Historical and Architectural Survey - South Carolina

Historical and Architectural Survey Of

Eastern Laurens County

HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY OF EASTERN LAURENS COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA

FINAL REPORT

APRIL 2, 2003

Submitted to:

Mr. Ernest Segars, County Administrator P.O. Box 445

3 Catherine Street Laurens, South Carolina 29360

Submitted by: Jennifer Revels Palmetto Conservation Foundation 1314 Lincoln Street, Suite 213 Columbia, South Carolina 29201-3154

The activity that is the subject of this report has been financed, in part, with Federal funds from the National Park Services, U.S. Department of the Interior, and administered by the South Carolina Department of Archives and History. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior.

This program receives Federal financial assistance for identification and protection of historic properties. Under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, as amended, the U. S. Department of the Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, disability or age in its federally assisted programs. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility as described above, or if you desire further information please write to: Office of Equal Opportunity, National Park Service, 1849 C Street, N.W., Washington DC 20240.

Eastern Laurens County Historical and Architectural Survey

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to thank the following persons for their help and cooperation during the course of this survey: Mr. Sam Owens for providing historic photographs and information about the history of Clinton. Ms. Eileen Coleman for taking me on a tour of her town and providing historical information about Cross Hill. Mrs. Sarah Segars for providing information about the history of Cross Hill. Donny and Genie Wilder for their help and support.

Eastern Laurens County Historical and Architectural Survey

CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS FIGURES

I. PROJECT SUMMARY............................................................................................................................. 1

II. PROJECT OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................ 2

III. SURVEY METHODOLOGY................................................................................................................. 3

IV. HISTORICAL OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................. 5 Summary .............................................................................................................................................. 5 Cherokee Occupation ........................................................................................................................... 5 Settlement and the Revolutionary War (1740?1785)........................................................................... 5 County Establishment and Growth (1785?1865)................................................................................. 7 Community Growth and Industrial Expansion (1865?1930) ............................................................. 15 Post-World War II Development ....................................................................................................... 24 Rural Architecture in Laurens County ............................................................................................... 25 Dogtrots and Double Pen Houses .............................................................................................. 26 The I-House ............................................................................................................................... 29 Queen Anne ............................................................................................................................... 35 Urban Architecture in Laurens County .............................................................................................. 39 Mountville ................................................................................................................................. 40 Renno......................................................................................................................................... 41 Cross Hill................................................................................................................................... 43 Clinton ....................................................................................................................................... 45 Joanna Mill & Village ............................................................................................................... 50 Clinton Mills.............................................................................................................................. 53 Watts Mill.................................................................................................................................. 55

V. BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................................. 57

VI. DATA GAPS ........................................................................................................................................ 61

VII. RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................................... 62 Rural Resources.................................................................................................................................. 62 Mountville .......................................................................................................................................... 62 Cross Hill ........................................................................................................................................... 63 Local Preservation Recommendations ............................................................................................... 63 Clinton................................................................................................................................................ 64 Local Preservation Recommendations ............................................................................................... 65

VIII. PROPERTIES DETERMINED ELIGIBLE FOR THE NATIONAL REGISTER

IX. COMPILED PROPERTY INVENTORY

Eastern Laurens County Historical and Architectural Survey

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FIGURES

Clinton Depot with trains

Cover

1. Riser Brickhouse...........................................................................14

2. Belfast.......................................................................................15

3. Clinton ARP Church .....................................................................16

4. Beaverdam Baptist Church...............................................................17

5. J.S. Poole House...........................................................................20

6. Lafayette Young House..................................................................20

7. Site 2307....................................................................................23

8. O'Dell House ..............................................................................24

9. Hinson House..............................................................................24

10. D.E. Tribble House......................................................................25

11. W.C. Razor House .....................................................................26

12. Renno School.............................................................................29

13. J.S. Poole House.........................................................................33

14. Site 2063..................................................................................33

15. Site 2307..................................................................................34

16. Griffith House............................................................................36

17. Riser Brickhouse.........................................................................37

18. Young.. House...........................................................................38

19. Site 2239 & 2249........................................................................39

20. J. O'Dell House..........................................................................40

21. Site 2257..................................................................................41

22. Site 2099..................................................................................42

23. Site 2127..................................................................................42

24. R.S. Griffin House .....................................................................43

25. Site 2218..................................................................................44

26. Site 2075..................................................................................46

27. Site 2083..................................................................................47

28. Site 2134..................................................................................47

29. Renno School.............................................................................48

30. Leaman Bros. Store......................................................................49

31. Razor House..............................................................................50

32. Hipp House...............................................................................50

33. Cross Hill High School..................................................................51

34. William Bailey House..................................................................52

35. J.W. Copeland House/Hays Infirmary................................................53

36. Jacobs House.............................................................................53

37. Site 1746..................................................................................54

38. Henry Young House.....................................................................54

39. Keller House..............................................................................55

40. Joanna Mills Housing Style 1 & 2.....................................................57

41. Joanna Mills Housing Style 3..........................................................57

42. Joanna Mills Housing Style 4..........................................................58

43. Joanna Mills Housing Style 5..........................................................58

44. Joanna Mills Housing Style 6..........................................................58

45. Clinton Mills Housing Style 1..........................................................59

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