International System of Units (SI units)
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International System of Units (SI units)
SI units
Structure of SI and JIS Z 8203
The International System of Units, or SI, comprises seven base units, prefixes to represent integer powers of 10 in the range from 1018 to -10-18, supplementary units of radians and steradians, and twenty-seven derived units defined according to the resolution by the International Committee of Weights and Measures. It is often abbreviated as SI from its French expression "Systeme International d'Unites". Its use in ISO standards started in 1971. In Japan, the Conference on Standardization of the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee decided in 1972 to introduce the SI units to JIS in a stepwise manner. And in 1974, JIS Z 8203 International System of Units (SI) (established based on ISO1000) and the guide for its use were enacted and promulgated, and their dissemination is in progress.
Appendix table 1 SI base units
Quantity length mass time current
Name meter kilogram second ampere
Symbol m kg s A
Quantity
Name
thermodynamic temperature kelvin
luminous intensity candela
amount of substance mole
Symbol K cd mol
Appendix table 2
Quantity Plane related angle
solid angle
SI supplementary units
Name
Symbol
radian
rad
steradian
sr
Base
units
(seven)
JIS Z 8203
SI
SI Unit
Supplementary units (two)
Derived
units
Derived units (eighteen)
Other
derived
with special units
names
Prefixes (sixteen) and integer powers of 10 of SI units
Important
units
outside
SI
-
Usable
in
parallel
with
SI
units
Appendix table 4 Example of SI derived units that are expressed with special names
Quantity viscosity moment of force surface tension heat flux density, irradiation heat capacity, entropy specific heat capacity, specific entropy * thermal conductivity permittivity permeability
Name pascal second newton meter newton per meter
watt per square meter
joule per kelvin
joule per kilogram kelvin
watt per meter kelvin farad per meter henry per meter
Symbol Pa?s N?m N/m
W/m2
J/K
J/(kg?K)
W/(m?K) F/m H/m
* It is also referred to as mass entropy.
Table 5 SI prefixes
Appendix table 3 SI derived units with special names
Quantity
Name
frequency
hertz
force
newton
pressure, stress
pascal
energy, work, heat
joule
power, radiant flux
watt
quantity of electricity, electric charge
coulomb
voltage, electrical potential
volt
electrical capacitance
farad
electrical resistance
ohm
conductance
siemens
magnetic flux
weber
magnetic flux density
tesla
inductance
henry
celsius' temperature scale degree Celsius *
luminous flux
lumen
illuminance
lux
radioactivity
becquerel
absorbed dose
gray
Symbol Hz N Pa J W
C
V F S Wb T H ?C lm lx Bq Gy
Definition s -1 m?kg?s-2 N/m2 N?m J/s
A?s
W/A C/V V/A A/V V?s Wb/m2 Wb/A t?C = (t + 273.15) K cd?sr
1
Multiplication 1018 1015 1012 109 106 103 102 101
Prefix exa peta tera giga mega kilo hecto deca
Symbol E P T G M k h da
Multiplication 10 -1 10 -2 10 -3 10 -6 10 -9 10 -12 10 -15 10 -18
Prefix deci centi milli micro nano pico femto atto
Symbol d c m n p f a
Multiplications of 106 (M: mega) and larger are expressed with capital letters.
Appendix table 6 Units used in parallel with SI units
Name minute
hour day degree minute second liter ton
Symbol min h d ? ' " L t
Value in SI units 1 min = 60 s 1 h = 60 min = 3,600 s 1 d = 24 h = 86,400 s 1? = (/180) rad 1' = (1/60)" = (/10,800) rad 1" = (1/60)' = (/648,000) rad 1 L = 1 dm3 = 10-3 m3 1 t = 103 kg
Appendix table 7.1 Conversion table from conventional gravitation units to SI units
Quantity angle
length area volume
Unit name
degree minute second
meter micron angstrom
square meter are
cubic meter liter
Symbol
? ' "
m m ?
m2 a
m3 L
Conversion factor
/180 /10800 /648000
1 10 -6 10 -10
1 102
1 10 -3
SI unit name radian
meter square meter cubic meter
T
Symbol rad
m m2 m3
T-17
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International System of Units (SI units)
Appendix table 7.2 Conversion table from conventional gravitation units to SI units
Quantity
Unit name
Symbol
Conversion factor
angle length area volume mass
time
degree minute second
meter micron angstrom
square meter are
cubic meter liter
kilogram ton atomic mass unit
second minute hour day
?
