PA MONTHLY WORKSTATS

[Pages:8]PA MONTHLY WORKSTATS

LABOR FORCE ? JOBS ? UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION

PA Monthly WorkStats presents the most up-to-date labor market highlights and happenings in the commonwealth. Information herein is produced and published monthly and includes data on the labor force, jobs, and unemployment compensation for both the state and select substate areas as well as relevant media reports. Additional details and historical information are available on our website: workstats.dli..

2021

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

November 2021 Big Numbers

5 . 7 % Unemployment Rate

5,781,800

Statewide Job Count

39,280 Initial Claims

Note: arrows indicate increase, decrease, or no change from the previous month

What industry supersector had the largest change in jobs over the month? ----- Page 2 Find unemployment statistics by gender, race, age, and educational attainment. ----- Page 4 View recent Unemployment Compensation trends. ----- Page 6 Read snapshots from recent articles related to labor market data from across the state and from various industries. ----- Page 7 What is the Employment to Population Ratio? ----- Page 6

For additional information and resources, please contact: Center for Workforce Information & Analysis (CWIA)

1-877-493-3282 | workforceinfo@ | workstats.dli.

CURRENT EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS

JOBS BY SUPERSECTOR

DECEMBER 2021 EDITION ? NOVEMBER 2021 DATA (SEASONALLY ADJUSTED)

Industry Total Nonfarm Jobs Goods-Producing Industries

Mining & Logging Construction Manufacturing Service-Providing Industries Trade, Transportation, & Utilities Information Financial Activities Professional & Business Services Education & Health Services Leisure & Hospitality Other Services Government

Jobs 5,781,800

820,700 21,600

246,000 553,100 4,961,100 1,113,900

86,900 329,400 784,500 1,243,800 490,100 238,900 673,600

* Italics signifies the greatest over-the-year movement ** Highlighting signifies an all-time high

Change from November 2020 Volume Percent Trend

144,000 2.6% 11,500 1.4% 600 2.9% (5,000) (2.0%) 15,900 3.0%

132,500 2.7% 27,400 2.5% 6,000 7.4% 5,800 1.8% 30,900 4.1% 4,000 0.3% 46,300 10.4% 10,800 4.7% 1,300 0.2%

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

Total nonfarm jobs were up 13,500 (0.2 percent) over the month to 5,781,800 in November. This was the seventh consecutive gain due to an upward revision to September's data. As of November 2021, approximately 72.5 percent of the March and April 2020 losses have been recovered.

In PA, total nonfarm jobs were up 144,000 from November 2020. This was an increase of 2.6 percent in the state compared to a gain of 4.1 percent nationally.

Ten of the 11 supersectors were up from year-ago levels in the state, although all were still below their February 2020 levels.

Eight of the 11 industry supersectors added jobs over the month. Trade, transportation & utilities had the largest gain from October, up 5,700. Professional & business services had the next largest movement, adding 5,100 jobs. The only monthly decline of more than 100 was in education & health services (-2,000).

Leisure & hospitality had the largest 12-month gain among supersectors (46,300) and has so far recovered about 72 percent of the nearly 340,000 jobs lost in March and April 2020. As of November 2021, eight of the 11 supersectors have recovered more than 2/3 of the jobs lost.

How Have Jobs Changed Over THE Long TERM?

Percent of Total Nonfarm Jobs

14%

12%

14% 23%

63%

74%

Nov. 1991 Nov. 2021

Government Goods-Producers Private Service-Providers

Today, private service-providers make up a larger portion of total nonfarm jobs than they did 30 years ago, while goodsproducers' share of jobs shrunk.

Thirty years ago, more than one out of every five jobs in Pennsylvania were in goodproducing industries compared to about one in every seven jobs now.

CHANGE IN SUPERSECTOR VOLUME

(current volume includes 5-year grow th but not the decline)

5-Year Growth

5-Year Decline

Current Volume

Mining & Logging Construction

Manufacturing Trade, Transportation, & Utilities

Information Financial Activities Professional & Business Services Education & Health Services Leisure & Hospitality

Other Services Government 0

30

60

90

120

150

Employment (in tens of thousands)

Total nonfarm jobs have contracted 2.0 percent over the last five years with declines in seven of the 11 supersectors. Leisure & hospitality had the largest volume change from November 2016, down 71,300 jobs ? more than double the five-year decline of any other supersector.

