National Adaptation Strategy and Plan of Action on Climate ...

Federal Ministry of Environment Climate Change Department

National Adaptation Strategy and Plan of Action on Climate Change for Nigeria (NASPA-CCN)

December 2011

This document has been prepared by the BNRCC Project in partnership with the Federal Ministry of Environment with contributions by other stakeholders.

The BNRCC project was implemented by ICF Marbek, CUSO-VSO and the Nigerian Environmental Study/Action Team (NEST), with funding from CIDA.

Canadian International Agence canadienne de Development Agency d?veloppement international

Produced with the financial support of the Government of Canada provided through the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)

BNRCC worked in partnership with the Climate Change Department of the Federal Ministry of Environment, the Heinrich B?ll Foundation and NigeriaCAN as Lead Partners in development of the NASPA-CCN. Additional financial support was provided by UNDP Nigeria.

National Adaptation Strategy and Plan of Action on Climate Change for Nigeria (NASPA-CCN) Electronic version: ISBN 978-0-9878656-5-6 Book version: ISBN 978-0-9878656-4-9

Foreword

Nigeria is highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, with significant impacts expected in all regions of the country and in all sectors of the economy.

Climate trends and projections point to significant negative impacts on agricultural productivity, affecting the livelihoods of farming families and communities, and reducing domestic food security. These same climate trends and projections also point to negative impacts on our vital freshwater resources, including increases in both flooding and drought conditions (depending on the region). We can also expect impacts on our coastal systems, including increased risk of storm surge damage, inundation of low-lying areas and salt-water intrusion into freshwater systems, all due to sea level rise. Climate change will also put pressure on our fisheries, our forests, and on Nigeria's rich biodiversity.

In addition to impacts on our natural resource base, Nigerians may experience increased exposure to infectious diseases and water- and food-borne illness. Climate hazards such as extreme storms will impact housing and communities, businesses, and critical national infrastructure (especially energy, transportation, and communications). The social impacts of climate change are also likely to be severe. Climate change will affect livelihoods in impacted sectors, and will have particularly significant consequences for vulnerable groups (such as the poor, children, women, and the elderly). Taken together, these and other impacts mean that climate change is likely to undermine efforts to achieve Nigeria's development objectives, including the targets set out in Nigeria Vision 20:2020 and the Millennium Development Goals.

To prepare for and reduce these negative impacts of climate change, adaptation is essential. The word "adaptation" refers to changes that reduce the harm caused by climate change ? for instance, changes in agricultural practices, improvements in how we manage and use water, and diversification of livelihoods. Adaptation is usually a longer-term process combining new and old strategies and knowledge.

To be effective, Nigeria's adaptation efforts need to be comprehensive and well planned, and need to involve all Nigerians. To address this need, on behalf of the Federal Government of Nigeria I am pleased to launch the National Adaptation Strategy and Plan of Action on Climate Change for Nigeria (NASPA-CCN). The NASPA-CCN seeks to minimize risks, improve local and national adaptive capacity and resilience, leverage new opportunities, and facilitate collaboration with the global community, all with a view to reducing Nigeria's vulnerability to the negative impacts of climate change.

The NASPA-CCN is vital to Nigeria's future prosperity, to our efforts to reduce poverty in our country, and to protection of our natural resource base. The Government of Nigeria is committed to playing its part in implementing the NASPA-CCN, to help ensure effective climate change adaptation in this country.

Hadiza Ibrahim Mailafia Minister of Environment December 2011

Table of Contents Executive Summary

i

Acronyms

xiii

Definitions

xiv

Section I. Background

1

1. Introduction

3

2. Climate Change in Nigeria

7

3. Climate Change Impacts in Nigeria

14

4. How Nigeria is Responding to Climate Change

28

Section II. The Strategy

31

5. NASPA-CCN Framework

33

6. Recommended Adaptation Policies, Programmes and Measures

39

Section III. The Plan of Action

67

7. NASPA-CCN Roles and Responsibilities

69

8. NASPA-CCN Implementation

74

Appendix A NASPA-CCN Lead Partners, Development Team and Support

93

Appendix B Reference and Bibliography

95

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