Medical Emergency Dial - University of California, Berkeley



Standard Operating ProcedureSettlement Class: Pyrophorics Methyl Methyl Grignard Reagent SolutionsThis is an SOP template and is not complete until: 1) lab specific information is entered into the box below 2) lab specific protocol/procedure is added to the protocol/procedure section and 3) SOP has been signed and dated by the PI and relevant lab personnel. Print a copy and insert into your Laboratory Safety Manual and Chemical Hygiene Plan. Refer to instructions for assistance.Department:Chemistry Date SOP was written:11/11/2012Date SOP was approved by PI/lab supervisor:1/13/2013Principal Investigator:Richmond SarpongInternal Lab Safety Coordinator/Lab Manager:Rebecca MurphyLab Phone:510-643-2485Office Phone:510-643-6312Emergency Contact:Richmond Sarpong 626-644-2407(Name and Phone Number)Location(s) covered by this SOP:Latimer 834, 836, 837, 838, 839, 842, 844, 847, 849, 907(Building/Room Number)Type of SOP: ? Process ?Hazardous Chemical ? Hazardous ClassPurposeMethyl Grignard reagent solutions are all highly flammable and some may be pyrophoric and spontaneously ignite in contact with air. The solutions are corrosive. They react violently with water and vapors may form explosive mixture with air. They widely employed as potent nucleophiles and strong bases in organic synthesis, both industrially and in the laboratory.Methyl Grignard reagents are powerful nucleophiles, strong bases and even occasionally reductants, depending on the other reactants. Methyl Grignard reagents add to carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes yielding a magnesium alkoxide derivative prior to workup. Methyl Grignard reagents are typically used in the synthesis of specific alcohols by addition to aldehydes, ketones and esters.Examples of Methyl Grignard Reagents Methyl Grignard alkylmagnesium halides. The halide can be bromide, chloride or iodide. The solvent can be t-butyl methyl ether, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, or toluene and the molarities typically range from 1 to 3 molar.Physical & Chemical Properties/Definition of Chemical GroupCAS#: various. Examples from the title list include 1730-25-2, 677-22-5, 931-51-1, 2386-64-3, 4301-14-8, 1068-55-9, 75-16-1, 100-58-3, 2234-82-4, 1826-67-1Class: Pyrophoric, Flammable, CorrosiveMolecular Formula: Variable: CH3Mg-XForm (physical state): LiquidColor: ColorlessBoiling point: N/APotential Hazards/ToxicityMaterial is extremely destructive to tissue of the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, eyes, and skin. Inhalation may provoke the following symptoms: spasm, inflammation and edema of the bronchi, spasm, inflammation and edema of the larynx. Aspiration or inhalation may cause chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary edema. Symptoms of exposure may include burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, and vomiting. May be harmful if absorbed through the skin. Can cause burns to the skin and eyes.Engineering ControlsMethyl Grignard reagents should be used in a glove box filled with inert gas, or in a closed system in a certified fume hood.Keep the material under inert atmosphere (e.g., nitrogen, argon) when not in use.Only when absolutely necessary to transfer larger quantities of pyrophorics, use an appropriately-designed, engineered system that is tested and properly used. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Respirator ProtectionIf a respirator is the sole means of protection, please use a full-face supplied air respirator.Respirators should be used only under any of the following circumstances:As a last line of defense (i.e., after engineering and administrative controls have been exhausted).When Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) has exceeded or when there is a possibility that PEL will be exceeded. Regulations require the use of a respirator.An employer requires the use of a respirator. There is potential for harmful exposure due to an atmospheric contaminant (in the absence of PEL)As PPE in the event of a chemical spill clean-up processHand ProtectionHandle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.NOTE: Lab-specific and chemical-specific information on glove selection may be included in the Protocol/Procedure section. Refer to glove selection from the link below:For glove selection, go to: personnel intending to use/wear a respirator mask must be trained and fit-tested by EH&S. This is a regulatory requirement. NOTE: Lab-specific and chemical-specific information on glove selection may be included in the Protocol/Procedure section. Nomex-and-leather flight gloves over chemically resistant gloves are recommended in the UC Berkeley Office of Environmental Health and Safety document “Safe Use of Pyrophoric and Water Reactive Reagents”. See also, EHS&S document entitled “Glove Selection and Usage.” ProtectionSafety glasses (goggles and/or full face shield during activities which pose a splash hazard).Skin and Body ProtectionA flame resistant lab coat must be worn. Full length pants or equivalent as well as closed toe shoes must be worn.Hygiene MeasuresAvoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling Methyl Grignard reagents.First Aid ProceduresIf InhaledMove person into fresh air. