Julius and Ethel Rosenberg - PBworks



The Bell Jar CoursepackSylvia Plath BiographyPlath was born in _________________, ______________________ in _______. She began drawing and writing at an early age and most of her literary works are considered to be extremely _____________________ in nature. When she was eight years old, her ______________ died, leaving her under the care of her _______________ and ______________________. She eventually graduated from Smith College in 1955, and met her future husband, British poet, ______________________, whom she married in 1956. They had two children together and lived very poorly as two struggling writers. At this time, women were supposed to be __________________, and Plath had a difficult time adjusting her life as a mother, wife, and homemaker, with that of her dream to be a writer. Because of his affairs, she and her husband separated in ______, and she went to London, where she rented the old apartment of __________ __________ ________. The Bell Jar was published in ______________ of 1963, and it was received with ____________ _____________. Plath had been suffering from chronic depression for several years, and that, as well as the stress with the new book publishing, the struggles of being a poor, single mother, and the cold, wet winter (the coldest since 1813-14) led Plath to ________________ _________________ on February 11th, 1963. The novel is considered to be a somewhat autobiographical work portraying her life in _______, after accepting an internship with ____________________ ____________________ in New York City. It entails her subsequent _________________ _________________, her struggles with gender expectations, and her time at a mental institution. At the beginning of the story, ____________________________________________________, a couple convicted of treason, were being sentence to death by electrocution for passing secrets to the _______________ ______________ during a time of war. Julius and Ethel RosenbergBackground InformationJulius/Ethel Rosenberg and their trial/execution: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Judge Kaufman's Statement Upon Sentencing the RosenbergsCitizens of this country who betray their fellow-countrymen can be under none of the delusions about the benignity of Soviet power that they might have been prior to World War II. The nature of Russian terrorism is now self-evident. Idealism as a rational dissolves . . . I consider your crime worse than murder. Plain deliberate contemplated murder is dwarfed in magnitude by comparison with the crime you have committed. In committing the act of murder, the criminal kills only his victim. The immediate family is brought to grief and when justice is meted out the chapter is closed. But in your case, I believe your conduct in putting into the hands of the Russians the A-bomb years before our best scientists predicted Russia would perfect the bomb has already caused, in my opinion, the Communist aggression in Korea, with the resultant casualties exceeding 50,000 and who knows but that millions more of innocent people may pay the price of your treason. Indeed, by your betrayal you undoubtedly have altered the course of history to the disadvantage of our country. No one can say that we do not live in a constant state of tension. We have evidence of your treachery all around us every day--for the civilian defense activities throughout the nation are aimed at preparing us for an atom bomb attack. Nor can it be said in mitigation of the offense that the power which set the conspiracy in motion and profited from it was not openly hostile to the United States at the time of the conspiracy. If this was your excuse the error of your ways in setting yourselves above our properly constituted authorities and the decision of those authorities not to share the information with Russia must now be obvious . . . In the light of this, I can only conclude that the defendants entered into this most serious conspiracy against their country with full realization of its implications . . . The statute of which the defendants at the bar stand convicted is clear. I have previously stated my view that the verdict of guilty was amply justified by the evidence. In the light of the circumstances, I feel that I must pass such sentence upon the principals in this diabolical conspiracy to destroy a God-fearing nation, which will demonstrate with finality that this nation's security must remain inviolate; that traffic in military secrets, whether promoted by slavish devotion to a foreign ideology or by a desire for monetary gains must cease. The evidence indicated quite clearly that Julius Rosenberg was the prime mover in this conspiracy. However, let no mistake be made about the role which his wife, Ethel Rosenberg, played in this conspiracy. Instead of deterring him from pursuing his ignoble cause, she encouraged and assisted the cause. She was a mature woman--almost three years older than her husband and almost seven years older than her younger brother. She was a full-fledged