COLLEGE OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES



COLLEGE OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

California State University, Long Beach

Health Care Administration Program

SYLLABUS: Spring, 2008

Course Title: HCA 422I – Global Health Issues

(3 Units)

Day and Time: Monday and Wednesday 11-12:15 PM

Room: VEC 202

Instructor: Richard L. Tradewell, MBA, Ph.D.

rtradewe@csulb.edu

Program Office ET-101; 562 985-5694

Office Hours: One hour before and after class session or all afternoon Thursdays by appointment.

Course Goal and Objectives:

Compare and contrast contemporary problems in health services policy and delivery in the major developed and selected developing nations. Analyze health system performance from a financial, management, government, private sector and public policy perspective. Obtain a more complete understanding of the problems and possible solutions to U.S. health system inefficiencies and inequities by seeking an international perspective. Identify mistakes of other nations and isolate ideas that have worked to increase access and to promote quality of health services.

New Catalog Description

This course examines factors that impact global health, including geography, climate, demography, culture, religion, and social organization. It then analyzes the characteristics of healthcare delivery systems and the governmental, economic, social and political forces that influence them. Issues are discussed from the standpoint of individual nations, regions, and the world. Behaviors, over which one can exert control, are juxtaposed with genetic and environmental factors, over which one has limited or no control.

Expected Outcomes:

Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to analyze provision of health care in several nations and apply theories of market failure and government failure to the operation of these health services systems. In addition, students will:

A. Describe supply and demand patterns for health services in several countries.

B. Analyze how government and politics affect health policy.

C. Identify different approaches used to bring health care to the poor and underserved.

D. Analyze the relationship between economic/industrial development and health care delivery.

E. Examine how resources are expended on hospitals, physicians, nurses, preventive and sanitation services in various countries.

F. Describe the role of indigenous healers in several countries.

G. Relate social and political change to consequent reforms in health care and changes in health status.

H. Identify issues affecting underserved population’s health in the United States and abroad.

Required Publications:

A. Provided in class, on BeachBoard or in e-reserve documents:

Survey: “The Health of Nations.” The Economist. (July 15, 2004). (All chapters are required).

Freidman, Milton. “How to Cure Healthcare”. The Public Interest, Winter, 2001. (Word copy of article on BeachBoard).

Getzen, Thomas E. 2007. Health Economics and Financing. John Wiley & Sons. Chapter 17: “International Comparisons of Health and Health Expenditures”, pp 396-423. Excellent summary of recent problems in German health system at pages 415-418.

Goodman, Musgrave and Herrick. 2005. Lives at Risk: Single-Payer National Health Insurance Around the World. Chapter 24: Designing Ideal Health Insurance.

Gratzer, David. 2006. The Cure: How Capitalism Can Save American Healthcare. Encounter Books.

Herzlinger, Regina E. 2005. Harvard Case Study: “Hospital for Special Surgery” (9-305-076). Harvard Business School. Note especially reading starting page 12, “The United Kingdom.”

Herzlinger, Regina. 2007. Who Killed Healthcare? New York: McGraw-Hill.

Klein The Health of Nations. American Prospect

“A Survey of the World Economy: The Future of the State.” The Economist (September 20, 1997). (Part 1 in e-reserves).

World Development Report: Investing in Health (free download). 1993. Oxford University Press and World Bank. Chapter 3 provides an excellent short summary of market and government failure in health care.



Chapter 10: “The Design of Health Systems” in M Merson, R Black, A Mills, International Public Health, Gaithersburg: Aspen Publishers, Inc. 2001. (e-reserves)

Chapter 4: “Infectious Diseases” in Merson, R Black, A Mills, International Public Health, Gaithersburg: Aspen Publishers, Inc. 2001. (e-researves).

Chapter 8: “Limits to Public Intervention: Government Failures” in Weimer, David L. and Aidan R. Vining. 2005. Policy Analysis: Concepts and Practice. Prentice Hall.

Sowell, Thomas. 2004. Basic Economics. Chapter 6: “The Role of Profits and Losses”. New York: Basic Books.

Skolnik, Richard. 2008. Essentials of Global Health. Chapter 5, “An Introduction to Health Systems,” is required reading in e-reserves.

B. Required purchase at bookstore or online:

Levine, Ruth. 2007. Case Studies in Global Health: Millions Saved. Jones and Barlett.

