Bienvenidos a lasclases de la Sra. Mardos - Teacher ...



Realidades 2

Capítulo 7B

Los Mandatos con Usted (Ud.) and Ustedes (Uds.) y un Repaso de los Mandatos con Tú

I. First, let’s review the object pronouns - reflexive, indirect, and direct.

A. Reflexive Pronouns / Los Pronombres Reflexivos

These pronouns are required every time you use a reflexive verb. In Spanish, the reflexive verb implies the subject does the action to himself.

me myself nos ourselves

te yourself (familiar singular) os yourselves (familiar plural, used in Spain)

se himself, herself, oneself, se themselves, yourselves (polite plural)

itself, yourself (polite singular)

B. Indirect Object Pronouns / Los Complementos Indirectos

Indirect objects ask the questions To whom? or For whom?

me to (for) me nos to (for) us

te to (for) you (familiar singular) os to (for) you (familiar plural)

le to (for) him, her, it, you (polite les to (for) them, you (polite plural)

singular)

C. Direct Object Pronouns / Los Complementos Directos

Direct objects ask the questions What? or Whom?

me me

te you (familiar singular)

lo it (mas.), him, you (polite singular, mas.)

la it ( fem.), her, you (polite singular, fem.)

II. Let’s look at the rules of the commands with Tú as this information is basic to helping you to understand

the commands with Usted and Ustedes which you will learn in this chapter.

• Remember that the regular Tú commands use the third person singular (él, ella, Usted) of the present indicative.

• Remember Tú (you) is used to address a person you know well – a family member, a friend, etc.

• Review the information you have recently studied concerning the irregular affirmative Tú commands and the negative Tú commands.

[pic]

See page 356 in your text!! Go to and use web code jdd-0704.

III. Let’s take this a step further – Usted and Ustedes commands.

• Remember Usted (you) is used to address someone you do NOT know or to show respect to an older person.

• Remember Ustedes (you, you all) is used to address TWO or more people, y’all!! (

[pic]

See page 382 in your text!! Go to and use web code jdd-0713.

A. Verbs that follow the basic rules of command formation.

Spanish

Infinitive |Affirmative

Tú Command

Remember

To use the 3rd person singular (él, ella, Usted) of the present indicative. |English |1st Person

Singular

Present Indicative | Negative

Tú

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular present indicative (YO), and in its place add ES for AR verbs, and AS for ER and IR verbs. |English |Affirmative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add E for AR verbs, and add A for ER and IR verbs. |English | Negative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add E for AR verbs, and add A for ER and IR verbs. |English |Affirmative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add EN for AR verbs, and add AN for ER and IR verbs. |English |Negative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add EN for AR verbs, and add AN for ER and IR verbs. |English | |hablar |habla |talk, |hablo |no hables |don’t

talk |hable |talk |no hable |don’t talk |hablen |talk |no hablen |don’t talk | |escuchar | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |dejar | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |parar | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |quitar | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |tratar

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Spanish

Infinitive |Affirmative

Tú Command

Remember

To use the 3rd person singular (él, ella, Usted) of the present indicative. |English |1st Person

Singular

Present Indicative | Negative

Tú

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular present indicative (YO), and in its place add ES for AR verbs, and AS for ER and IR verbs. |English |Affirmative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add E for AR verbs, and add A for ER and IR verbs. |English | Negative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add E for AR verbs, and add A for ER and IR verbs. |English |Affirmative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add EN for AR verbs, and add AN for ER and IR verbs. |English |Negative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add EN for AR verbs, and add AN for ER and IR verbs. |English | |hablar |habla |talk, |hablo |no hables |don’t

talk |hable |talk |no hable |don’t talk |hablen |talk |no hablen |don’t talk | |recordar

(ue) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |contar

(ue) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |pensar

(ie) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |acostarse

(ue) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |levantarse

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Spanish

Infinitive |Affirmative

Tú Command

Remember

To use the 3rd person singular (él, ella, Usted) of the present indicative. |English |1st Person

Singular

Present Indicative | Negative

Tú

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular present indicative (YO), and in its place add ES for AR verbs, and AS for ER and IR verbs. |English |Affirmative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add E for AR verbs, and add A for ER and IR verbs. |English | Negative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add E for AR verbs, and add A for ER and IR verbs. |English |Affirmative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add EN for AR verbs, and add AN for ER and IR verbs. |English |Negative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add EN for AR verbs, and add AN for ER and IR verbs. |English | |hablar |habla |talk, |hablo |no hables |don’t

talk |hable |talk |no hable |don’t talk |hablen |talk |no hablen |don’t talk | |aprender | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |leer | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |correr | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ofrecer

(zc) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |obedecer

(zc) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Spanish

Infinitive |Affirmative

Tú Command

Remember

To use the 3rd person singular (él, ella, Usted) of the present indicative. |English |1st Person

Singular

Present Indicative | Negative

Tú

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular present indicative (YO), and in its place add ES for AR verbs, and AS for ER and IR verbs. |English |Affirmative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add E for AR verbs, and add A for ER and IR verbs. |English | Negative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add E for AR verbs, and add A for ER and IR verbs. |English |Affirmative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add EN for AR verbs, and add AN for ER and IR verbs. |English |Negative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add EN for AR verbs, and add AN for ER and IR verbs. |English | |hablar |habla |talk, |hablo |no hables |don’t

talk |hable |talk |no hable |don’t talk |hablen |talk |no hablen |don’t talk | |mover

