Agrodok 15 - Panda
Agrodok 15
Small-scale freshwater fish farming
Assiah van Eer Ton van Schie Aldin Hilbrands
? Agromisa Foundation, Wageningen, 2004.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photocopy, microfilm or any other means, without written permission from the publisher.
First edition: 1996 Second edition: 2004
Authors: Assiah van Eer, Ton van Schie, Aldin Hilbrands Illustrators: Linda Croese, Oeke Kuller, Barbera Oranje Design: Janneke Reijnders Translation: Sara van Otterloo Printed by: Digigrafi, Wageningen, the Netherlands
ISBN: 90-77073-83-3
NUGI: 835
Foreword
This Agrodok aims at providing basic information on how to set up a small-scale fish farm for subsistence purposes with regard to daily protein needs.
Since fish farming practices are so diverse, this manual focuses on land based freshwater fish farming. In the tropics, pond fish farming is the most common form of fish farming in the tropics. Therefore, the information provided in this manual concerns pond construction and pond management.
Agromisa welcomes your comments concerning the contents of this book or additional information in order to improve future editions.
Wageningen, 1996.
Assiah van Eer, Ton van Schie, Aldin Hilbrands.
Foreword
3
Contents
1 Introduction
6
2 Fish farming: basic principles
7
2.1 Planning an aquaculture enterprise
8
3 Planning the site and type of fish farm
10
3.1 Site selection
10
3.2 Type of aquaculture farm
15
3.3 Other methods of fish farming
19
4 Fish farming practices
23
4.1 Selection of fish species
23
4.2 Fish nutrition
26
4.3 Water transparency as water fertility indicator
28
4.4 Health and disease
30
4.5 Reproduction
32
4.6 Harvesting the fish
33
4.7 Maintenance and monitoring
37
5 Carp culture
41
5.1 Common carp
42
5.2 Indian and Chinese carps
46
6 Tilapia culture
50
6.1 Egg production
53
6.2 Grow-out ponds
53
6.3 Feed and fertilizer
54
6.4 Stocking density and production levels
55
7 Catfish culture
56
7.1 Egg production
57
7.2 Hatcheries
58
7.3 Fry production
59
4
Small-scale freshwater fish farming
7.4 Grow-out ponds
60
7.5 Feed requirements
60
Appendix 1: Guidelines for pond design and construction 61
Appendix 2: Overview of widely cultured fish species and
their food preferences
73
Appendix 3: Characteristics of liming materials
74
Further reading
75
Useful addresses
78
Contents
5
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