partner in this crime. Indeed the defendants Julius and Ethel Rosenberg placed their devotion to their cause above their own personal safety and were conscious that they were sacrificing their own children, should their misdeeds be detected--all of which did not deter them from pursuing their course. Love for their cause dominated their lives--it was even greater than their love for their children.Eisenhower's statement The last hope of reprieve for the Rosenbergs vanished early this afternoon when President Eisenhower rejected a final appeal for clemency shortly after the Supreme Court had set aside the stay of execution granted by Justice Douglas, one of its own members on Monday. The President's decision was announced in the following statement from the White House: "Since the original review of proceedings in the Rosenberg case by the Supreme Court of the United States, the courts have considered numerous further proceedings challenging the Rosenbergs conviction and the sentencing involved. Within the last two days, the Supreme Court convened in a special session and reviewed a further point which one of the justices felt the Rosenbergs should have an opportunity to present. This morning the Supreme Court ruled that there was no substance to this point. I am convinced that the only conclusion to be drawn from the history of this case is that the Rosenbergs have received the benefits of every safeguard which American justice can provide. There is no question in my mind that their original trial and the long series of appeals constitute the fullest measure of justice and due process of law. Throughout the innumerable complications and technicalities of this case no Judge has ever expressed any doubt that they committed most serious acts of espionage. Accordingly, only most extraordinary circumstances would warrant Executive intervention in the case. I am not unmindful of the fact that this case has aroused grave concern both here and abroad in the minds of serious people aside from the considerations of law. In this connection I can only say that, by immeasurably increasing the chances of atomic war, the Rosenbergs may have condemned to death tens of millions of innocent people all over the world. The execution of two human beings is a grave matter. But even graver is the thought of millions of dead, whose death may be directly attributable to what these spies have done. When democracy's enemies have been judged guilty of a crime as horrible as that of which the Rosenbergs were convicted: when the legal processes of democracy have been marshalled to their maximum strength to protect the lives of convicted spies: when in their most solemn judgement the tribunals of the United States has adjudged them guilty and the sentence just. I will not intervene in this matter. "“Professions for Women”Sylvia PlathWhen your secretary invited me to come here, she told me that your Society is concerned with the employment of women and she suggested that I might tell you something about my own professional experiences. It is true I am a woman; it is true I am employed; but what professional experiences have I had? It is difficult to say. My profession is literature; and in that profession there are fewer experiences for women than in any other, with the exception of the stage--fewer, I mean, that are peculiar to women. For the road was cut many years ago--by Fanny Burney, by Aphra Behn, by Harriet Martineau, by Jane Austen, by George Eliot--many famous women, and many more unknown and forgotten, have been before me, making the path smooth, and regulating my steps. Thus, when I came to write, there were very few material obstacles in my way. Writing was a reputable and harmless occupation. The family peace was not broken by the scratching of a pen. No demand was made upon the family purse. For ten and sixpence one can buy paper enough to write all the plays of Shakespeare--if one has a mind that way. Pianos and models, Paris, Vienna and Berlin, masters and mistresses, are not needed by a writer. The cheapness of writing paper is, of course, the reason why women have succeeded as writers before they have succeeded in the other professions.?But to tell you my story--it is a simple one. You have only got to figure to yourselves a girl in a bedroom with a pen in her hand. She had only to move that pen from left to right--from ten o'clock to one. Then it occurred to her to do what is simple and cheap enough after all--to slip a few of those pages into an envelope, fix a penny stamp in the corner, and drop the envelope into the red box at the corner. It was thus that I became a journalist; and my effort was rewarded on the first day of the following month--a very glorious day it was for me--by a letter from an editor containing a cheque for one pound ten shillings and sixpence. But to show you how little I deserve to be called a professional woman, how little I know of the struggles and difficulties of such lives, I have to admit that instead of spending that sum upon bread and butter, rent, shoes and