World History - Black



World History 9.2 Patterns of Change

Drill: Textile Industry & Entrepreneurs

Textile Industry: produced cotton and other cloth products

Entrepreneurs: provided organization and management skills and took financial risks in developing new businesses

Objectives: Students will be able to describe the social and economic effects of industrialization by analyzing show how Manchester exemplified the new industrial city.

Notes: industrialization changes society

1. Poor city dwellers: because no plans, sanitary codes, or building regulations controlled the rampant growth of English cities, the poor lacked adequate housing and many were forced to live in dark, filthy, overcrowded slums under very unhealthy and unsafe conditions.

2. Factory workers: because factory owners wanted to keep their machines running for as many hours a day as possible, workers were forced to work long hours for starvation wages, often under dangerous and unhealthy conditions; later, working conditions and the standard of living improved.

3.Wealthy merchants, factory owners, shippers: they gained wealth and status in society and joined a growing middle class of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and well-to-do farmers.

4. Children: as young as six began to work in factories with their families for long hours under brutal conditions; child labor laws later brought some reforms.

5. Lower middle class of factory overseers and skilled workers: they enjoyed a comfortable standard of living.

6. Large landowners and aristocrats : because some factory owners, merchants, and investment bankers grew wealthier, they lost some status, respect, and power but continued to look down on those who gained wealth in business.

Consequences of the Industrial Revolution

1. The environment: the environment was polluted and natural resources were depleted.

2. Educational opportunities expanded in response to a need for skilled and professional workers.

World History 9.2 Patterns of Change:

1. b, c, e

2. a, b, c, e

3. a, b, d

BCR1: Industrialization benefited the most: entrepreneurs. They made a great deal of money, led basically pleasant lives enjoying the benefits of industrialization and what it made available to them, and occupied a comfortable social position as part of the new middle class. Industrialization benefitted the following the least: children of the poor. They were forced to risk their lives working under dangerous

conditions in factories and mines for very long hours at very low wages.

BCR2 Industrialization led to urbanization (the movement of people to the cities) and the expansion of a middle class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers.

GEOGRAPHY APPLICATION

1. Liverpool; Nottingham

2. They must have a fleet of boats.

3. Plymouth and Norwich; Plymouth

4. Most of the people in 1750 live in the south and west of England. In 1850 they move to the north and west. The enclosure movement caused many English to be unemployed. The factories, located in the north and west, provided employment. As a result, many people moved to these locations.

5. 150 miles

6. 205,000; The population grew by approximately 1,355,000.

7. The people who owned the factories wanted to be near the source of energy because it saved them time and money. They did not have to transport the coal to their factories over great distances. The coal simply had to be carried into the factories right from the mines.

Summary: In today’s lesson we were able to describe the social and economic effects of industrialization and show how Manchester exemplified the new industrial city.

Homework: Urbanization & Middle Class

Urbanization: the movement of people to the cities)

Middle Class: made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers.

Name ___________________________________________________Period_______________

World History 9.2 Patterns of Change:

Terms and Names:

1.Place a check mark in front of each of the following that IMPROVED as an early result of the Industrial Revolution. ______ a. factory working conditions ______ b. the quality of clothing ______ c. the average person’s diet ______ d. the sanitary conditions in cities ______ e. transportation

2. Place a check mark in front of each of the following that INCREASED as an early result of the Industrial Revolution. ______ a. urbanization ______ b. the size of the middle class ______ c. the length of the average work day ______ d. the life expectancy of the average worker ______ e. the availability of what had been considered luxury items

3. Place a check mark in front of each of the following that eventually IMPROVED as a result of the Industrial Revolution. ______ a. living conditions for the average worker ______ b. educational opportunities ______ c. preservation of the environment ______ d. affordability of consumer goods

BCR1. Critical Thinking Briefly answer the following question. Think about all of the various groups of people who were involved in the Industrial Revolution, from rural aristocrats to skilled workers to the children of the poor. What one group would you say benefited the most from the Industrial Revolution in the short term? What one group would you say benefited the least? Support your opinions.

BCR2. Recognizing Main Ideas define urbanization and middle class and explain how these terms relate to industrialization.

GEOGRAPHY APPLICATION: MOVEMENT

British Population Moves to the Cities Directions: Read the paragraphs below and study the maps and graph carefully. Then answer the questions that follow.

Britain’s richest coal-fields are in the central and northern regions of the country. This geographic fact caused a major shift in Britain’s population between 1750 and 1850. Coal was found to be the most efficient way to power the new steam engine. As a result, many new industries and factories moved to be near the sources of energy. Soon, coal-fired steam engines powered the iron foundries, textile factories, and railroads of northern Britain. Industrialization also required a large labor force. The enclosure movement, in which wealthy landowners bought out small farms and forced these people out of their livelihood, provided a ready supply of workers. As a result, masses of people moved to the industrial cities to find jobs.

C [pic] 1760–1881

Interpreting Text and Visuals

1. Of the cities shown on the bar graph, which one had the largest population increase between 1760 and 1881? the smallest?

2. What mode of transportation did all English companies have to have in order to transport their goods to Europe?

3. Which two cities appear to have missed out on the Industrial Revolution in England? Which one probably even lost population between 1750 and 1850?

4. Where was most of the English population living in 1750? in 1850? What caused this major population shift?

5. If you are a factory owner in Sheffield and your workers have just completed an order of clothes, about how many miles would you have to travel to sell them in London?

6. What is the approximate total population of the five cities on the chart in 1760? How much didthat total population increase by 1881?

7. Why do you think it is important for factories and mills to be near their sources of energy?

Summarize today’s lesson.

CHAPTER 9

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