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Do NOT use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Get medical attention immediately.In Case of Skin ContactImmediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention immediately.In Case of Eye ContactCheck for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention immediatelyIf SwallowedDo NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. If victim is conscious and alert, rinse mouth with 2-4 cupfuls of water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention immediately.Special Handling and Storage RequirementsWorking AloneCertain extremely hazardous operations should not be performed if the PI or Lab Safety Contact(s) are not present. Never work alone with extremely hazardous materials/operations. See the Protocol/Procedure section below for specific prohibitions (if any) on working alone.NOTE: The UC Berkeley Office of Environmental Health and Safety document “Safe Use of Pyrophoric and Water Reactive Reagents” specifies not to work alone or during off hours, when there are few people around to help. for Safe Handling Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapor or mist. Design a quenching scheme for residual materials prior to using pyrophoric materials. Never use water to quench the material itself or a reaction where a pyrophoric reagent is used. Begin quenching with a low reactivity quenching agent and slowly add more reactive quenching agents. For example, first quench residual sodium metal with isopropanol and then add ethanol to the mixture.Design your experiment to use the least amount of material possible to achieve the desired result.It is better to do multiple transfers of small volumes than attempt to handle larger quantities. Before transferring, make sure that the material is at room temperature.Avoid formation of dusts and aerosolsProvide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where airborne hazardous materials may be generated. Use explosion-proof equipment. Keep away from sources of ignition and combustible materials such as open flames, non-explosion-proof hot plates, paper towels and KimiwipesTM - No smoking. Take measures to prevent the build-up of electrostatic charge.Eliminate or substitute a less hazardous material when possible.Verify your experimental set-up and procedure prior to rm colleagues that this material will be used and where. Label the work area with a sign saying "Pyrophorics In-Use Area".Ensure that the area is properly equipped with a properly functioning eye wash/safety shower within ten seconds of travel.Never use water to extinguish fires caused by water reactive materials. Be sure to use a an appropriate fire extinguisher for the materials being used. NOTE: See a more details on safe handling in the UC Berkeley Office of Environmental Health and Safety documents “Safe Use of Pyrophoric and Water Reactive Reagents” and “Quenching of Pyrophoric Substances”. for Safe Storage. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers that are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Minimize dust generation and accumulation.Since Methyl Grignard reagents react violently with water, never allow product to get in contact with water or water-based compounds during storage. Store and handle under inert gas (Noble gases such as Nitrogen, Argon etc.).Protect from moisture and humid atmospheres. Avoid extremes in temperature and direct sunlight. Avoid storing next to strong oxidizing agents, fluorine, chlorine, and perchlorates. Incompatibilities with Other Materials: carbonyl containing compounds, acidic compounds.Hazard communication label on the container must read ‘Water Reactive’. WDo not leave the container on the bench top - even momentarily. Do not leave the container near a lab sink, emergency eyewash or safety shower. Keep in a dry place (such as a desiccator or a dry box or glove box).Use/purchase only amount that is needed in a reasonable amount of time. Use small quantities whenever possible.Store in a separate secondary container and label the material clearly.Follow any substance-specific storage guidance provided in Safety Data Sheet documentation.Monitor your inventory closely to assure that you have tight control over your material.Wash hands and arms with soap and water after handling.Minimize dust generation and accumulation.At the end of each project, thoroughly inspect the area for residual reactive material.Spill and Accident Procedure Fire-fighting & Extinguishing media Prior to use, review the Safety Data Sheet for the proper fire extinguisher to use with the given material Acceptable fire extinguishing media include Metal X, soda ash (lime) or dry sand to respond to small fires, and an ABC extinguisher for large fires. The