stockings, or butcher's bills, I went out and bought a cat--a beautiful cat, a Persian cat, which very soon involved me in bitter disputes with my neighbours.?What could be easier than to write articles and to buy Persian cats with the profits? But wait a moment. Articles have to be about something. Mine, I seem to remember, was about a novel by a famous man. And while I was writing this review, I discovered that if I were going to review books I should need to do battle with a certain phantom. And the phantom was a woman, and when I came to know her better I called her after the heroine of a famous poem, The Angel in the House. It was she who used to come between me and my paper when I was writing reviews. It was she who bothered me and wasted my time and so tormented me that at last I killed her. You who come of a younger and happier generation may not have heard of her--you may not know what I mean by the Angel in the House. I will describe her as shortly as I can. She was intensely sympathetic. She was immensely charming. She was utterly unselfish. She excelled in the difficult arts of family life. She sacrificed herself daily. If there was chicken, she took the leg; if there was a draught she sat in it--in short she was so constituted that she never had a mind or a wish of her own, but preferred to sympathize always with the minds and wishes of others. Above all--I need not say it---she was pure. Her purity was supposed to be her chief beauty--her blushes, her great grace. In those days--the last of Queen Victoria--every house had its Angel. And when I came to write I encountered her with the very first words. The shadow of her wings fell on my page; I heard the rustling of her skirts in the room. Directly, that is to say, I took my pen in my hand to review that novel by a famous man, she slipped behind me and whispered: "My dear, you are a young woman. You are writing about a book that has been written by a man. Be sympathetic; be tender; flatter; deceive; use all the arts and wiles of our sex. Never let anybody guess that you have a mind of your own. Above all, be pure." And she made as if to guide my pen. I now record the one act for which I take some credit to myself, though the credit rightly belongs to some excellent ancestors of mine who left me a certain sum of money--shall we say five hundred pounds a year?--so that it was not necessary for me to depend solely on charm for my living. I turned upon her and caught her by the throat. I did my best to kill her. My excuse, if I were to be had up in a court of law, would be that I acted in self-defence. Had I not killed her she would have killed me. She would have plucked the heart out of my writing. For, as I found, directly I put pen to paper, you cannot review even a novel without having a mind of your own, without expressing what you think to be the truth about human relations, morality, sex. And all these questions, according to the Angel of the House, cannot be dealt with freely and openly by women; they must charm, they must conciliate, they must--to put it bluntly--tell lies if they are to succeed. Thus, whenever I felt the shadow of her wing or the radiance of her halo upon my page, I took up the inkpot and flung it at her. She died hard. Her fictitious nature was of great assistance to her. It is far harder to kill a phantom than a reality. She was always creeping back when I thought I had despatched her. Though I flatter myself that I killed her in the end, the struggle was severe; it took much time that had better have been spent upon learning Greek grammar; or in roaming the world in search of adventures. But it was a real experience; it was an experience that was bound to befall all women writers at that time. Killing the Angel in the House was part of the occupation of a woman writer.Discussion QuestionsExplain what Plath’s “Angel in the House” symbolizes. Why does she call it an angel?Why would a female writer in her place have this kind of problem?Do you feel as though you sometimes have a similar “angel” holding your voice back?The Old Gray Wrapper HabitEmily Post – EtiquetteHow many times has one heard some one say: "I won't dress for dinner—no one is coming in." Or, "That old dress will do!" Old clothes! No manners! And what is the result? One wife more wonders why her husband neglects her! Curious how the habit of careless manners and the habit of old clothes go together. If you doubt it, put the question to yourself: "Who could possibly have the manners of a queen in a gray flannel wrapper?" And how many women really lovely and good—especially good—commit esthetic suicide by letting themselves slide down to where they "feel natural" in an old gray flannel wrapper, not only actually but mentally.The woman of charm in "company" is the woman of fastidiousness at home; she who dresses for her children and "prinks" for her husband's home-coming, is sure to greet them with greater charm than she who thinks whatever she happens to have on is "good enough." Any old thing good enough for those she loves most! Think