White, E.B. 2006. The Elements of Style. Paperback (about $3.00) or online . Instructor has Chapter II in e-reserves. .

Methods of Presentation

A. Lecture/Discussion. PowerPoints are posted on BeachBoard prior to each class

B. Discussion of student critical essays

C. Demonstration of research for essays and final essay examination

Use of Academic Technology in this Class

This course makes use of several forms of academic technology, including the web, e-reserves and BeachBoard. Students are required to use of this technology to fulfill the requirements for this course. To participate in the academic technology elements of this course, students must have access to, and be able to use:

• A computer, equipped with Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.0 or newer and word-processing software capable of reading Microsoft Word XP files.

• The internet. Specifically, the World Wide Web. Whatever internet service provider is used must be capable of accessing Web pages, BeachBoard and Acrobat files.

• An account on BeachBoard.

The Library E-Reserve System

Other readings and materials will be available on the CSULB Library’s E-Reserve system. To access the system type the following address in your web browser: eReserves.library.csulb.edu. Type “Tradewell” in the space for “ERes QuickSearch” and click on the “search” button. You will then see the course password page. Enter the password for the course, which is “think,” and then click on the “accept” button. You should now be in the main course folder. You will see a folder titled “Readings,” click on it and you will see each reading. Click on the reading and you can read the article on screen or download and print it.

Expectations of Student Skill Performance

To complete the requirements for the course, students are expected to:

Write clearly and concisely, using correct grammar, punctuation and spelling.

Communicate articulately in oral presentations.

Be proficient in using PowerPoint for presentations.

Search the web and research publication, then apply the information found.

Analyze information, both numeric and text.

Apply internationally-accepted metrics to compare health and healthcare.

Synthesize information about factors that impact health and health care.

Compare and contrast countries, situations, historic and current times.

Participate in class discussions.

Submit all assignments on time.

Submit assignments on line and provide professor with a paper copy during class.

Student Responsibilities and University Policies

(1) CSULB policies on cheating and plagiarism shall apply, as delineated in California State University, Long Beach Policy Statement 85-19, December 13, 1985. One or more of the following academic actions are available to the faculty member who finds a student has been cheating or plagiarizing.

(a) Review -- no action.

(b) An oral reprimand with emphasis on counseling toward prevention of further occurrences;

(c) A requirement that the work be repeated;

(d) Assignment of a score of zero (0) for the specific demonstration of competence, resulting in the proportional reduction of final course grade;

(e) Assignment of a failing final grade;

(f) Referral to the Office of Judicial Affairs for possible probation, suspension, or expulsion.

(2) Students who need accommodation for any type of disability must inform the instructor in advance.

(3) Withdawal is the responsibility of student. Withdrawal after the posted date is allowed only for serious and compelling reasons and requires the approval of the dean.

(4) Absences are excused consistent with University policies.

(5) Students are expected to have CSULB email accounts and to check their email and BeachBoard regularly for class announcements.

Methods of Evaluation and Grading

A. Critical Essays: two essays @ 15% each 30 %

B. Objective Midterm Examination 25 %

C. Objective Final Examination 25 %

E. Group and Individual Oral Presentations and Participation 20 %

Grading

90 % and higher: A

80 % and higher B

70 % and higher C

60 % and higher D

Below 60% F

Bibliography

Bruce Fried and Laura Gaydos, World Health Systems: Challenges and Perspectives. Chicago: Health Administration Press, 2002. (available from CSULB Bookstore and on reserve)

Graig, L. The Health of Nations (1999). Congressional Quarterly Press, Washington, DC., 3nd ed.

M Merson, R Black, A Mills, International Public Health, Gaithersburg: Aspen Publishers, Inc. 2001.

D Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

G. Anderson, P Hussey, Frogner, H. Waters, “Health Spending in the U.S. and the Rest of the Industrialized World.” Health Affairs, July/August 2005/Volume 24, Number 4

P Colman, Corpses, Coffins, and Crypts. New York: Henry Holt and Co., 1997.

Global Report 05/06. Published by McGaw Hill, 2005.

Health Affairs Special Issue. “Global Challenges in Health.” May/June 2004.

J Hinnells, A New Handbook of Living Religions. London: Penguin, 1998.

D. Skal, Death Makes a Holiday: A Cultural History of Halloween. New York: Bloomsbury, 2002.

The Economist. Journal with typically one article per issue pertinent to global or international health.

