Ubuntu 9.0.4 Installation Guide



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|Ubuntu 9.0.4 Installation Guide |

|CSCI/CINF 4634 - Computer Systems Administration |

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|Instructor: Krishani Abeysekera |

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|Author: Shruti Damle |

|Date: 09/21/2009 |

Installing Ubuntu 9.0.4

This document is a step by step installation manual for installing Ubuntu 9.0.4 on a flash drive / USB drive.

Things you need:

• Ubuntu Installation CD

• Your USB drive. (Be sure to take a back up of your data on USB drive. You will not be able to access it after installing Ubuntu on it.)

To boot your computer:

1. Switch on the computer.

2. Insert the Ubuntu Installation CD into the CD or DVD drive.

3. A boot screen appears, which asks you to select a language for installation program:

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Language Selection Screen

Choose the language of your choice and hit “Enter”. Then main Ubuntu installation screen appears which gives you following options:

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If you select “Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer” then it will run live session of Ubuntu Operating system just to give you a feel of Ubuntu environment. It will not install anything.

Select “Install Ubuntu” to proceed to installation.

If you want to go back and boot from your computer’s hard disk instead of bootable CD then select “Boot from first hard disk”.

If you proceed with the installation, the following screen appears till it loads the installation program from CD.

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Language Selection Screen:

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Select the language and click on “forward” in the right bottom corner. This will be the language of Ubuntu.

Location Selection:

The next screen will ask you to select your location to set time zone. You can click on the picture of the globe and highlight your location. Or you can use the drop down lists below to select your region and city. Click forward to go next. You can choose Quit to stop the installation any time.

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Location Selection Screen

Keyboard Layout:

Ubuntu supports wide variety of keyboard layouts. Select the keyboard layout of your choice, preferably “USA” and click on forward to go to the next step.

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Keyboard Layout Screen

Disk Partitioning:

Ubuntu creates and uses several partitions on the available hard drives. You may customize both the partitions, and how the drives on your system are managed.

The next screen asks you for preparation of disk space. It gives you 2 options about partitioning your disk:

1) Automatic Partitioning: If you select “Use entire disk” under the heading “Where do you want to put Ubuntu 9.0.4?” then installer program takes care of the disk partitioning itself. It uses your entire USB drive space for partitioning. It will also display you the name of your USB drive and its capacity. Click on forward to go to the next step.

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Partitioning Options Screen: Automatic Partitioning Selected

2) Manual Partitioning: If you select “Specify partitions manually” then it guides you to partitions configuration screen where you can manage the partition table on your own. Click forward to go to the manual partitions configuration screen.

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Partitioning Options Screen: Manual Partitions selected.

General Information on Partitions

There are two reasons you might want to break up the file system into a number of smaller partitions. The first is for safety. If something happens to corrupt the file system, generally only one partition is affected. Thus, you only have to replace a portion of your system.

Partitioning on Ubuntu:

Ubuntu does not incorporate any hard and fast rules for partitioning. But it is recommended that number of partitions should not exceed 4. Partition types in Ubuntu are similar to that of general Unix/Linux partitions.

The partitioning step in Ubuntu installation shows the free space available on your USB drive as shown:

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Free space available before partitioning

The “Swap” space:

Swap is equivalent to windows' virtual memory. It’s what the system uses when RAM is running low. It uses it as a temporary RAM storage, and it acts by swapping modules of RAM to and from swap space. The recommendations for allocating swap is anywhere from 1.5 to 2 times the amount of physical RAM on your system.

The example used in this installation guide uses USB drive. Since USB drive does not have a RAM, 1 GB space is allocated for swap out of 4 GB free space available. Click on “New partition” below. A “Create Partition” dialog box will appear. Select the appropriate partition size depending upon size of your USB drive. Choose “Swap Area” from the “use as” drop down box. When you click on “Ok” it will create a swap partition.

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Creating a swap partition

The “root” Partition:

At a bare minimum, you should consider creating what is commonly called a “root partition”. This contains the most essential components of the system. If any other partitions get corrupted, you can still boot into operating system to fix the system. This can save you the trouble of having to reinstall the system from scratch.

The example in the screenshot below shows a root partition or “/”. The total capacity of the USB drive is 4GB. Out of that, 3GB is used for root partition. Click on “New partition” below. A “Create Partition” dialog box will appear. Select the appropriate partition size. Choose “Ext3 Journaling file system” from the “use as” drop down box. Select mount point as “/”. When you click on “Ok” it will create a root partition.

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Creating a root partition

When you are finished with partitioning, your partition table will look like this:

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Created Partitions

Click on “Forward” to go to the next step.

Setting up User name and Password:

Next step asks you to select user name for logging in and selecting password. It is recommended that you select “Require a password to log in” for safety purpose because it will ask you for a password every time you log in to the system. Click on “Forward” to proceed to the next step.

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Setting up User name and password

Ready to Install:

Next step is the last step before the actual installation starts. It shows a summary page of all the configurations you have selected for Ubuntu. Be sure to check that out and you can always go back if you want to change something. If you click on “Install”, actual installation of Ubuntu begins.

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Ready to install: Summary of the settings

You will see various steps in installation in following screenshots:

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When the installation window shows 100%, your installation of Ubuntu is finished. At the end the installation program will guide you to reboot the machine. Select “Restart” option.

After rebooting the system, Log-in dialog box appears. Log in to the system with your specified username and password. You will be logged into the system. Now, your Ubuntu system is ready!!

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