of it!A certain very lovely lady whose husband is quite as much her lover as in the days of his courtship, has never in twenty years allowed him to watch the progress of her toilet, because of her determination never to let him see her except at her prettiest. Needless to say, he never meets anything but "prettiest" manners either. No matter how "out of sorts" she may be feeling, his key in the door is a signal for her to "put aside everything that is annoying or depressing," with the result that wild horses couldn't drag his attention from her—all because neither she nor he has ever slumped into the gray flannel wrapper habit.So many people save up all their troubles to pour on the one they most love, the idea being, seemingly, that no reserves are necessary between lovers. Nor need there be really. But why, when their house looks out upon a garden that has charming vistas, must she insist on his looking into the clothes-yard and the ash-can? She who complains incessantly that this is wrong, or that hurts, or any other thing worries or vexes her, so that his inevitable answer to her greeting is, "I'm so sorry, dear," or "That's too bad," or "Poor darling, it's a shame," is getting mentally into a gray flannel wrapper!If something is seriously wrong, if she is really ill, that is different. But of the petty things that are only remembered in order to be told to gain sympathy—beware!There is a big deposit of sympathy in the bank of love, but don't draw out little sums every hour or so—so that by and by, when perhaps you need it badly, it is all drawn out and you yourself don't know how or on what it was spent.All that has been said to warn a wife from slovenly habits of mind or dress may be adapted to apply with equal force in suggesting a rule for husbands. A man should always remember that a woman's regard for him is founded on her impressions when seeing him at his best. Even granting that she has no great illusions about men in general, he at his best is at least an approximation to her ideal—and it is his chief duty never to fall below the standard he set for himself in making his most cogent appeal. Consequently he should continue through the years to be scrupulous about his personal appearance and his clothes, remembering the adage that the most successful marriages are those in which both parties to the contract succeed in "keeping up the illusion." It is of importance also that he refrain from burdening his wife with the cares and worries of his business day. Many writers insist that the wife should be ready to receive a complete consignment of all his troubles when the husband comes home at the end of the day. It is a sounder practise for him to save her as much as possible from the trials of his business hours; and, incidentally, it is the best kind of mental training for him to put all business cares behind him as he closes the door of his office and goes home. When it is said that a husband should not fling all the day's trifling annoyances into the lap of his wife without reflecting that she may have some cares of her own, there is no intention to indicate that a wife should not have a thorough understanding of her husband's affairs. Complete acquaintance and sympathy with his work is one of the foundation stones of the domestic edifice.Discussion QuestionsWhat does Ms. Post mean when she says that people are supposed to be “keeping up the illusion” in their marriages? Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Why?In what ways do you keep up illusions in your own life? Short Answer Questions - Chapter 11. What national event is Esther concerned with as the book opens?2. Why is Esther living in New York City in the summer of 1953?3. Which of the girls at the Amazon does Esther spend the most time with?4. What trait makes Esther admire Jay Cee?5. What nickname does Doreen give Betsy?6. Why does Esther like Doreen?7. What keeps Esther and Doreen from attending the magazine party?8. Why does Esther hope she will be paired up with Lenny instead of Frankie?9. Why does Esther order vodka at the bar?10. What does Esther tell Frankie her name is?11. What is Lenny Shepherd famous for?12. Doreen tells Lenny she will go to his apartment only if---Short Answer Questions - Chapter 21. What does Lenny's apartment look like to Esther?2. What does Esther do as Lenny and Doreen dance?3. Which of the following best describes Lenny and Doreen's dancing?4. How does Esther get from Lenny's apartment to the Amazon?5. Why is Esther's room full of smoke when she returns home from Lenny's apartment?6. Why does Esther feel depressed when she returns to the Amazon?7. Who has Mrs. Willard promised to introduce Esther to in New York City?8. What does Esther do to help herself feel better after the botched night with Doreen and Lenny?9. What wakes Esther up later in the night?10. Why won't Esther let Doreen come into her room when she returns from Lenny's?11. Why does Doreen vomit on the carpet of the hotel hallway?12. What does Esther find outside of her door the morning after Doreen came home drunk?