M Toro-Morn and M. Alicea (Eds), Migration and Immigration: A Global View. Westport, CN: Greenwood Press, 2004

T Tuleja, Curious Customs. New York: The Stonesong Press, Inc., 1987.

World Health Organization. World Health Reports. Annually 1995-2005. Geneva: WHO.

M Merson, R Black, A Mills, International Public Health, Gaithersburg: Aspen Publishers, Inc. 2001.

Health Affairs. May-June, 2002; May-June, 2003; May-June, 2004; May-June 2005; May-June 2006. This edition is always devoted to international health or health care systems in a foreign nation.

The Reform of Health Care, Health Policy Studies No. 2, Paris: OECD 1992.

Goodman, Musgrave and Herrick. 2005. Lives at Risk: Single-Payer National Health Insurance Around the World. New York: Rowman & Littlefield.

Useful Journals and Websites

Health Affairs

Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly

Journal of Health and Social Medicine

New England Journal of Medicine

Journal of Health Policy, Politics and Law

The Economist

Inquiry

Benefits and Compensation International

International Journal of Health Services

Social Science and Medicine

Health Care Financing Review

OECD Observer

Center for Global Development

CRITICAL ESSAY GUIDELINES

What is a critical essay?

A critical essay provokes and reflects thought. It examines solutions from multiple perspectives. It thinks through both market and government failure, including how a program is implemented and how and how often it is evaluated for cost-effectiveness.

Two Critical Essays Required

The first essay will be on a developed nation that we have not studied in class (avoid Canada, the U.K., Germany/Netherlands, and Japan). You will be analyzing how effectively the system works, the major reforms needed, and whether you would recommend this system, or parts of it, for the U.S.

The second essay will be on a economically developing or transitional nation (Cuba, Mexico, China). You will be paying particular attention to how scare resources are utilized, major reforms needed and whether the nation is heading in the right direction.

Present Both Sides: Look for the Fight

Every nation has at least a major and an opposition party and candidates with very different ideas about healthcare. In developed, and even in some developing, nations the two sides are usually represented by policy institutes or think tanks that publish many useful articles.

Presenting Your Analysis

You will be orally summarizing your essay for your classmates. You should use PowerPoint accompanied by a one page outline of your key points to hand out to the class. These presentations must be short (5 to 10 minutes) and allow five minutes for discussion.

Length and Format

The best “op-ed” pieces are often the shortest. Two-four pages double-spaced (your references add a fifth page) should be adequate to present your argument. Be brief but specific and make your report fact-laden.

References

You must include two references (books, journal articles) in addition to the texts. Use a consistent and standard reference protocol.

Common Topics to Consider in the Context of Critical Essays:

• Is there access to care or access to a waiting list?

• Have taxes been raised continually to support health care? Are tax rates growing faster than national income? Is economic growth slowed as a consequence?

• Market Failures the government is attempting to correct.

• Evidence of Government Failure in implementation of public policy.

• Interaction of Public Health Services and Personal Medical Care Services in Selected Nations

• Control of Budgets and Revenues Under Different Systems of Government

• How to Control Demand for Health Care

• Consumer Control and Empowerment

• Health Professional Licensure and Certification: does it help or hinder cost effective services?

• Changing Stakeholders in Health Services in Different Countries

• Is Technology Lifesaving or Cost-Increasing?

• Cost Benefit and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

• Access as a Worldwide Ethical Issue

• Rationing of Health Care in Different Settings

• Health Reform and Quality Assurance Trends Affecting Health

• Institutional Ownership of the Health Care Industry

• War, Civil Disorder and Health Services

• Racism and Health

Semester Schedule and Reading Assignments

Week 1: Jan 29 and 31

Orientation and Overview of the State of World Health

A. Why this class is important to you, the nation and your world

B. Review of reading assignments

C. Review of written assignments (See reading below on Critical Essays)

D. Participation in class discussions

E. Attendance, expectation of performance

F. Testing and grading policies

**Take Home Exam Group Project (5% participation score)**

Today the class will be divided into five to six person groups led by a student who has taken a foundation class in health care systems (HCA 202, 402). You will be given a Take Home Background Quiz of eight questions worth 5% of the grade.

Due Feb 19. See “Assignments” section of BeachBoard.

Critical Thinking Discussion Topics: Insurance Market Failure and Government Failure

1. Is health care a right? Who should pay for your healthcare: employer, government, yourself? Is consumer choice of services a right?