/180
'
/10800
"
/648000
m
1
10 -6
?
10 -10
m2
1
a
102
m3
1
l, L
10-3
kg
1
t
103
u
1.6606 ? 10-27
s
1
min
60
h
3600
d
86400
speed, velocity
meter per second
m/s
1
frequency
cycle
s -1
1
rotational speed
times per minute
min-1
1/60
angular velocity acceleration force
moment of force stress
pressure
energy
work rate and power viscosity and viscosity
coefficient dynamic viscosity and
dynamic viscosity coefficient temperature
radian per second
meter per second squared g weight kilogram weight ton dyne
weight kilogram meter
weight kilogram per square meter weight kilogram per square centimeter weight kilogram per square millimeter weight kilogram per square meter meter of water millimeter mercury column bar erg International Steam Table calorie weight kilogram meter kilowatt hour metric horse power hour watt metric horse power kilocalorie per hour poise centipoise weight kilogram second per square meter
stokes centistokes
degree
rad/s
m/s2 G kgf tf dyn
kgf?m
kgf/m2 kgf/cm2 kgf/mm2 kgf/m2 mH2O mmHg
bar erg calIT kgf?m kW?h PS?h W PS kcal/h P cP kgf?s/m2
St mm2/S, cSt
?C
1
1 9.8067 9.8067 9806.7 10 -5
9.8067
9.8067 9.8067 ? 104 9.8067 ? 106 9.8067 9806.7 101325/760 105 10 -7 4.1868 9.8067 3.600 ? 106 2.6478 ? 106 1 735.5 1.163 10 -1 10 -3 9.8067
10 -4 10 -6
+273.15
magnetic flux
magnetic flux density
magnetic field strength quantity of electricity
electrical potential difference
electrical capacitance
maxwell gamma gauss oersted coulomb
volt
farad
MX
10 -8
10 -9
GS
10 -4
Oe
103/4
C
1
V
1
F
1
electrical resistance
ohm
1
conductance
siemens
S
1
inductance
henry
H
1
current
ampere
A
1
SI unit name radian
meter square meter cubic meter kilogram
second
meter per second hertz revolutions per second radian per second meter per second squared newton newton meter pascal
pascal
joule
watt
pascal second square meter per second kelvin weber tesla ampere per meter coulomb volt farad ohm siemens henry ampere
Symbol rad
m m2 m3 kg
s
m/s Hz s -1 rad/s m/s2 N N?m Pa
Pa
J
W
Pa?s
m2/s K Wb T
A/m C V F S H A
T-18
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Appendix table 8 Comparison table between SI and CGS/system of gravitational units
Representative quantity
length mass time gravity (force) acceleration pressure (stress) energy work rate density viscosity temperature
SI units
m kg s N m/s2 Pa J W kg/m3 Pa?s K
Absolute system of units
m - kg
ft - lb
m
ft
kg
lb
s
s
kg?m/s2
lb?ft/s2
m/s2
ft/s2
kg/m?s2
lb/ft?s2
kg?m2/s2
lb?ft2/s2
kg?m2/s3
lb?ft2/s3
kg/m3
lb/ft3
kg/m?s
lb/ft?s
?C
?C
Gravity unit system
m - kgf
ft - lbf
m
ft
kgf?s2/m
lbf?s2/ft
s
s
kgf
lbf
kgf/s2
lbf/s2
kgf/m2
lbf/ft2
kgf?m
lbf/ft
kgf?m/s
lbf?ft/s
kgf?s2/m4
lbf?s2/ft4
kgf?s/m2
lbf?s/ft2
?C
?C
Note: 1 N = 105 g?cm/s2, 1 Pa = IN/m2, 1J = 1 N?m, 1 W = 1 N?m/s 1 dyn = 1 g?cm/s2, 1 Poundal = 1 lb?ft/s2, 1 slug = 1 lb?s2/ft 1 Poise = 1 g/cm?s
TECHNICAL SERVICE DATA
T
T-19
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Before using the product, please check the guide pages at the front of this catalog.
