MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best ...

Test #4 AP Statistics Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Insurance company records indicate that 12% of all teenage drivers have been ticketed for

1)

speeding and 9% for going through a red light. If 4% have been ticketed for both, what is the

probability that a teenage driver has been issued a ticket for speeding but not for running a red

light?

A) 17%

B) 8%

C) 3%

D) 12%

E) 13%

2) Which two events are most likely to be independent?

2)

A) having 3 inches of snow in the morning; being on time for school

B) doing the Statistics homework; getting an A on the test

C) being a senior; going to homeroom

D) registering to vote; being left-handed

E) having a car accident; having a junior license

3) A poll of 120 Ithacans found that 30 had visited the Museum of the Earth, and that 80 had been to 3) Home Depot. If it appeared that going to Home Depot and going to the Museum of the Earth were independent events, how many of those polled had been to both?

A) 15 B) It cannot be determined. C) 24 D) 20 E) 10

4) Six Republicans and four Democrats have applied for two open positions on a planning committee. 4)

Since all the applicants are qualified to serve, the City Council decides to pick the two new

members randomly. What is the probability that both come from the same party?

A)

42 90

B)

66 90

C)

42 100

D)

52 90

E)

52 100

5) A friend of yours plans to toss a fair coin 200 times. You watch the first 40 tosses, noticing that she 5)

got only 16 heads. But then you get bored and leave. If the coin is fair, how many heads do you

expect her to have when she has finished the 200 tosses?

A) 92

B) 100

C) 80

D) 116

E) 96

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6) A national study found that the average family spent $422 a month on groceries, with a standard 6) deviation of $84. The average amount spent on housing (rent or mortgage) was $1120 a month, with standard deviation $212. The expected total a family spends on food and housing is 422 + 1120 = $1542. What is the standard deviation of the total? A) $128 B) It cannot be determined. C) $228 D) $295 E) $148

7) Which of these has a geometric model?

7)

A) The colors of the cars in the grocery store parking lot.

B) The number of hits a baseball player gets in 6 times at bat.

C) The number of cards drawn from a deck until we find all four aces.

D) The number of black cards in a 10-card hand.

E) The number of people we survey until we find someone who owns an iPod.

8) Which of those choices listed in problem 7 is most likely to have a binomial model?

8)

A) The number of people we survey until we find someone who owns an iPod.

B) The number of hits a baseball player gets in 6 times at bat.

C) The colors of the cars in the grocery store parking lot

D) The number of cards drawn from a deck until we find all four aces.

E) The number of black cards in a 10-card hand.

9) Pepsi is running a sales promotion in which 12% of all bottles have a "FREE" logo under the cap.

9)

What is the probability that you find two free ones in a 6-pack?

A) 11%

B) 1%

C) 13%

D) 97%

E) 23%

10) A supermarket claims that their checkout scanners correctly price 99.8% of the items sold. How

10)

many items would you expect to buy, on average, to find one that scans incorrectly?

A) 200

B) 998

C) 99.8

D) 2

E) 500

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

11) Annual review You are up for your annual job performance review. You estimate there's 11) a 30% chance you'll get a promotion, a 40% chance of a raise, and a 20% chance of getting both a raise and a promotion.

a. Find the probability that you get a raise or promotion. b. Are the raise and the promotion independent events? Explain.

12) Studying Assume that 75% of the AP* Stat students studied for this test. If 40% of those

12)

who study get an A, but only 10% of those who don't study get an A, what is the

probability that someone who gets an A actually studied for the test?

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13) Basketball player heights Assume the heights of high school basketball players are

13)

normally distributed. For boys the mean is 74 inches with a standard deviation of 4.5

inches, while girl players have a mean height of 70 inches and standard deviation 3 inches.

At a mixed 2-on-2 tournament teams are formed by randomly pairing boys with girls as

teammates.

a. On average, how much taller do you expect the boy to be? b. What will be the standard deviation of the difference in teammates' heights? c. On what fraction of the teams would you expect the girl to be taller than the boy?

