C4#Laboratories,#LLC Suite#B202

[Pages:8]Dear Valued Colleague,

C4 Laboratories, LLC

1930 S. Alma School Rd

Suite B202

Mesa, AZ 85210



"Patient protection through true science"

Thank you for selecting C4 Laboratories. Our goal at C4 is to provide reliable data that is interpreted within the appropriate physiological context, to ultimately empower patients to use cannabis medicine more effectively.

The data within this report are the result of various analytical methods that have been developed by the team of scientists at C4 Laboratories. For the characterization and quantification of 21 terpene compounds and residual solvents we use Head--Space Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection (HS--GC--FID). Additionally, Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) is used for the characterization and quantification of the 10 major phytocannabinoids found in cannabis. All data are collected in concert with proper quality assurance/quality control measures (QA/QC), including the use of intermittent analytical blanks, sample spikes, and commercial standards.

As an additional measure of quality control, we provide a historical reference (when available) to analytical results from an equivalent strain of cannabis/cannabis product to draw comparison. We understand that within an individual strain that results may vary as a result of variances in sample homogeniety, analytical

InfomrmethoEdnolvogiryo, cnromp ceonndtaitilo,nLs,L geCnetic drift, and/or gene flow during hybridization. However, such a

6060 N. Central Expressway Suite 500

Dallasc, oTemxapsa7r5is2o06n can provide valuable insight into sample integrity and/or the phenotypic identity of the analyzed sample. Phone: 915-694-7132

E-Mail: zac@;

Additionally, we have interpreted all data within the physiological context provided to us by the growing

ruitt

Meander Rd, Gboradnyb ourfy p, eTeerx-a-rsev7i6e0w49ed scientific research studies. Key factors to consider when determing how to most 999-7931 appropriately use a particular strain of cannabis include, but are not limited to, an evaluation of the possible

t@

cannabinoid/terpene synergies and an analysis of the various cannabinoid ratios, particular the CBD--A/THC--

A and CBG/CBN ratios.

Mr. Pruitt,

Within this rIetp iosr itmyopuorwtiallnftin tdoi nntoetrper tehtaattio wnsheonf t ahenawlyazteinrgq ucaalnitnyadbaitsa trheesruelt i cnagnfr eoxmistth neatural variablity of cannabinoid and

ses of your wteellrwpeanteer cpoenrfcoermnterdatbiyonTsT wI Eitnhviniro innmdievnidtaul aLla pbloarnattso.r i Cesa.nTnhaebisnaomidp lceosnwceenretrations in cannabis flower have been

rved ction

aAngdenpcryepfo(aEurePndAd) a . tosB iprnieecrfrlyem,aesdteeh to dedicsottilooangllyya wanpditphrqo ruveaesndptiefbiccyat t ttihooen thUoefn irtvoeodolatSt milteaatesassn.d EAnssv e simurocin-hvm,o etlahntetiale lanalysis of multiple samples from any

ounds was peprfloarnmte odf uinstinegreEstP Ais rmeectohmodm8e2n6d0eBd. .Additionally, the quantification of metal

es and water anions was performed using EPA methods 200.7 and 300A, respectively. All

minations were executed using EPA approved methods and the resulting data has

rgone a thorouTghharnevki e ywoua n adgaisind efoerm yeoduarc ccounraftiedeanncdec oinm Cp4le tLea.boratories. We strive to be an authority on cannabis education,

u have any quteasrtgioentsedab tohuetrathpeiewsa atnerdq puaatliiteyndt a ptraoatencdt/oiornth. eAlisnote, r apsre ata rteiosnesarocfht h laebdoartaat,ory, we hope to discover novel e do not hesitactaentnoacboinst a ccotnusstiatut zeanct@ s tinhfroorumgehn v o.cuorm efofor r9t1s5 w-6i9th4- a71ca3d2.emic research programs in the C4 Cannabinomics

Collaborative. For more information about how you can collaborate with our research team please visit our

website at .