(ue) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |volver

(ue) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |aplaudir | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |asistir | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |divertirse

(ie) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Spanish

Infinitive |Affirmative

Tú Command

Remember

To use the 3rd person singular (él, ella, Usted) of the present indicative. |English |1st Person

Singular

Present Indicative | Negative

Tú

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular present indicative (YO), and in its place add ES for AR verbs, and AS for ER and IR verbs. |English |Affirmative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add E for AR verbs, and add A for ER and IR verbs. |English | Negative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add E for AR verbs, and add A for ER and IR verbs. |English |Affirmative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add EN for AR verbs, and add AN for ER and IR verbs. |English |Negative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add EN for AR verbs, and add AN for ER and IR verbs. |English | |hablar |habla |talk, |hablo |no hables |don’t

talk |hable |talk |no hable |don’t talk |hablen |talk |no hablen |don’t talk | |pedir

(i) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |seguir

(i) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |vestirse

(i) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |dormirse

(ue) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |destruir

(y) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

B. Some “GO” verbs that are irregular only in the affirmative Tú command.

Spanish

Infinitive |Affirmative

Tú Command

|English |1st Person

Singular

Present Indicative | Negative

Tú

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular present indicative (YO), and in its place add AS. |English |Affirmative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add A.. |English | Negative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add A.. |English |Affirmative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add AN. |English |Negative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the O of the 1st person singular of the present indicative (YO), and in its place add AN. |English | |poner |pon |put

place

set |pongo |no pongas |don’t

put. |ponga |put

place

set |no ponga |don’t put |pongan |put

place

set |no pongan |don’t put | |tener

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |decir | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |hacer | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |salir | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |venir | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

C. Some verbs have irregular command forms and you learn them as you go along. (

Spanish

Infinitive |Affirmative

Tú Command |English | Negative

Tú

Command

|English |Affirmative

Usted

Command

. |English | Negative

Usted

Command

|English |Affirmative

Ustedes

Command

|English |Negative

Ustedes

Command

|English | |dar | | |

| | | | | | | | |

| |estar | | |

| | | | | | | |

| | |ir | | |

| | | | | | | |

| | |ser | | |

| | | | | | | |

| | |

D. -CAR Verbs

Spanish

Infinitive |Affirmative

Tú Command

Remember

To use the 3rd person singular (él, ella, Usted) of the present indicative. |English | Negative

Tú

Command

Remember the C changes to QUES. |English |Affirmative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the S of the negative Tú command. |English | Negative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the S of the negative Tú command. |English |Affirmative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the S of the negative Tú command and add N. |English |Negative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the S of the negative Tú command and add N. |English | |picar |pica |chop |no piques

|don’t

chop |pique |chop |no pique

|don’t chop |piquen |chop |no piquen |don’t chop | |buscar | | |

| |

| | | | | | | | |chocar

| | |

| |

| | | | | | | | |secarse | | |

| |

| | | | | | | | |

E. –GAR Verbs

Spanish

Infinitive |Affirmative

Tú Command

Remember

To use the 3rd person singular (él, ella, Usted) of the present indicative. |English | Negative

Tú

Command

Remember the G changes to GUES. |English |Affirmative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the S of the negative Tú command. |English | Negative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the S of the negative Tú command. |English |Affirmative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the S of the negative Tú command and add N. |English |Negative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the S of the negative Tú command and add N. |English | |pagar |paga |pay |no pagues

|don’t

pay |pague |pay |no pague

|don’t pay |paguen |pay |no paguen |don’t pay | |apagar | | |

| |

| | | | | | | | |jugar

(ue)

| | |

| |

| | | | | | | | |llegar | | |

| |

| | | | | | | | |

F. –ZAR Verbs

Spanish

Infinitive |Affirmative

Tú Command

Remember

To use the 3rd person singular (él, ella, Usted) of the present indicative. |English | Negative

Tú

Command

Remember the Z changes to CES. |English |Affirmative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the S of the negative Tú command. |English | Negative

Usted

Command

Remember to drop the S of the negative Tú command. |English |Affirmative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the S of the negative Tú command and add N. |English |Negative

Ustedes

Command

Remember to drop the S of the negative Tú command and add N. |English | |empezar

(ie) |empieza |begin, |no empieces

|don’t

begin |empiece |begin |no empiece

|don’t begin |empiecen |begin |no empiecen |don’t begin | |comenzar

(ie) | | |

| |

| | | | | | | | |tropezar

(ie)

| | |

| |

| | | | | | | | |cruzar | | |

| |

| | | | | | | | |

[pic]



• To review irregular affirmative commands, use web code jdd-0315.

• To review negative Tú commands, use web code jdd-0704.

• To review Ud. and Uds. commands, use web code jdd-0713.

-----------------------

nos us

os you (familiar plural)

los them (masculine), you (polite plural, masculine)

las them (feminine), you (polite plural, feminine)

1

[pic]

See page 168 in your text!! Go to , and use web code jdd-0315.

2

3

2

4

IV. Now that you understand the concepts of the commands, let’s put our knowledge to the test!! ( Complete the following chart. Remember if you have an object pronoun (reflexive, indirect, direct), it will be attached to the end of the affirmative command (don’t forget the accent if the command has 2 syllables or more), and it is placed before the negative command. Write small!!

7

5

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Note that the verbs in this packet are placed into families or categories of verbs, that is to say the verbs in that family or category follow the same rules of Spanish command formation. The intention is that this will help you to learn the Spanish command forms easier and faster. (

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