2

CURRENT EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS

JOBS BY METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA (MSA) DECEMBER 2021 EDITION ? NOVEMBER 2021 DATA

MSA OVER-THE-YEAR JOB CHANGE (SEASONALLY ADJUSTED)

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

(MSA industry data are not seasonally adjusted)

MSA Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Altoona Bloomsburg-Berwick Chambersburg-Waynesboro

Jobs 371,500

58,400 43,100 59,700

Change from November 2020

Volume Percent

Trend

10,100

2.8%

(200) (0.3%)

1,800

4.4%

1,300

2.2%

In November 2021, for the eighth consecutive month, jobs increased over the year statewide and in 14 MSAs after 12 consecutive months of decline over the year.

Overall, jobs increased over the year in 15 MSAs, fell in two MSAs, and were unchanged in the Reading MSA. In the Johnstown MSA, jobs fell over the year for the fifth consecutive month after three consecutive increases, while the Altoona MSA had its third over-the-year decrease after five consecutive increases.

East Stroudsburg Erie Gettysburg Harrisburg-Carlisle

56,500 119,400

35,200 344,400

2,100 1,400 2,100 8,900

3.9% 1.2% 6.3% 2.7%

Eight MSAs exceeded the state's over-the-year percentage job increase of 2.6 percent for November while the remaining 10 MSAs had a lower percentage increase than the state's percentage gain. The Johnstown MSA had the largest percentage loss (1.6 percent), while the Gettysburg MSA had the largest percentage increase (6.3 percent).

Johnstown

48,300

Lancaster

249,300

Lebanon

51,300

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington

2,879,300

Pittsburgh

1,127,200

Reading

166,100

Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton

250,400

State College

73,000

Williamsport

50,800

York-Hanover

183,300

* Italics signifies the greatest over-the-year movement

(800) 4,900

600 107,600

27,500 0

4,100 2,800

900 5,400

(1.6%) 2.0% 1.2% 3.9% 2.5% 0.0% 1.7% 4.0% 1.8% 3.0%

The largest volume increase in jobs over the past year occurred in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington MSA. Jobs increased in both the service-providing and goodsproducing industries as well as in both the private and public sectors.

Private sector jobs in the Philadelphia-CamdenWilmington MSA accounted for 98.5 percent of the job gains and rose in all supersectors, sectors, and industry groups reported, except for hospitals which decreased by 0.1 percent. The small decrease in federal government jobs overcame a smaller gain in local and state government jobs. The service-providing industries garnered the lion's share of the job gains (91.5 percent). The largest percentage increase was in the leisure & hospitality supersector, which during the recession suffered the most due to the impact of social distancing. It rebounded in November with a 16.3 percent increase over the year and accounted for 28.6 percent of the overthe-year job increases in the MSA.

** Highlighting signifies an all-time high

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

(based on non-seasonally adjusted MSA industry data)

MSA 10-YEAR JOB CHANGE (not seasonally adjusted) goods-producing versus service-providing INDUSTRIES

Over the last 10 years, statewide jobs grew in the private sector and in service-providing industries while declining in the public sector and goods-producing industries. Job losses statewide were more pronounced when looking at the most recent five-year period, where statewide jobs declined in both the public and private sectors as well as in goods-producing and service-providing industries. Therefore, more insight can be gleaned by dividing the period into its two component half-decades. The changes over the 10-year period blend the results of the two periods and mask the differences between those periods.

The performance of private sector jobs over the last decade across the 18 MSAs is an example of how the 10-year performance masks different trajectories over its two halves. Over the whole period, private jobs increased in 11 MSAs and declined in seven MSAs. However, private job growth was more robust over the first half decade when 15 MSAs had increases and the Erie, Johnstown, and Williamsport MSAs were the only MSAs where private jobs declined. Private sector job growth in the last five years was almost the reverse, as jobs increased in only the Allentown-BethlehemEaston, Bloomsburg-Berwick, Gettysburg, Harrisburg-Carlisle, and Lancaster MSAs, and declined in the remaining 13 MSAs.

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Altoona Bloomsburg-Berwick Chambersburg-Waynesboro East Stroudsburg Erie Gettysburg Harrisburg-Carlisle Johnstown

Lancaster Lebanon Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington Pittsburgh Reading Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton State College Williamsport

Since most service?providing jobs are in the private sector, it is not surprising that the performance of both in creating jobs over the -30 last decade was similar. In the first five years of the last decade, only the Erie and Johnstown MSAs ended the half decade with fewer service-providing jobs than when they began. Conversely, in the most recent five years, service-providing jobs decreased in 15 MSAs and only increased in the Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, Bloomsburg-Berwick, and Harrisburg-Carlisle MSA. Combining those disparate results led to service-providing jobs over the decade decreasing in nine MSAs over the decade and increasing in the other eight MSAs.