Zacariah L. Hildenbrand, Ph.D. Chief Scientific Officer C4 Laboratories, LLC

Zacariah L. Hildenbrand, Ph.D. Chief Technology Officer

PRODUCT SUMMARY

ID: EC_DCBD1_121715

Analyte: Flower

Strain: DCBD1

Client: Errl Cup

Date: 12/17/15

Microbial Screen: PASS

Foreign Material: PASS

Pesticide Analysis: Not performed

Residual Solvents: Not performed

Major 10 Cannabinoids:

23.78%

Total available THC:

8.28%

Total THC Isomers:

8.28% 9 + 8 THC

Total available CBD:

12.06%

Highest Terpenes: Not performed

Not performed

Not performed

Activated THC: 0.000 (mg)

APPLICABLE TO MEDIBLES, TINCTURES AND SALVES

Fresh product (CBG/CBN):

0.00

CBG/CBN > 1.0 denotes fresh product, CBG/CBN < 1.0 denotes high CBN strain and/or an oxidized product

Targeted Use: Modulates THC--induced psychoactivity (CBD), anti--inflammatory and analgesic (THC),

appetite stimulant (CBN), antibacterial and antifungal (CBC)

Potency Profile CBDV

CBD--A

Value (%) 0.00

13.75

Historical (%)

Therapeutic properties

#N/A #N/A

Not detected.

See therapeutic properties of CBD for medicinal value upon activation through decarboxylation

CBG

Not detected.

0.00

#N/A

CBD

Not detected.

0.00

#N/A

THCV CBN 9--THC

Not detected.

0.00

#N/A

Appetite stimulant (Farrimond et al., 2012), analgesic

(Zygmunt et al., 2002) and anti--tumorigenic against some

0.39

#N/A forms of lung cancer (BiFulco et al., 2006)

Anti--inflammatory and analgesic (Russo, 2011),

neuroprotectant (Hampson et al., 1999), reduces intraocular

pressure associated with glaucoma, spasticity and muscle

1.06

#N/A tension (Pacher et al., 2006)

8--THC

0.00

CBC

9--THC--A

Total Available THC Total THC Isomers Total Available CBD CBD/9--THC ratio

CBG/CBN ratio

0.35

8.23

8.28 8.28 12.06 1.457 0.00

#N/A

#N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A

Not detected.

Antibacterial and antifungal (ElSohly et al., 1982), anti-- inflammatory (Izzo et al., 2012; Delong et al., 2010), antidepressant (El--Alfy et al., 2010; Deyo and Musty, 2003), and stimulates bone and nerve growth (Shingyo and Di Marzo, 2013) See therapeutic properties of 9--THC for medicinal value upon activation through decarboxylation

General Characteristics 9--THC--A + 9--THC (accounts for conversion rate) 9--THC--A + 9--THC + 8--THC (accounts for conversion rate) CBD--A + CBD (accounts for conversion rate) CBD--dominant, non--psychoactive CBG/CBN > 1.0 denotes fresh product, CBG/CBN < 1.0 denotes high CBN strain and/or an oxidized product

Major 10 Total

23.78

#N/A #N/A

Historical measurements based on analysis of equivalent product

N/A

Blank cells denote cannabinoid concentrations below the limit of detection (0.01%)

#N/A

Terpene Profile alpha--Pinene

Camphene beta--Pinene beta--Myrcene delta--3--Carene alpha--Terpinene p--Cymene

Value (%) Historical (%)

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

#N/A

#N/A

#N/A

#N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A

Not detected. Not detected. Not detected. Not detected. Not detected. Not detected.

Therapeutic properties

d--Limonene

Ocimene gamma--Terpinene

Terpinolene

0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000

#N/A

#N/A #N/A #N/A

Not detected.

Not detected. Not detected. Not detected.

Linalool (--)--Isopulegol

Geraniol

0.000 0.000

0.000

#N/A #N/A

#N/A

Not detected. Not detected. Not detected.

beta--Caryophyllene alpha--Humulene

0.000 0.000

#N/A #N/A

Not detected. Not detected.

Nerolidol Guaiol

(--)--alpha--Bisabolol

0.000 0.000 0.000

#N/A #N/A #N/A

Not detected. Not detected. Not detected.

Eucalyptol (--)--Caryophyllene oxide

Terpene Total

0.000

0.000 0.000

#N/A

#N/A #N/A

Not detected. Not detected. #N/A

* Based on historical measurements of equivalent strain/product Blank cells denote terpene concentrations below the limit of detection (0.001%)

Cannabinoid Ratios CBD--A/9--THC--A ratio is within the optimal therapeutic range of 1--2 (Lemberger et al., 1976; Burnett, 2014) CBD--A/9--THC--A ratio is above 1, user is less likely to experience tachycardia (increased heart rate) and difficulty walking, which can result from THC ingestion (Burnett, 2014) CBG/CBN > 1.0 denotes fresh product and is useful for the treatment of gastrointestinal abnormalities (Borrelli et al., 2013), CBG/CBN < 1.0 denotes high CBN strain and/or an oxidized product