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 31. What sorts of foods does Esther say she likes the best?2. Who is missing from the Ladies' Day luncheon?3. Who helped foster Esther's appreciation for fine food?4. What "trick" do Betsy, Hilda and the other girls learn at the fur show?5. Why doesn't Esther attend the fur show?6. What does Jay Cee suggest that Esther do to distinguish herself from other women applying to be magazine editors?7. What course does Esther convince her college dean to exempt her from taking?8. What grade does Esther earn in her physics class?9. Why is Esther afraid of taking chemistry?10. What does Esther do while Mr. Manzi is lecturing in chemistry class?11. Why does Mr. Manzi like Esther so much?12. What disheartens Esther the most about Jay Cee's suggestions for bolstering her career?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 41. What does Jay Cee give Esther as she leaves for her lunch date with the two authors?2. What did Esther do the first time she saw a finger bowl?3. Why does Esther leave the movie premiere?4. What does Esther think caused her sickness?5. What does the Ladies' Day magazine staff send to the girls as gifts?6. Who is the only girl working at the magazine who does not get sick?7. How does Ladies' Day determine what causes the girls' sickness?8. How does Doreen avoid getting food poisoning?9. With whom does Esther ride back to the Amazon after leaving the movie premiere?10. Who is Philomena Guinea?11. What is Esther's opinion of the movie she and the other girls are invited to see?12. Who comes to rescue Esther when she passes out in the bathroom of the Amazon?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 51. Who calls Esther early the morning after she became sick with food poisoning?2. Why does Esther say she would never marry Buddy Willard?3. What is keeping Esther from telling Buddy that she has no intention of marrying him?4. What faux pas does Esther make with the bellman when she first arrives at the Amazon?5. How does Buddy characterize poetry?6. Why is Esther disturbed by Buddy's view of poetry?7. Where do Buddy and Esther go after the Yale Junior Prom?8. How often does Buddy commit to seeing Esther once they begin dating?9. When does Esther say she found out Buddy was a hypocrite?10. How does Esther know Buddy?11. Why does Esther take her history book with her when she receives the phone call that Buddy is at her dorm?12. What does Esther do to offend the driver of the first cab she rides in?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 61. How does Esther feel about the cadavers that Buddy shows her?2. Why has a medical student been assigned to deliver the woman's baby on the day Esther and Buddy visit the hospital?3. What disturbs Esther about the drug that the birthing mother is given?4. What trait does Buddy have that Esther thinks would make him a good teacher?5. What does Buddy tell Esther she should get used to seeing?6. Why is Esther shocked when Buddy tells her he is not a virgin?7. How many times did Buddy have sex with the waitress from Cape Cod?8. Why does Esther resolve to "ditch Buddy Willard for once and for all"?9. Why is Esther surprised when Buddy calls her at college?10. Why does Buddy call Esther at college?11. How does Esther feel when she hangs up the phone after talking with Buddy?12. What does Esther think may have caused Buddy's TB?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 71. At what age does Esther say she stopped being "purely happy"?2. What does Constantin say is the most difficult aspect of simultaneous translation?3. What does Esther liken the potential choices she has in life to?4. What does Esther decide about her relationship with Constantin during their dinner date?5. Who is the only man that Esther ever considered losing her virginity to?6. What marks the end of Esther's relationship with Eric?7. What does Constantin ask Esther to do when they go to his apartment?8. What bothers Esther about the article "In Defense of Chastity"?9. For Esther the world is divided along the lines of---10. What does Esther do to let Constantin know she is interested in having sex with him?11. What keeps Esther from losing her virginity to Constantin?12. What does Buddy tell Esther she will want to abandon once she has children?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 81. Why does Esther think that Mr. Willard is telling her that he and his wife had always wanted a daughter?2. Which of the following does NOT adorn the waiting room at the sanatorium?3. What surprises Esther about Buddy's appearance when she first sees him at the sanatorium?4. What unusual gift does Buddy give Esther when she arrives in his room?5. Why is Buddy eager for Esther to read the poem "Florida Dawn"?6. What is Esther's first reaction when Buddy proposes to her?7. What is Esther's response to Buddy's marriage proposal?8. What does Buddy take Esther to do while she is visiting him at the sanatorium?9. How does Esther feel as she careens down the ski slope?10. What causes Esther's skiing accident?11. Why won't Buddy allow Esther to ski down the hill again?12. Why does Buddy ask Esther whether she'd like to live in the city or the country?