14) Credit card sales The National Association of Retailers reports that 62% of all purchases 14) are now made by credit card; you think this is true at your store as well. On a typical day you make 20 sales.

a. Explain why your sales can be considered Bernoulli trials. b. What is the probability that your fourth customer is the first one who uses a credit card? c. Let X represent the number of customers who use a credit card on a typical day. What is the probability model for X? Specify the model (name and parameters), and tell the mean and standard deviation. d. What is the probability that on a typical day at least half of your customers use a credit card?

15) Cigarette taxes New York public health officials report that currently 22% of adults smoke 15) (Ithaca Journal, 1/12/04).They hope that newly increased state cigarette taxes will reduce this rate. They plan to check in December by selecting a random sample of 1200 New Yorkers to estimate again the percentage of adults who smoke.

a. Verify that a Normal model is a useful approximation for the binomial in this situation. b. In that December sample, how many smokers would it take to convince you that the percentage of NY adults who smoke had decreased significantly? Explain.

16) Dice rolls Two players compete against each other by rolling dice - not the traditional

16)

dice, though. One face of Alphonso's die has an 8 and the other five faces are all 2's.

Bettina's die has four 3's and two 1's on the six faces.

a. They each roll their die, and the player with the highest score wins. Which player has the advantage? Explain. b. If Alphonso wins, Bettina pays him $10. How much should he pay her if she wins in order to make the game fair? c. They decide to change the rules. They'll each roll, and the winner will collect the number of dollars shown on his or her die. For example, If Alphonso rolls a 2 and Bettina rolls a 3, he'll pay her $3. Create a probability model for the amount Alphonso wins. d. Find the expected value and standard deviation of Alphonso's winnings at this game. e. If they play this new game repeatedly which player has the advantage? Explain.

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Answer Key Testname: TEST #4 - UNIT 4 AP

1) B 2) D 3) D 4) A 5) E 6) B 7) E 8) B 9) C 10) E 11) a. P(raise or promotion) = P(raise) + P(promotion) - P(raise and promotion) = 0.4 + 0.3 - 0.2 = 0.5

or from Venn diagram below, 50%.

b. P(raise

promotion)

=

P(raise promotion) P(promotion)

=

0.20 0.30

=

0.67

P(raise)

No, the raise and the promotion are not independent events. The probability of a raise is higher if you get the

promotion.

12) P(A) = 0.3 + 0.025 = 0.325

P(studied

for

test

|

A)

=

P(studied P(A)

A)

=

0.30 0.325

=

0.923

13) a. E(B - G) = E(B) - E(G) = 74 - 70 = 4 inches

b. Var(B - G) = Var(B) + Var(G) = (4.5)2 + (3)2 = 29.25. SD(X) =

c. Let D = difference between boy's height minus girl's height

P(D <

0)

=

P

z <

0 - 4 5.4

= P(z < -0.7407) = 0.2294

29.25 = 5.4

So, about 22.94% of the time you could expect the girl to be taller than the boy.

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Answer Key Testname: TEST #4 - UNIT 4 AP

14) a. Bernoulli trials have only two possible outcomes (success = credit/failure = other), trials are independent (one

transaction does not influence the next transaction), and the probability of success stays constant on every trial (62% of

all purchases).

b. P(first credit card on fourth sale) = P(3 other sales, then credit sale) = (0.38)3(0.62) = 0.034

c. Model: Binom(20, 0.62)

Mean: = np = (20)(0.62) = 12.4,

SD: = npq= (20)(0.62)(0.38)= 2.17

d. P(X 10) = 1 - P(x 9) = 1 -

20 0

(0.62)0(0.38)20 +...+

20 9

(0.62)9(0.38)11

= 1 - 0.0923 = 0.9077

15) a. Conditions/Assumptions for Normal model must be satisfied. np 10 (1200)(0.22) = 264 10 and nq 10 (1200)(0.78) = 936 10 1200 < 10% of all New Yorkers b. It would be unusual to see the number of adult smokers be less than 2 or 3 standard deviations below the mean.

Since the standard deviation = npq = (1200)(0.22)(0.78)= 14.35, it would be unusual to see fewer than 235 (264 2(14.35) = 235.3) smokers. So, I would conclude that the estimate of 22% of adults smoke had decreased significantly if there were fewer than 235 smokers in the December sample of 1200 NY adults.

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