York-Hanover

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

Goods-Producing Industries (positive)

Service-Providing Industries (positive)

Goods-Producing Industries (negative)

Service-Providing Industries (negative)

* Data are not seasonally adjusted, scale indicates percentage

3

LOCAL AREA UNEMPLOYMENT STATISTICS

LABOR FORCE FOR PENNSYLVANIA AND THE UNITED STATES

DECEMBER 2021 EDITION ? NOVEMBER 2021 DATA (SEASONALLY ADJUSTED)

PA November 2021

5.7%

Employment 5,899,000

Unemployment 359,000

PA October 2021

6.0%

Employment 5,893,000

Unemployment 377,000

U.S. November 2021

4.2%

Employment 155,175,000

Unemployment 6,877,000

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

Pennsylvania's seasonally adjusted unemployment rate decreased three-tenths of a percentage point over the month to 5.7 percent in November.

PA's rate was 1.5 percentage points higher than the U.S. rate, which decreased four-tenths of a percentage point to 4.2 percent.

Seasonally adjusted labor force was down 10,000 in November to 6,259,000; the fifth decrease in a row.

Employment was up 6,000 from last month to 5,899,000. This is the second increase in a row.

Unemployment decreased 18,000 to 359,000 persons, the ninth decrease in a row.

(in thousands)

6,575 6,475 6,375 6,275 6,175

2019

Labor Force

2020 October

2021

(in thousands)

6,275 6,060 5,845 5,630 5,415 5,200

2019

Employment

2020 October

Current Population Survey (CPS) DATA

Unemployment Rate: 12-Month Moving Average (by Percent)

Nov. 2021

Oct. 2021

Nov. 2020

Total

6.7

6.8

8.8

Gender Race Age

Female Male Black White 16 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 54 55+ Less than HS

6.2

6.3

9.0

7.1

7.3

8.7

13.1

13.9

16.9

5.9

5.9

7.5

9.9

9.7

17.4

9.9

10.1

13.0

6.6

6.7

7.8

5.2

5.3

8.2

11.9

12.8

12.2

Education

HS Diploma AD / Some College

8.6

8.7

10.5

7.2

7.1

9.0

BD or Higher

3.5

3.7

5.2

People with Disabilities Veterans

13.5

14.4

15.8

6.2

6.6

7.4

Participation Rate Employment/Population Ratio Underemployment Rate (U-6) Discouraged Workers Part-Time for Economic Reasons Avg. Duration of Unemployment (weeks) Long-term Unemployed (>26 weeks)

61.4% 57.3%

9.9% 14,600 137,900

27.6 158,800

61.4% 57.3% 10.2% 13,900 148,500

27.1 164,800

62.4% 56.9% 13.8% 13,800 252,300

15.7 79,500

2021

(in thousands)

1,200 1,000

800 600 400 200

2019

Unemployment

2020 October

2021

Percent

16.0 13.4 10.8

8.2 5.6 3.0

2019

Unemployment Rate

2020 October

2021

SELECT STATES' UNEMPLOYMENT RATES (RANK)

(current volume includes 5-year grow th but not the decline)

PA (40)

State Name and National Rank Among All States

WI (10) VA (15) WV (23) OH (30)

Over-the-month Increase Over-the-month Decline Current Rate

DE (33)

MD (38)

IL (40)

MI (42)

NY (48)

NJ (48) 2.0% 4.0%

6.0%

8.0% 10.0% 12.0% 14.0% 16.0% -18.0% 20.0% 22.0% 24.0%

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

PA's 12-month average unemployment rate from the CPS went down onetenth of a percentage point to 6.7 percent in November.

The Employment-Population Ratio stayed the same over the month at 57.3 percent.

The U-6 rate was 9.9 percent in November, which decreased three-tenths of a percentage point from last month.

The unemployment rate for veterans decreased four-tenths of a percentage point to 6.2 percent. This is the first decrease after last month's increase.

The Civilian Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) stayed the same at 61.4 in November. Over the year, the LFPR has gone down 1.0 percentage points.