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 91. Who is Esther "cursed" to have had to eat breakfast with in the hotel cafeteria?2. Why doesn't Esther want her picture taken for the magazine?3. Where is Marco from?4. Where does Doreen put Esther's clothes to help her forget about them?5. What is the first thing that Esther notices about Marco?6. What does Marco remind Esther of?7. What does Marco give Esther?8. Why can't Marco marry the woman he is in love with?9. What does Esther do to prevent Marco from raping her?10. What does Esther do when she returns to the Amazon the night that Marco attacks her?11. What does Esther label Marco?12. What surprises Esther the most about Marco?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 101. Why does Esther trade her robe to Betsy for a skirt and shirt?2. Why does Esther's mother ask her about what happened to her face?3. What does Esther hear as she lays in bed on the first morning she is home?4. How many children does Dodo Conway have?5. What does Esther resolve to do during her summer at home?6. What does Mrs. Greenwood convince Esther she should do since she will not be taking the writing course?7. What course keeps Esther from considering a major in English?8. What surprises Esther about the English program at her mother's college?9. Why had Esther visited her family doctor?10. What did Esther's doctor prescribe to help her symptoms?11. Why does Esther begin reading Finnegan's Wake?12. Why does Jody call Esther?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 111. How long has it been since Esther has slept when she first visits Dr. Gordon?2. Why doesn't Esther wash her clothes or bathe?3. What infuriates Esther in Dr. Gordon's office?4. Where does Esther tell the sailor she is is from?5. How does Dr. Gordon respond to Esther's torn letter to Doreen?6. What treatment does Dr. Gordon suggest for Esther?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 121. What does Esther notice about the people outside of the hospital?2. What does the nurse tell Esther to help her feel more relaxed during her first shock treatment?3. How does the shock treatment make Esther feel?4. What does Esther tell her mother after the treatment that makes her feel relieved?5. Why does Esther compare her photo with that of a dead girl published in the paper?6. How long has it been since Esther has slept?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 131. What keeps Esther from committing suicide with the cord from her mother's robe?2. Other than tabloid magazines, what type of books is Esther able to read?3. Who does Jody set Esther up on a blind date with?4. What complaint do all of the patients at the hospital have of Esther's volunteer work?5. Why does Esther visit the cemetery?6. How does Esther ultimately decide she will do to commit suicide?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 141. Where does Esther wake up at the start of this chapter?2. Whose visit to her hospital room angers Esther?3. What does Esther do that gets her transferred to another hospital?4. What does Mrs. Tomollilo do that gets her placed in the psychiatric ward?5. What does Mrs. Mole do that makes the nurses put her in her room for dinner?6. What treasure does Esther take with her to solitary confinement?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 151. Who "rescues" Esther from the public hospital?2. Who is Esther's doctor at the private hospital?3. Why does Esther dislike Dr. Gordon?4. What is unusual about Miss Norris?5. Why does Valerie have scars on her head?6. Who is Esther's next door neighbor in the hospital once her room is moved "up front"?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 161. What led Joan to run away from home?2. What course of treatment does Joan's first psychiatrist recommend for her?3. How does Esther learn of the circumstances that led to her rescue from the basement?4. Why does Dr. Nolan restrict Esther's visitors?5. Why does Esther's mother bring her roses?6. What does Mrs. Bannister discover about Esther one evening?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 171. Why is Esther surprised when the nurse tells her she is moving to Belsize?2. Which of the following is NOT a privilege given to residents of Belsize?3. How do the women in Belsize know they will be having shock treatments?4. What does Joan find in a magazine that shocks Esther?5. What does Esther always have with her as she walks around Belsize?6. Why does Dr. Nolan arrive early at Esther's room one day?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 181. According to Dr. Nolan, how often will Esther need to have shock treatments?2. Who do Esther and Joan both get letters from?3. Why did Joan say she dated Buddy?4. Who is Joan having an affair with at the asylum?5. What trait does Dr. Nolan say women find attractive in each other?6. What sort of doctor does Dr. Nolan refer Esther to?