Irregular verbs - Parow High School



GRADE10SUBJECTENGFALWEEKLesson 9TOPICLANGUAGE: PARTSOF SPEECHVERBS Date: ____________________________LEARNER WORKBOOK Notes on verbsA verb is a ‘doing’ word or an’ action’ in the sentence.THE THREE TENSES:Present, past and future The tense tells when the action takes place.Present ( today) verb I paint a picturePast (yesterday) verb + ed I painted a pictureFuture ( tomorrow) will/shall + verb I shall paint a picture Irregular verbs do not follow this pattern. their past tense is different.left2063000Learner Activity: BaselineComplete the table with the irregular verbs. Irregular verbsIrregular verbs do not follow the usual patterns.PRESENTPASTPASTPARTICIPLEPRESENTPASTPASTPARTICIPLEPRESENTPASTPASTPARTICIPLETodayI …YesterdayI…I have…TodayI …YesterdayI …I have…TodayI …YesterdayI …I have…amsteallie (down)awakeswimlay (table, egg)beartakelie (tell)begintearhang (people)bitethrowhang (things)blowwearflow (river)breakwritefly (bird)drinkfreezeflee (prisoner)forgetspringspeakgiveforgivechoosedodrawrideeatseegoshakeknowsingFINITE VERBS:A finite verb can stand on its own and does not need an auxiliary (helping) verb.A finite verb must have a subject, number (singular or plural) and tense.together with the subject, it makes a complete sentence:She plays. They argue.it indicates number:The girl (one) plays netball. The girls (many) play netball.it has tense :Today I play. Yesterday I played. Tomorrow I shall play. THE INFINITE:When a verb is preceded by a to, it is known as the infinite:To play to argue to study to discussThe infinite cannot stand alone. It must be preceded by a finite verb.She wants to discuss… they start to argue. We tried to study. Children love to play.The infinite should not be split:I am going to definitely complete my work tomorrow. (Incorrect)I am definitely going to complete my work tomorrow. (Correct)AUXILIARY VERBSAn auxiliary verb is a helping verb.It always precedes a verb: she has done her work.It regulates the tense of its sentence: we could see the sun rising in the east. (past tense)Common auxiliary verbs: am, are, be. can, could, had, has, have, is, may, might, must, shall, should, was, were, will, wouldDepending on the sentence, the verb may be classified as a finite or an auxiliary verb:He is the president of his company. (Finite verb)He is hoping to become the president of his company. (Auxiliary verb+ present participle)THE LINKING VERB- THE VERB’ TO BE’The verb “to be” (is, am, are) is also referred to as the linking verbs.A linking verb connects a noun with another noun, or a noun with an adjective.The man is a soldier. (Noun) the man is brave. (Adjective)The word that follows the object; it is known as the complement.S=singularP=pluralPRESENT TENSEPAST TENSEFUTURE TENSEFUTURE TENSEIf adamant or definite1st person(s)I am coldI was coldI shall be coldI will be cold1st person(p)We are coldThey were coldWe shall be coldWe will be cold2nd person(s & p)You are coldYou were coldYou shall be cold3rdperson(s)He/she/it is coldHe/she/it was coldHe/she/it will be cold3rdperson(s)They are coldThey were coldThey will be coldI and we - SHALLEverybody else-WILLPASTPRESENTFUTUREINDEFINITE TimeYesterday, - ago, last - , the previous - , once upon a time, an hour agoAlways, usually, often, ever, never, sometimes, once a day, every yearTomorrow, next- , soon, presently, in a month’s time, in future, shortly.Form2nd column – all personse.g We sang songs She won a race. 1st column+ s (he/she/it)I always do my work.She always wins the race.Will/shall + 1st columnWe shall sing songs.She will run a race.QuestDid + 1st columnDid we sing songs?Did she win a race?Do I always do my work?Does she always win the race?Shall we sing songs?Will she run a race?NegAdd not after did + 1st We didn’t sing songsShe didn’t win a race.Add not after do/does+1stI don’t always so my work.She doesn’t always win. Add not after will/shallWe shall not sing songs.She won’t run a race. TagWe sang songs, didn’t we?She didn’t win, did she? I do my work, don’t I?She doesn’t win, does she?We shall sing songs, shan’t we?She won’t run, will she? CONTINIOUSTimeAt a certain time in the past the action was busy happening. At that moment, Yesterday at three. Now, At this moment, at present, still. At a certain time in future the action will be busy happening. Tomorrow at three, In an hour’s time. FormWas/were + 1st+ ingAt ten yesterday we were singing and she was winning. Am, is, are + 1st+ ing. At the moment I am writing.She is singing a song now. Shall/will + be + ingAt ten tomorrow we shall be singing. At ten tomorrow she will be winning. QuestWere we singing?Was she winning?Am I writing?Is she singing?Will she be winning…?Shall we be singing … ?NegAdd not after was/wereWe weren’t singing. She wasn’t singing. Add not after is/are.I am not writing. She is not singing. Add not after will/shall.They will not be