2. What determines the health of a person or a population?

3. What indicates market failure and supports government intervention?

4. What indicates government failure and the need to establish market forces?

5. Is personal health care a public or a private good? How about public health: it is a public or a private good?

6. Why is U.S. health care said to be in crisis? Which presidential candidate has the best plan for health reform?

7. Which states have enacted important reforms already? Have they worked?

8. What is success? Is it universal access? Lower cost services?

Reading Assignment:

Background in health systems around the world:



World Development Report: Investing in Health (free download). 1993. Oxford University Press and World Bank. Chapter 3 provides an excellent short summary of market and government failure in health care.



White. E.B. 1979 (third edition); Chapter II, “Elementary Principles of Composition.”

Classification of Goods: class handout on public and private goods; rivalry/excludability

(See also Wikipedia for discussion of “public good” in economics)

Key terms:

Public good; private good

Rivalry and excludability

Free-riding

Week 2: Feb 5 and 7

Problems and Issues in U.S. Healthcare Delivery

“Should the Government Provide Free Universal Health Care for All Americans?” See pro-con at

PowerPoint: “Ten Characteristics of U.S. Health System” (or “Why Michael Moore is so upset!”).

Ezra Klein in American Prospect says in other nations universal care is easy! or download Word file from BeachBoard.

Note; students that are taking HCA 422I without a foundation course (HCA 202 or 402) must read the entry on “Health Care” and the subheadings of “Medicine” , and “Nursing” and It is also advisable to purchase an introductory text that introduces the components of heath care.

Critical Thinking Discussion Topics

1. What are the common elements of all health systems?

2. How do we evaluate health systems?

3. Is it possible to have both equity and efficiency?

4. What is the role of the state? (see readings below).

5. What parts of the health system are public goods and which are private goods?

6. What kinds of regulatory mechanisms do governments use?

7. How do we evaluate public and private financing options?

8. How are providers paid?

9. How are services provided?

10. What kinds of reform should we look for in each nation?

a. Regulation reform

b. Financing reform

c. Resource allocation reform

d. Provision of services reform

Background Reading Assignment

Economist: “Survey: The Health of Nations” (Read all eight parts).

PowerPoint: “The Health of Nations”.

Key Terms:

Universal entitlement

Enforcement of legal rights

Moral ideals

Market failure and government intervention

Week 3: Feb 12 and 14

LIBRARY VISIT: RESEARCHING A NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEM

Government Growth and Government Failure

Weimer and Vining. 2005, Policy Analysis (Prentice Hall, 4th Edition, “Chapter 9, Government Failure” in e-reserves.

Economist: “Survey: the Future of the State”

• Page 8: Government Spending as Percentage of GDP over 100 years in selected nations.

• Page 18 – The Hidden Cost of Taxes.

Instructor PowerPoint: Government Failure

Bureaucracy:

Public Choice Theory:

Government Failure; .

Freidman, Milton. “How to Cure Healthcare”. The Public Interest, Winter, 2001. (Word copy on BeachBoard).

CLASS ASSIGNMENT: John Stossel’s STUPID IN AMERICA will be shown in class.

See: review here: .

Steps to fire a bad teacher are here:

Critical Thinking Discussion Topics

1. Why do government programs to help the poor so often fail in practice? Why did the old welfare system lead to government dependency?

2. How does Milton Freidman reason that bad tax policy led to the crisis in U.S. healthcare?

3. How does tax policy encourage over-consumption and waste and systematically reward the wealthy at the expense of the poor?

4. Can government discriminate in providing services?

5. When, if ever, are taxes just too high? What is the relationship between taxation and economic growth and opportunity?

6. When government gets into the subsidy business, what socio-economic groups tend to benefit?

7. In what ways is King-Drew Medical Center (so-called “killer King”) an example of government failure? Was too little money the problem?

8. Are American “public schools” really public? Why are performance levels of American students relatively low internationally? Is money the problem?

Key terms:

Theory of government failure

Rent seeking

Relationship of high taxes to economic growth

Government growth over 100 years

Capitalism and Socialism

Week 4: Feb 19 and 21

**GROUP ORAL PRESENTATIONS ON TAKE HOME EXAM**

The Role of the Market: Consumer preferences

Reading Assignment:

Sowell: Chapter 6, “The Role of Profits and Losses” in Basic Economics.