4

LOCAL AREA UNEMPLOYMENT STATISTICS

LABOR FORCE FOR SELECT LOCAL AREAS

DECEMBER 2021 EDITION ? NOVEMBER 2021 DATA (SEASONALLY ADJUSTED)

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

As exemplified by the over-the-year change in the unemployment rate, Pennsylvania's labor market continued to improve in November. The state's overall unemployment rate fell by 1.4 percentage points while all 67 counties also had decreases in their rates. The largest over-the-year decrease was in Philadelphia County (3.7 percentage points), while the smallest decrease was in Cambria County (0.5 percentage points). Seven counties equaled the state's decrease over the year while 51 counties exceeded that decrease.

The volume of unemployment fell over the year in all counties. The largest volume decrease over the year (27,000) was in Philadelphia County, while the largest percentage decrease was 37.3 percent in Juniata County. The smallest volume decrease over the year was a marginal decrease in Sullivan County (the decrease was also marginal in Cameron and Forest counties), while the smallest percentage decrease (10.8 percent) was in Cambria County.

Increases in employment are another sign of improvement in the labor market. In November, the volume of employment rose over the year in 46 counties, was constant in Cameron County, and fell in the remaining 20 counties. Employment increased marginally in four counties and decreased marginally in four counties. The largest volume increase was in Philadelphia County (11,800) and the largest percentage increase (3.3 percent) was in Clinton. The largest volume decrease was in Berks County (1,800) and the largest percentage decrease (4.1 percent) was in Warren County.

November county unemployment rates ranged from a low of 3.1 percent in Chester County to a high of 6.8 percent in Philadelphia County. The state's unemployment rate of 5.7 percent in November was exceeded by nine counties and equaled by Armstrong, Indiana, Lawrence, and Lycoming counties, while the remaining 54 counties had a rate lower than the state's rate. The highest and lowest county rates in November were lower than they were in October.

Unemployment Rate by MSA

Over-the-month direction of change and 10-year maximum and minimum range

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Altoona

Bloomsburg-Berwick Chambersburg-Waynesboro

East Stroudsburg Erie

Gettysburg Harrisburg-Carlisle

Johnstown Lancaster Lebanon Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington Pittsburgh

Reading Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton

State College Williamsport York-Hanover Over-the-Month Change: 0.0 Down: No Change: Up:

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

Unemployment Rate (percent) Current Rate: Left endpoint of bar: 10-year minimum Right endpoint of bar: 10-year maximum

5

County Unemployment Rates

< 4.5%

4.5% - 4.9% 5.0% - 5.5%

> 5.5%

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

In November, all 18 MSAs experienced over-the-year decreases in their unemployment rates. The largest was in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington MSA (2.1 percentage points), while the smallest was in the Johnstown MSA (0.5 percentage points).

The volume of unemployment fell over the year in all 18 MSAs. The largest decrease was 64,000 in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington MSA, while the Gettysburg MSA had the smallest decrease (400). The largest percentage decrease was in the Lebanon MSA (33.8 percent), while the smallest percentage decrease was in the Johnstown MSA (10.8 percent).

Employment over the year increased in nine MSAs and fell in the remaining nine MSAs. The PhiladelphiaCamden-Wilmington MSA had the largest over-theyear increase (40,100), while the Gettysburg MSA had the largest percentage increase (1.2 percent). The Johnstown MSA had the largest over-the-year decrease (1,800) and the largest percentage decrease (3.4 percent).

In November, the volume of labor force increased over the year in four MSAs and decreased in the remaining 14 MSAs. Over the year the Allentown-BethlehemEaston MSA had the largest volume increase (700), while the Gettysburg MSA had the largest percentage gain (1.2 percent). The Philadelphia-CamdenWilmington MSA had the largest volume decrease over the year (23,900) and the Altoona MSA had the largest percentage decrease (4.0 percent).

25.0

In November, MSA unemployment rates ranged from a low of 3.6 percent in the Lancaster MSA to 6.8 percent

in the Scranton--Wilkes-Barre MSA. The Pittsburgh

and Williamsport MSAs equaled the state's November

unemployment rate, while only four MSAs had a rate

higher than the state's rate of 5.7. The rates in the

other 12 MSAs were below the state's rate.

UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION

CLAIMS AND BENEFITS AT A GLANCE DECEMBER 2021 EDITION ? NOVEMBER 2021 DATA (NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED)

REGULAR UC EXHAUSTION R ate

100

Exhaustion Rate (percent)

80

60

40

20

0 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2

2019

2020

2021

Number of Individuals Who Received UC Benefits

Regular UC: For the week ending November 27, 2021: 44,137 For the week ending October 30, 2021: 52,309 For the week ending November 28, 2020: 238,846

Pandemic Emergency UC (PEUC): The Pandemic Emergency UC (PEUC) program ended in September 2021.

Extended Benefits UC (EB): The Extended Benefits program ended in May 2021.

Did You Know?

What are initial claims?

Any notice of unemployment filed:

-

to request a determination of entitlement to

and eligibility for compensation or

-

to begin a second or subsequent period of

eligibility within a benefit year or period of eligibility.

What are first payments?

The first payment in a benefit year for a week of unemployment claimed under a specific program. This is used as a proxy for "beneficiaries" under a specific program.

What is Short Time Compensation (STC)?

The duration of regular UC benefits in Pennsylvania varies from 18 to 26 weeks. During periods of high unemployment, claimants may be eligible for extended benefits (EB) or emergency unemployment compensation (EUC).

Initial Claims (in thousands)

Continued Claims (in thousands)

Initial and Continued Claims Over The Past 26 Months

325

1,100

292.5

990

260

880

227.5

770

195

660

162.5

550

130

440

97.5

330

65

220

32.5

110

0

0

OND J FMAM J J A S OND J FMAM J J A S ON

2019

2020

2021

6

PENNSYLVANIA EMPLOYER ACTIVITY

PRESS UPDATE

DECEMBER 2021 EDITION

PA Monthly WorkStats Press Update

The update below presents blurbs from recent articles related to labor market data from across the state and from various industries. Please note that while these updates may cover reporters' (or other) attempts to explain labor market data, CWIA and L&I serve to report these numbers and do not endorse any explanations that may or may not be included below.

post-, December 13, 2021 Workers at AHN affiliate Warren General Hospital vote to strike Workers at Allegheny Health Network affiliate Warren General Hospital voted Saturday to strike, straining already fragile medical resources in rural northwest Pennsylvania. The 114 nurses and health care workers, who are members of the Pennsylvania Association of Staff Nurses and Allied Professionals, issued a 10-day strike notice at the 87-bed hospital -- the only acute care facility in the county. The labor agreement with workers expired in September, and negotiations were scheduled to continue Monday, hospital CEO Rick Allen said. The hospital has offered pay increases of 4.2% to over 16%, plus enhanced contributions to employees' 403(b) retirement plan to 7.12%, Mr. Allen said. Maureen May, president of Pennsylvania Association of Staff Nurses and Allied Professionals, said the stumbling block in talks was inadequate staffing. In the fall, an independent review by the Leapfrog Group found the hospital deficient in number of nurses needed to care for patients, according to the union. ht tps://w w w.post-gazet business/healthcare-business/2021/12/13/allegheny-health-net work-ahnwarren-general-hospital-strike-vote-pasnap/stories/202112130050

, December 7, 2021 A Tyson Foods plant offering workers a 3-day week will pay them for hours they don't work so they qualify

for benefits A Tyson Foods plant is rolling out a three-day workweek for some of its staff ? and will pay them for working 36 hours, though they'll only work 27. The move means staff who work a three-day workweek at the firm's facility in New Holland, Pennsylvania, will qualify as full-time employees, making them eligible for the company's full package of benefits, including medical, vision, and dental insurance, LancasterOnline reported. LancasterOnline also reported that the New Holland plant had raised its minimum hourly rate from $16 to $17 in September and was giving new hires a sign-on bonus of $3,000. Nearly 90 people who are currently working the traditional schedule of five or six days a week have already been hired to work the three-day schedule at the New Holland plant, which processes and packages meat from another Tyson facility. LancasterOnline reported that the plant has 334 workers and hoped to add another 200. ht t ps://w w w. labor-shor t age-t yson-foods-penns ylvania-t hree-day-work week-jobshiring-2021-12

post-, December 2, 2021 Understaffed, overwhelmed: Shortage of deer processors in Pa. hampering successful hunters Days after the opening of Pennsylvania's firearm deer season, many successful hunters are having trouble finding someone to butcher their bounty. Deer processors are overwhelmed with carcasses. Some are refusing to accept new orders, others are taking limited numbers of deer only when they have openings. In Westmoreland County, Billy's Country Smokehouse has turned away about 100 hunters and their deer. A lingering effect of COVID-19 is the reluctance of many entry-level workers to take low-paying jobs. Like restaurants and convenience stores, many deer processors are understaffed. "We are at full capacity. The problem is there's no help out there," said George Jarmon of George's Wild Game Processing in Elizabeth Township. "Since last year, no one wants to work and I'm here by myself or with a little bit of part-time help sometimes." https://w w w.life/outdoors/2021/12/02/Deer-hunting-PA-deer-processors-shortage-CWD/ stories/202112010147