extinguishing media should be located near where the pyrophoric work is occurring. DO NOT use water to attempt to extinguish a pyrophoric/reactive material fire as it can enhance the combustion of some of these materials, e.g. metal compounds, and do not use water or CO2 extinguishers on an organolithium fire. A small beaker of Metal X/LithX, dry sand or soda ash (lime) in the work area is useful to extinguish any small fire that occurs at the syringe tip and to receive any last drops of reagent from the syringe.?. In general, an ABC dry powder extinguisher will put out the fire, but the pyrophoric reagent may reignite.Special protective equipment for fire-fightersWear Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) for fire-fighting if necessary.Personal precautionsAvoid dust formation. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition and combustion. Evacuate personnel to safe areas.Environmental precautionsDo not let product enter drains.Methods and materials for containment and cleaning upPick-up and dispose of as hazardous waste without creating dust. Do not flush with water or bring in contact with moisture. Keep in suitable, tightly closed containers for disposal.Chemical Spill Dial 911 Spill – Assess the extent of danger. Help contaminated or injured persons. Evacuate the spill area. Avoid breathing vapors. If possible, confine the spill to a small area using a spill kit or absorbent material. Keep others from entering contaminated area (e.g., use caution tape, barriers, etc.). Small (<1 L) – If you have training, you may assist in the clean-up effort. Use appropriate personal protective equipment and clean-up material for chemical spilled. Double bag spill waste in clear plastic bags, label and take to the next chemical waste pick-up. Large (>1 L) – Dial 911 and 510-642-9090 for assistance. Chemical Spill on Body or Clothes – Remove clothing and rinse body thoroughly in emergency shower for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. Notify supervisor and EH&S immediately. Follow up with a call to 510-642-9090 to report the incident. Medical Emergency Dial 911 Life Threatening Emergency, After Hours, Weekends and Holidays – Dial 911 or go to the nearest emergency room. Note: All Serious injuries must be reported to EH&S within 8 hours. Non-Life Threatening Emergency – Go to the Occupational Health Facility (OHF). After hours go to the nearest emergency room. Note: All serious injuries must be reported to EH&S within 8 hours.Needle Stick/Puncture Exposure (as applicable to chemical handling procedure) – Wash the affected area with antiseptic soap and warm water for 15 minutes. For mucous membrane exposure, flush the affected area for 15 minutes using an eyewash station. Page the needle stick nurse \ and then enter your extension. After hours go to the nearest emergency room. Note: All needle stick/puncture exposures must be reported to EH&S within 8 hours. Decontamination/Waste Disposal ProcedureWearing proper PPE, decontaminate equipment and bench tops using procedures done in cooperation with site EHS&S. Dispose of any pyrophoric and water reactive waste materials and any other disposables contaminated with these materials as hazardous waste.NOTE: Lab-specific information on decontamination/waste disposal may be included in the Protocol/Procedure section. See the EH&S Fact Sheet, “Hazardous Waste Management” for general instructions on procedures for disposing of hazardous waste.. Label WasteLabel all containers with the label provided at . See the EH&S Fact Sheet, “Hazardous Waste Management” for general instructions on procedures for disposing of hazardous waste.Store Waste Store hazardous waste using procedures done in cooperation with site EH&S.Waste must be under the control of the person generating & disposing of itDispose of WasteDispose of regularly generated chemical waste within 6 monthsCall EH&S for questions Empty ContainersDispose as hazardous waste if it once held extremely hazardous waste (irrespective of the container size) Consult waste pick-up schedule Prepare for transport to pick-up locationCheck on-line waste tagWrite date of pick-up on the waste tagUse secondary containmentDispose of regularly generated chemical waste within 6 monthsCall EH&S for questions Safety Data Sheet (SDS) LocationSDS can be accessed online at detailed information on properties, safe handling procedures, methods of synthesis, analysis, and reactivity, see: Handbook of Methyl Grignard Reagents G. Silverman and P. Rakita, ed., Marcel Dekker, 1996, 736 pp.For detailed information on safe handling of air sensitive reagents, see: for Methyl Grignard Reagents CAS #(s): 75-16-1, 676-58-4, 917-64-6PreparationEliminate incompatible materials from potential spill area.Know the location of the nearest fire extinguisher, eyewash, and safety shower before beginning work.Never work alone. Make sure there is another worker present who is also trained on the Methyl Grignard Reagents SOP.Use spark-proof and explosion proof equipment.Lab-specific