Metals Non-Metal Metalloids and the Periodic Table

[Pages:18]Metals, Non-Metals, Metalloids and the Periodic Table

Matter and Elements

? Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space

? Element- a pure substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by physical or chemical means

Three Categories of Elements ? Metals ? Non-metals ? Metalloids

Metals

? Luster- shiny and reflective ? Malleable- can be hammered or

rolled into flat sheets or other shapes

? Ductile- can be pulled out or drawn into long wires

? Reactive- how easily or quickly an element combines with other substances

? Corrosive- the deterioration (break down) of a metal because of a chemical reaction in the environment

? Most are solid at room temperature, except Mercury

? Good Conductors-

? Thermal Conductivity- the ability of an object to transfer heat

? Electrical Conductivity- the ability of an object to carry electric current

Metal Examples

? Some examples of metals and their atomic

symbols:

? Copper (Cu)

- Mercury (Hg)

? Gold (Au)

- Potassium (K)

? Sodium (Na)

- Silver (Ag)

Non-Metals

? Dull ? Not malleable/ ductile ? Poor conductors ? Reactive ? At room temperature, most are a solid or gas

Non-Metal Examples

? Some examples of non-metals and their atomic symbols:

? Oxygen (O) ? Sulfur (S) ? Neon (Ne)

- Helium (He) - Chlorine (Cl) - Nitrogen (N)

Metalloids

? Have properties of both metals and nonmetals

? Some are shiny, others dull ? Some are malleable and ductile ? Semi-Conductors- substances that can conduct

electric current under some conditions but not under other conditions

? They conduct heat and electricity better than nonmetals, but less than metals.

? Reactive

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