7

BEHIND THE DATA

DEFINITIONS ? SOURCES ? WEB RESOURCES

LOCAL AREA UNEMPLOYMENT STATISTICS (LAUS)

This program measures employment and unemployment by place of residence. The LAUS program does not produce estimates for any demographic groups.

Employment: All persons who (a) did any work as paid employees, self-employed, agricultural workers, or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid family workers, or (b) were not working but who had jobs from which they were temporarily absent. Each employed person is counted only once, even if the person holds more than one job.

Unemployment: All persons aged 16 years and older who had no employment, were available for work, and had made specific efforts to find employment. Includes persons who were waiting to be recalled to jobs from which they had been laid off.

Labor Force: All persons classified as employed or unemployed. Unemployment Rate: The number of unemployed divided by the labor force.

LAUS data is produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Labor & Industry

CURRENT POPULATION SURVEY (CPS)

Discouraged Workers: Persons not in the labor force who want and are available for a job and who have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months, but who are not currently looking because they believe there are no jobs available or there are none for which they would qualify. Discouraged workers are not included in the unemployment count.

Duration of Unemployment: The length of time in weeks that an unemployed person has been looking for work.

Labor Force Participation Rate: The labor force divided by the civilian non-institutional population.

Employment to Population Ratio: The proportion of the civilian non-institutional population aged 16 years and over that is employed.

Part-Time for Economic Reasons: Persons who would like to work full time but were working part time because of an economic reason such as decreased working hours or they were unable to find full-time jobs. Long-term Unemployed: Persons who have been unemployed for greater than 26 weeks.

Underemployment Rate (U-6): The number of unemployed plus those people working part time who would like full-time jobs plus those who have dropped out of the labor market entirely and still want a job divided by the labor force plus those who have dropped out of the labor market entirely and still want a job.

CURRENT EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS (CES)

This collaborative effort between the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics and the states produces a count of jobs, not of people.

Nonfarm Jobs: The total number of persons on establishment payrolls employed full or part time. Persons on the payroll of more than one establishment are counted in each establishment. Data exclude proprietors, self-employed, unpaid family or volunteer workers, farm workers, and domestic workers. Persons on layoff, strike, or leave without pay for the entire period, or who have not yet reported for work are not counted as employed. Government employment covers only civilian employees.

Seasonal Adjustment: Removes the change in employment that is due to normal seasonal hiring or layoffs (holidays, weather, etc.) thus leaving an over-the-month change that reflects only employment changes due to trend and irregular movements.

Note - Agricultural employment is excluded due to the relative difficulty of gathering timely employment information in the rural farming sector. Many agricultural workers are exempt from unemployment insurance and many are self-employed. As such, there is not a good source of data to verify the accuracy and reliability of the sample-based survey data.

CES data is produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in cooperation

with the Pennsylvania Department of Labor & Industry

UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION (UC)

The Federal-State Unemployment Compensation (UC) Program provides unemployment benefits to eligible workers who are unemployed through no fault of their own and meet other eligibility requirements of State law.

Regular UC: Provides up to 26 weeks of benefits.

Emergency Unemployment Compensation (EUC): A temporary, federally-funded extension of unemployment benefits for those who have exhausted their Regular UC benefits.

Extended Benefits (EB): A temporary extension of unemployment benefits available to individuals who have exhausted their Regular UC benefits and any temporary EUC.

Initial Claims: The count of notices of unemployment requesting a determination of eligibility and entitlement for UC benefits. A person can file multiple claims.

Continued Claims: The number of weeks that claimants are requesting payment of unemployment benefits. These claims include "waiting weeks" which do not receive payment and claims that are subsequently denied benefits.

Individual Payments: The distinct count of individuals who received unemployment compensation benefits.

Exhaustees: The count of individuals who have drawn the maximum entitled amount of benefits.

CWIA-19 REV 12-21

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