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 191. What field does Joan tell Esther she plans on studying when she returns to college?2. Who is Joan planning on living with when she leaves the asylum?3. Who does Esther meet at the Widener Library?4. What happens to Esther after having sex with Irwin?5. Where does Esther have Irwin drive her to?6. Why does Dr. Quinn visit Esther late one night?Short Answer Questions - Chapter 201. Why does Buddy Willard visit Esther in the asylum?2. What concern about her future does Buddy express to Esther?3. Why does Esther contact Irwin?4. What does Esther do to pay tribute to Joan?5. What does Esther wear to her exit hearing at the asylum?6. Where will Esther live after leaving the asylum?The Good Wife GuideHousekeeping Monthly, 1955Have dinner ready. Plan ahead, even the night before, to have a delicious meal ready on time for his return. This is a way of letting him know that you have been thinking about him and are concerned about his needs. Most men are hungry when they come home and the prospect of a good meal (especially his favourite dish) is part of the warm welcome needed. Prepare yourself. Take 15 minutes to rest so you’ll be refreshed when he arrives. Touch up your make-up, put a ribbon in your hair and be fresh-looking. He has just been with a lot of work-weary people. Be a little gay and a little more interesting for him. His boring day may need a lift and one of your duties is to provide it. Clear away the clutter. Make one last trip through the main part of the house just before your husband arrives. Run a dustcloth over the tables. Over the cooler months of the year you should prepare and light a fire for him to unwind by. Your husband will feel he has reached a haven of rest and order, and it will give you a lift too. After all, catering for his comfort will provide you with immense personal satisfaction. Minimize all noise. At the time of his arrival, eliminate all noise of the washer, dryer or vacuum. Encourage the children to be quiet. Be happy to see him. Greet him with a warm smile and show sincerity in your desire to please him. Listen to him. You may have a dozen important things to tell him, but the moment of his arrival is not the time. Let him talk first - remember, his topics of conversation are more important than yours. Make the evening his. Never complain if he comes home late or goes out to dinner or other places of entertainment without you. Instead, try to understand his world of strain and pressure and his very real need to be at home and relax. Your goal: To try and make sure your home is a place of peace, order, and tranquility where your husband can renew himself in body and spirit. Don’t greet him with complaints and problems. Make him comfortable. Have him lean back in a comfortable chair or have him lie down in the bedroom. Have a cool or warm drink ready for him. Arrange his pillow and offer to take off his shoes. Speak in a low, soothing and pleasant voice. Don’t ask him questions about his actions or question his judgment or integrity. Remember, he is the master of the house and as such will always exercise his will with fairness and truthfulness. You have no right to question him. A good wife always knows her place.Create your own contemporary list of guidelines for husbands and wives. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What are the binaries (double standards) Esther had to face, and what are those that women face today?EstherWomen TodayThe Bell Jar Vocabulary Please complete the crossword puzzle below17 5 ? ? ? ? ? ? 15 ? ? ? ? ? 14 ? ? ? 20 ? ? ? 2 ? 4 ? ? 3 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 18 ? ? ? ? ? 13 ? ? ? ? 16 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 7 ? 9 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 12 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 6 8 ? ? ? ? 11 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 10 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 19 ? ? ? ? ? ? Across:1. threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments 3. a dead body;corpse 6. devoid of feeling and consciousness and animation 9. relating or pertaining to a sense of beauty or art 10. harmless, inoffensive; insignificant 12. dejection, cheerless, gloomy 15. characteristic of a man 16. not allowing contradiction or refusal 18. to wipe out; do away with; expunge 19. unnaturally pale or sickly looking; lacking vitality; dim, faint; weak, ineffectual Down:2. general truths, fundamental principles, or rules of conduct 4. to pass or move over, along, or through 5. suited to or suggestive of a grave or burial 7. plain; clear; straightforward 8. puzzled, not knowing what to do, at a loss 11. far too great, exceeding reasonable limits, excessive 13. to cheat or decieve; to mislead by tricking or cheating 14. boldly rude or disrespectful 17. lacking tolerance; narrow-minded 20. one who suffers for the sake of principle ? ................
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