Economist: “Survey: the Health of Nations”

Market failure:

Critical Thinking Discussion Topics:

1. “Competition is keen cutting edge of business, always shaving away at costs” – Henry Ford. Why has healthcare cost ruined Ford Motors? Why hasn’t competition brought costs down?

2. Why do marketing analysts begin by segmenting the market?

3. What if you do not use Western allopathic medical care? Should you be made to buy it for others?

4. What about people who smoke, drink alcohol in large quantities, overeat, do not exercise, engage in dangerous sexual practices, gamble, engage in violent behavior, drive restlessly, etc. Should they pay more for insurance?

5. What is the people in #4 decline to buy insurance, knowing government requires hospitals to treat them in emergency rooms?

Key terms

Competition

Market segmentation

Product differentiation

Consumer preferences

Profits

Week 5: Feb 26 and 28

Basic Design Options in Health Systems.

Reading Assignment:

Chapter 10: “The Design of Health Systems” in M Merson, R Black, A Mills, International Public Health



Skolnick, Chapter 5, “An Introduction to Health Systems,” in Essentials of Global Health.

Basic models for health delivery

A. The national health service model (U.K.)

B. The social insurance model (Canada)

C. Insurance mandate model (Germany, Netherlands, Japan)

D. The mixed market model (U.S.)

E. Convergence among health care systems

F. Health Spending Around the World: Unsustainable?

Critical Thinking Discussion Topics:

1. What is the role of government in health?

2. When should government become involved?

3. What is the relationship between health care delivery, resources, and poverty?

Key Terms:

Human Development Index

Relationship of financing and providers

Health system integration

**TOPIC PARAGRAPH FOR FIRST CRITICAL ESSAY DUE**

Week 6: Mar 4 and 6

The Canadian Health Care System

A. The development of the Canadian System

B. The early years of Canadian medicine

C. Principles of Canada NHI

D. Comparing provinces

E. Is Canada a lesson for the U.S.?

F. Do Canadians hate their health system?

Critical Thinking Discussion Topics:

1. What does a single payer of health care mean?

2. Can uniformity be enforced in health and social welfare?

3. What is the real market for health care? Providers? Insurers?

4. Why is Canada different from the U.S.?

Reading Assignment: Medicare in Canada (Medicare is term for government universal healthcare)

Look for supplemental articles on BeachBoard concerning recent attempts to reform Canadian healthcare in light of recent court decisions

Key Terms

Monopsony

Canadian style socialism

Week 7: Mar 11 and 13

Challenges and Crisis in Canadian Style Socialism

A Supreme Court Decisions: the crisis and its aftermath

B What about the private sector in Canada?

Reading Assignment: Steinbrook, Robert. 2006. “Private Health Care in Canada” New England Journal of Medicine

Gratzer: Chapter Nine: “The Hip That Changed History” in The Cure. See e-reserves.

Week 8: Mar 18 and 20

**FIRST CRITICAL ESSAY DUE**

The British National Health Service

A. The British government and constitution

B. History of Britain since the industrial revolution

C. Workers health insurance 1911-1945

D. The birth and growth of the NHS 1945-present

E. Structure and function

F. Reforms in the NHS 1954, 1976, 1993

G. The private sector in the UK

Critical Thinking Discussion Topics:

1. What is the impact of nationalizing hospitals?

2. What were incentives built into the payment of GPs?

3. Why is the NHS less costly?

4. What is the future of private sector alternatives?

5. Human resources management in a nationalized system

Reading Assignment:



Herzlinger, Regina E. 2005. Harvard Case Study: “Hospital for Special Surgery” (9-305-076). Harvard Business School. Note especially reading starting page 12, “The United Kingdom.”

Review the NHS redesigned website based on consumer choice:

Key Terms:

Primary Care Trusts

Hospital Trusts

Double jeopardy

Waiting lists

Super bugs

Privatization

Week 9: Mar 25 and 27

Comparison of Health Expenditures and Health Resources

A. Review of the spectrum of health care

B. Health care expenditures, aggregate, per capita

C. Health as a share of GNP

D. Statistical indicators of national health

3/25 Midterm examination review

3/27 ** MIDTERM EXAMINATION** compares health systems in U.S., Canada, and Great Britain; tests understanding of market and government failure in each nation.

Week 10: Apr 1 and 3 POST EASTER/SPRING BREAK (RELAX!)

