Medical Terminology Dual Credit Study Guide



Medical Terminology Dual Credit Study Guide Module 3

1. List the functions of the muscles.

2. What is the difference between the following types of muscles?

skeletal, cardiac, visceral

3. What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles?

4. What controls the cardiac/involuntary muscle?

5. What is a sarcolemma?

6. What are muscle cells called?

7. What is meant by a “prime mover”?

8. What is the broad, flat tendon located on the top of the head?

9. What is included in the auricular group of muscles?

10. Which muscles are used for chewing?

11. Where would you find the sterncleidomastoid and what is it used for?

12. Where is the trapezius and what is it used for?

13. What do the pterygoids?

14. What is the diaphragm used for?

15. Which muscles lift the ribs during breathing?

16. Which muscles lower the ribs during breathing?

17. Where is the rectus abdominis and what does it do?

18. Describe what each of the following arm muscles do:

Triceps brachii

Brachialis

Biceps brachii

Pronator teres

19. Where is the perineum and what does it do?

20. List the gluteals and their functions.

21. Which muscles move the leg and how does each move the leg?

22. Which muscles produce flexion, extension, abduction and adduction of the toes?

23. What is myoclonus?

24. What is the medical term for “pulled muscle”?

25. What condition results from chronic muscle contraction or irritability?

26. What is tetany?

27. What is the difference between a “sign” and a “symptom”?

28. How is carpal tunnel syndrome determined?

29. What is a compression test and why would it be used?

30. What occurs in an electromyogram?

31. How is a CAT scan used for muscle disorders?

32. Define “sprain”.

33. Define the following muscle disorders/diseases:

a. leiomyoma

b. myoblastoma

c. myofibroma

d. myosarcoma

e. rhabdomyoma

f. bursitis

g. epicondylitis

h. myofibrosis

i. myositis purulenta

j. tendonitis

k. myasthenia gravis

l. Achilles tendon contracture

m. Dupuytren’s contracture

n. Fibromyalgia

o. Torticollis

34. What is the treatment for most simple muscle disorders?

35. How is a neurolysis used?

36. How does massage affect a muscle?

37. What is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for?

38. What are nerve endings?

39. What are the two divisions of the central nervous system?

40. What is the responsibility of the autonomic nervous system?

41. What does the brainstem do?

42. What are the 7 main parts of the brain?

43. What does the medulla do?

44. What is the function of the tentorium?

45. List the 3 meninges and their locations.

46. What are the spaces between the meninges called and where are they located?

47. What is cerebrospinal fluid used for?

48. What is the difference between afferent and efferent nerves?

49. How many cranial nerves are present?

50. How many spinal nerves are present?

51. What is “ganglia”?

52. List the three types of ganglia and their locations.

53. What is the difference between the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems?

54. Describe the following nervous system diseases/disorders:

a. ALS

b. Cerebral aneurysm

c. CVA

d. Encephalitis

e. Meningioma

f. Microcephalus

g. Hydrocephalus

h. Narcolepsy

i. Sciatica

j. Neurofibroma

k. Transient ischemic attacks

l. Athetosis

m. Bruxism

n. Coma

o. Anesthesia

p. Dyskinesia

q. Paralysis

r. Paresis

s. Concussion

t. Singultus

u. Stupor

v. Tremor

55. Describe the different types of seizures.

a. Jacksonian

b. Petit mal

c. Grand mal

d. Focal

e. Convulsions

f. epilepsy

56. Describe the different speech disorders:

a. aphasia

b. aphonia

c. dysarthria

d. dysphasia

e. dysphonia

57. What is the difference between receptive and expressive aphasia?

58. What does an antipyretic do?

59. What does an anticonvulsant do?

60. What are the differences between the following anesthetics?

a. epidural

b. local

c. general

d. spinal

e. topical

f. nerve block

61. Describe the following nervous system surgical procedures:

a. CT scan

b. MRI

c. Cordotomy

d. Trephination

e. Ventricular shunting

f. Lumbar puncture

Identify the following prefixes, word roots and suffixes:

a. myo-

b. –pathy

c. –algia

d. –sclerosis

e. –malacia

f. –atrophy

g. –otomy

h. –itis

i. –ectomy

j. lamina-

k. cryo-

l. neuro-

m. electro-

n. lobo-

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