InformationHandle under nitrogen and protect from moisture. Avoid extreme temperatures and direct sunlight.Procedure/UseScaleEngineering Controls/EquipmentPPE (eye, face, gloves, clothing)Procedure Steps and Special Precautions for this ProcedureNucleophilic addition into carbonyl groups or as a baseUp to 15 mL by syringe.Use cannula transfer if greater than 15 mLAll work using Methyl Grignard Reagents must be performed in a ventilated fume hood with a chemical resistant surface.Eliminate ignition sources such as open flames, hot surfaces, steam baths, static electricity, and operation of mechanical and electrical equipment that is not intrinsically safe.Eye protection: Wear tight-fitting safety goggles or safety glasses with side shields.Face protection: Wear a face shield when not protected by a lab hood sash Gloves: Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands after use.Clothing: Wear fire/flame resistant lab coat (100% cotton based); cotton based clothing/attire; full length pants or equivalent; and close-toed, close-heeled shoes.There are two options for the handling of Methyl Grignard reagents. The first option is the use of a syringe and needle, the second is to transfer using a cannula. For smaller amounts of reagent, the preferred technique is to use a syringe and needle, while a cannula transfer is safer and more practical for amounts >15 mL. See .com/ etc/medialib/docs/Aldrich/Bulletin/ altechbullal134.Par.0001.File.tmp/al_techbull_al134.pdf for a detailed procedure on proper Schlenk technique. Proper syringe/needle transfer is as follows: All glassware and solvents should be dried prior to the treatment with any Methyl Grignard reagent. Flame-dried glassware which has been cooled under an inert atmosphere just before use is ideal. Upon charging a dry flask with dry reagents/solvents and reaching the desired temperature, the appropriate Methyl Grignard reagent can be added. The Methyl Grignard reagent is contained in a Sure-Seal bottle, the septum of which can be pierced by clean, dry needle fitted to a Schlenk line which is supplying an inert gas. If the bottle does not have a Sure-Seal, seal off the top of the bottle with a septum. This line is used to keep the reagent under a blanket of inert gas during the entire process. The inert gas flow is adjusted by monitoring of the oil bubbler on the Schlenk line. A clean, dry reagent needle (<16 gauge) with the appropriate size syringe is used to pierce the septum and inert gas is drawn in to the syringe, then the needle is removed and the gas inside is expelled to the atmosphere. This process is repeated several times, piercing the same hole in the septum, to remove most air from the needle and syringe. Upon purging the needle appropriately, the tip is submerged below the level of reagent and the required amount is drawn up into the syringe. Be careful to hold the end of the plunger as well as the joint where the needle and syringe meet. If either of these comes apart the reagent will come out.Once the desired amount of Methyl Grignard reagent has been drawn into the syringe, the tip of the needle is pulled above the level of reagent, and the plunger is pulled out slightly to draw a blanket of inert gas into the needle. The needle is then removed from the reagent bottle and quickly pierced into the septum of the reaction flask. At this point, the Methyl Grignard reagent is dispensed, usually slowly to control heat evolution. Be careful to hold the needle and syringe together, as applying force to dispense the reagent can cause them to separate and expose the reagent to moisture. Once the addition of reagent is complete, the needle can be removed from the reaction flask. The excess reactive reagent can be expelled into a beaker of sand or onto a chunk of dry ice. After the excess reagent has been expelled, the needle can be rinsed with hexanes multiple times, then water. Clean the needle immediately after use to prevent clogging. To close the reagent bottle, simultaneously place a piece of tape over the hole formed by the needle while removing it from the bottle. This should seal the bottle and keep air and/or moisture from entering. Replace the cap and wrap the outside with parafilm to further ensure safe storage. NotesAny deviation from this SOP requires approval from PI.Initials of individuals using this procedureDocumentation of Training (signature of all users is required)Prior to conducting any work with Methyl Grignard Reagents designated personnel must provide training to his/her laboratory personnel specific to the hazards involved in working with this substance, work area decontamination, and emergency procedures. The Principal Investigator must provide his/her laboratory personnel with a copy of this SOP and a copy of the SDS provided by the manufacturer. The Principal Investigator must ensure that his/her laboratory personnel have attended appropriate laboratory safety training or refresher training within the last one year. 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