running.She won’t be singing. TagWe were singing, weren’t we?She wasn’t singing, was she?She is singing, isn’t she?I am writing, aren’t I?We aren’t writing, are we? We shall be singing, shan’t we?She won’t be winning, will she?PERFECTTimeBy a certain time in the past, After, when. Before (in past)Just, already, after, when before, sinceBy a certain time in the future. By ten tonight, by seven tomorrow. FormHAD + 3rd columnBy ten last night he had written a letter. Has/ have +3rd columnYou have just eaten an apple. He has already bought the book.Shall/will+ have + 3rdBy tomorrow they will have eaten. QuestHad he written a letter…?Have you eaten an …? Has he bought the book?Will they have eaten …?NegHe hadn’t written a letter.He hasn’t bought the bookThey won’t have eaten. TagHe had written a letter, hadn’t he? They hadn’t done it, had they? He hasn’t bought, has he?They have eaten, haven’t they? I shall have eaten, shan’t I? They will have eaten, won’t they? -20201957600Learner activity 2: PAST TENSEStudy the table with the outline of the tenses and rewrite the following sentences. 2.1 Change into the negative:a) Killer whales took three of the ponies alive. b) They had enough rations for the return journey. c) He had already reached the Pole in 1902. d) Wilson fell from a cliff. e) The leader was responsible for the dogs. 2.2 Change into questions by adding tags. a) They were beaten in the race. b) Evans had sustained a brain injury. c) The entire world was waiting for their progress. d) By March 15 they had collected enough samples. left6373600Learner activity 3: PRESENT TENSE3.1 Supply the correct form of the word in brackets.a) A icecap (cover) almost all of Antarctica. b) She always (wear) protective clothing, so (do) her friends. c) Protective clothes (be) essential in that climate. d) Soft footwear (reduce) the risk of frostbitten feet. 3.2 Rewrite in the negativea) Mount Terror is the taller of the two mountains. b) Last year’s SANAE team has already returned from Antartica.c) One finds some mammals on the continent in winter. d) Either the men or their leader prepares breakfast when they leave the base. 029718000Learner activity 4: FUTURE TENSE4.1 Change the following sentences into questions. a) I will not allow him to help me. (Why?)b) I shall be wearing new clothes. c) The original bridle path will be followed.d) We shall be walking and climbing for twenty kilometres. 4.2 Change the following sentences into the negative. a) We will follow some of the trails. b) She will be sporting a new hairstyle, won’t she?c) I will have taken a bath by then. d) We shall be carrying our backpacks. 044577000Learner activity: homeworkActivity 1Provide the correct form of the verb in bracket:On that day, Botshelo had been (walk) home with George when George (start) talking about inappropriate things. Botshelo had been (feel) uncomfortable for a while, but (to be) reluctant to say anything. She (do) not want to seem rude or silly. Botshelo’s silence caused George to think that she (may) be interested in him. He (want) to touch her, but she decided to listen to the warning of her inner voice. Botshelo’s independence (help) her to take a stand- she (tell) George that she was not interested in him and that he (has) to leave her alone. [10]Activity 2: Give the correct form of the verb in bracket:When we arrive at the Oval everybody (cheer). Some spectators (stand) on their seats and (wave) their arms. Others (sit), tensely (watch) the thrilling race which (takes) place. even the officials (be) excited and (not behave) with their customary calm. On the track every athlete (strain) himself to the utmost. Marais (still lead) but Joubert (challenge) him and Smit (come) up so fast that everybody thought he would win. [12] Activity 3: Assorted continuous tense exercise/activityGive the correct forms of the verbs in brackets:Good afternoon, listeners. I (speak) to you form the Potchefstroom Stadium where some of the overseas competitors are preparing for next week’s games. At this moment Caster Semenya (run) at top speed. Two her teammates (dart) over some hurdles. Close to the popular stand an athlete (hurl) the javelin and a long jumper (work) hard to improve her strides.I must say, ladies and gentleman, when I paid the track a visit last week I never (think) that the Games (will take) place here. Gardeners (still plant) the lawn and builders (erect) temporary seats. They expect (test) the electronic timing apparatus. In short, everything (be) in confusion.The situation (change) a great deal since then. When I broadcast to you next week thousands of spectators (watch) a number of great athletes who (try) very hard indeed. Thousands of people (sit) in front of their television sets, (watch) live broadcast. I hope most of you (hold) thumbs for our own athletes. [TOTAL: 17] ................
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