Week 11: Apr 8 and 10

Germany: Bismark’s Great Experiment and the Current Crisis

A. Bismarck and social reform

B. The role of sickness funds in Germany

C. Labor and management relations in Germany

D. Functioning and problems of the system

E. Lack of product differentiation; cream-skimming; lack of real competition

Critical Thinking Discussion Topics:

1. How did Bismark co-opt the workers’ revolutionary movement?

2. Is Germany today a public or a private system?

3. Describe the crisis Germany faces today.

4. How has German healthcare contributed to high unemployment and slow economic growth?

5. How does the necessity for increased payroll taxation decrease future international competitiveness?

6. Are physicians as a corporatist cartel the key obstacle to reform?

Reading Assignment: German Health Care

Getzen, Thomas E. 2007. Health Economics and Financing. John Wiley & Sons. Chapter 17: “International Comparisons of Health and Health Expenditures”, pp 396-423. Excellent summary of recent problems in German health system at pages 415-418.

Key Terms

Sickness Funds

Automatic increases in payroll taxation

Demographic unsustainability

Week 12: Apr 15 and 17

**PARAGRAPH TOPIC FOR SECOND CRITICAL ESSAY DUE**

The Japanese Health System

A. Japan’s contact with the West

B. Development of social security

C. World War II and the occupation

D. The roles of Japanese business

E. Why is Japanese health care so inexpensive or is it?

F. Health care and health status in Japan

Critical Thinking Discussion Topics:

1. Why are the Japanese so healthy?

2. Why Japan had grown so prosperous? Does this include health care providers?

3. What happened to the Japanese economic miracle?

4. Is the Japanese multiple payer, pluralistic system applicable to the U.S.?

Reading Assignment: Ikegami, et al. 2004. “Japan’s Health Care System: Containing Costs and Attempting Reform.” Health Affairs, May/June 2004.

Getzen, Thomas E. 2007. Health Economics and Financing. John Wiley & Sons. Chapter 17: “International Comparisons of Health and Health Expenditures”, pp 396-423. See section discussing Japanese healthcare.

Key terms:

Society managed health insurance

GMHI

CHI

Standardized reimbursement

LTCI

Aging society

Week 13: Apr 22 and 24

Non-European Models

A. Differences between less developed and industrialized countries

B. Economic structure of rich and poor nations

C. Health status differences and social insurance

D. Role of World Health Organization .

Critical Thinking Discussion Topics:

1. Why does an economy dependent on agriculture and raw materials lead to a poorer, less healthy country?

2. Does lower GNP per capita mean poverty, disease and illiteracy? Why or Why not?

3. How does colonialism determine health organization?

Reading Assignment:

Chapter 24, “Brazil”, in World Health Systems (BeachBoard and e-reserves.

TED Conference, Monterey, CA.

Chapter 17, Getzen in e-reserves, and PowerPoint “International Comparisons”.

Reading Assignment: Chapter 10: “The Design of Health Systems” in M Merson, R Black, A Mills, International Public Health, see e-reserves.

Economist; “For 80 Cents More”. August 17, 2002 U.S. Edition. Note: the PowerPoint with this article explores when developing nations make bad policy decisions because of lack of data on causes of death.

Week 14: Apr 29 and May 1

**CRITICAL ESSAY #2 DUE**

Poverty and Health: A Global Perspective

A. Rich nations and poor nations-- an overview

B. Income and class differences within countries

C. Rural and urban poverty

D. Multi-class health care

E. Models of How Economies Grow

Critical Thinking Discussion Topics:

1. How is the U.S. similar to or different from developing countries in health care?

2. Is a two-class health care system inevitable?

3. Does industrialization lead to an unhealthy civilization? Is economic growth dangerous to health?

Reading Assignment: Each group will critically review and present a case study from Ruth Levine’s Case Studies in Global Health.

Week 15: May 6 and 8 Final Examination Review

PRESENTATIONS

Week 16: **FINAL EXAMINATION, May 13; results and instructor conferences, May 15

STUDENT INFORMATION SHEET

Spring, 2008

(TURN IN TO INSTRUCTOR)

Name___________________________________________________________

Name you prefer to use____________________________________________

Address_________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Phone(s):________________________________________________________

Best time/place to reach you:_______________________________________

Fax:_________________________________________________________

E-mail address:__________________________________________________

Please describe briefly:

a. Your educational background and work experience:

b. Future educational and career plans:

c. Your reasons for taking this course, what you hope to learn from it:

d. Other HCA classes you are taking or have completed:

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