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For latest information, PDF catalogs and operation manuals
International System of Units (SI units)
Conversion tables for frequently used units to SI units
Force N
newton
1 1 ? 10-5 9.806 65
dyn
1 ? 105 1
9.806 65 ? 105
kgf
1.019 72 ? 10-1 1.019 72 ? 10-6
1
Pressure
Pa
bar
kgf/cm2
atm
mmH2O
mmHg or Torr
1 1 ? 105 9.806 65 ? 104 1.013 25 ? 105 9.806 65 1.333 22 ? 102
1 ? 10-5 1 9.806 65 ? 10-1 1.013 25 9.806 65 ? 10-5 1.333 22 ? 10-3
1.019 72 ? 10-5 1.019 72
1 1.033 23
1 ? 10-4 1.359 51 ? 10-3
9.869 23 ? 10-6 1.019 72 ? 10-1 7.500 62 ? 10-3
9.869 23 ? 10-1 1.019 72 ? 104 7.500 62 ? 102
9.678 41 ? 10-1
1 ? 104 7.355 59 ? 102
1
1.033 23 ? 104 7.600 00 ? 102
9.678 41 ? 10-5
1
7.355 59 ? 10-2
1.315 79 ? 10-3 1.359 51 ? 10
1
Note: 1 Pa = 1 N/m2
Stress Pa
MPa or N/mm2
kgf/mm2
kgf/cm2
1 1 ? 106 9.806 65 ? 106 9.806 65 ? 104
1 ? 10-6 1
9.806 65 9.806 65 ? 10-2
1.019 72 ? 10-7 1.019 72 ? 10-1
1 1 ? 10-2
1.019 72 ? 10-5 1.019 72 ? 10
1 ? 102 1
Work, Energy, Heat J
kW?h
1 3.600 ? 106 9.806 65 4.186 05 ? 103
2.777 78 ? 10-7 1
2.724 07 ? 10-6 1.162 79 ? 10-3
Note: 1 J = 1 W?s, 1 W?h3 600 W?s 1 cal = 4.186 05 J
Power kW
kgf?m/s
1 9.806 65 ? 10-3 7.355 ? 10-1 1.162 79 ? 10-3
1.019 72 ? 102
1
7.5
? 10
1.185 72 ? 10-1
Note: 1 W = 1 J/s, PS: metric horsepower 1 PS = 0.735 5 kW 1 cal = 4.186 05 J
kgf?m
1.019 72 ? 10-1 3.670 98 ? 105
1 4.268 58 ? 102
PS
1.359 62 1.333 33 ? 10-2
1 1.580 95 ? 10-3
kcal
2.388 89 ? 10-4 8.600 0 ? 102 2.342 70 ? 10-3
1
kcal/h
8.600 0 ? 102 8.433 71 6.325 29 ? 102
1
Temperature
T1 = T2 + 273.15 T3 = 1 . 8T2 + 32
T1: thermodynamic temperature K (kelvin) T2: Celsius` temperature scale ?C (degree Celsius) T3: ?F
T-20
Moment of force N?m
newton meter
1 9.807
Note: 1 N?m = 1 kg?m2/S2
kgf?m
0.102 0 1
Viscosity
Pa?s pascal second
cP
P (poise)
1 1 ? 10-3 1 ? 10-1
1 ? 103 1
1 ? 102
1 ? 10 1 ? 10-2
1
Note: 1 P = 1 dyn?s/cm2 = 1 g/cm?s 1 Pa?s = 1 N?s/m2, 1 cP = 1 mPa?s
Dynamic viscosity
m2/S
mm2/S
St
1 1 ? 10-6 1 ? 10-4
1 ? 106 1
1 ? 102
Note: 1 St = 1 cm2/s
Thermal conductivity
1 ? 104 1 ? 10-2
1
W/(m?K)
kcal/(h?m??C)
1 1.162 79 Note: 1 cal = 4.186 05 J
8.600 0 ? 10-1 1
Heat transfer coefficient
W/(m2?K)
kcal/(h?m2??C)
1 1.162 79
Note: 1 cal = 4.186 05 J
8.600 0 ? 10-1 1
Specific heat capacity
J/(kg?K)
kcal/(kg??C) cal/(g??C)
1 4.186 05 ? 103
Note: 1 cal = 4.186 05 J
2.388 89 ? 10-4 1
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