Cannabinoid/Terpene Synergies (Russo, 2011)

Additional Observations Terpene analysis was not performed Residual Solvents Not performed Pesticides Not performed

References

G. Appendinoa et al., "NPC Natural Product Communications 2008," NPC Natural Product Communications: 1977. M. Backes, "Cannabis Pharmacy," 2014. F. Bettarini et al., "Antiparasitic compounds from East African plants: isolation and biological activity of anonaine, matricarianol, canthin--6--one, and caryophyllene oxide," Insect Sciences and Applications 14, 1993. M. BiFulco et al., "Cannabinoids and cancer: pros and cons of an antitumor strategy," British Journal of Pharmacology 148, 2006. L. Binet et al., "Recherches sur les proprietes pharmacodynamiques de quelques alcools terpeniques aliphatiques," Ann Pharm Fr 30, 1972.

F. Borrelli et al., "Beneficial effect of the non--psychotropic plant cannabinoid cannabigerol on experimental inflammatory bowel disease, " Biochemical Pharmacology 85, 2013. G. Buchbauer et al., "Fragrance compounds and essential oils with sedative effects upon inhalation," Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 82, 1993. M. Burnett, "Finding the optimal therapeutic ratio of THC and CBD," , 2014. W.E. Campbell et al., "Composition and anti--malarial activity in vitro of essential oil of Tetradenia riparia," Planta Med 63, 1997 G.T. DeLong et al., "Pharmacological evaluation of the natural constituent of Cannabis sativa, cannabichromene and its modulation by delta--9-- tetrahydrocannabinol," Drug Alcohol Dependence 112, 2010. R. Deyo and R. Musty, "A cannabichromene (CBC) extract alters behavioral despair on the mouse tail suspension test of depression," Proceedings 2003 Symposium on the Cannabinoids (Cornwall, ON: International Cannabinoid Research Society, 2003) A.T. El--Alfy et al., "Antidepressant--like effect of delta--9--tetrahydrocannabinol and other cannabinoids isolated from Cannabis sativa," Pharmacological Biochemical Behavior 95, 2010. E. Elisabetsky et al., "Effects of linalool on glutamatergic system in the rat cerebral cortex," Neurochemical Research 20, 1995. H.N. ElSohly et al., "Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of certain cannabichromene and cannabigerol--related compounds," Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 71, 1982. A.A. Falk et al., "Uptake, distribution and elimination of alpha--pinene in man after exposure by inhalation," Scandinavian Journal of Work and Environmental Health 16, 1990. J.A. Farrimond et al., "Cannabinol and cannabidiol exert opposing effects on rat feeding patterns," Psychopharmacology 223, 2012. M.L. Gil et al., "Comparative study of different essential oils of Bupleurum gibraltaricum lamarck ," Pharmazie 44, 1989.

A.J. Hampson et al., "Cannabidiol and delta--9--tetrahydrocannabinol are neuroprotective antioxidants." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States 14, 1998.

B. Harris, "Phytotherapeutic uses of essential oils," Handbook of Essential Oils: Science, Technology and Application. CRC Press, pp:315--352, 2010. A.A. Izzo et al., "Inhibitory effect of cannabichromene, a major non--psychotropic cannabinoid extracted from Cannabis sativa, on inflammation--induced hypermotility in mice," British Journal of Pharmacology 166, 2012. N.A. Jones et al., "Cannabidiol displays antiepileptiform and antiseizure properties in vitro and in vivo," Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 332, 2010. S.S. Kim et al., "Biological activities of Korean citrus obovoides and citrus natsudaidal essential oils against acne--inducing bacteria," Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry 72, 2008. T. Komori et al., "Effects of citrus fragrance on immune function and depressive states," Neuroimmunomodulation 2, 1995,

L. Lemberger et al., "Clincial studies on the interaction of psychopharmacologic agents with marijuana," Ann NY Academia Sciences 281, 1976.

N.P. Lopes et al., "Antimalarial use of volatile oil from leaves of Virola surinamensis," Journal of Ethnopharmacology 67, 1999. P. Pacher et al., "The endocannabinoid system as an emerging target of pharmacotherapy," Pharmacological Reviews 58, 2006.

N.S. Perry et al., "In vitro inhibition of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase by Salvia lanvandulaefolia essential oil and constituent terpenes," Journal of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, 52, 2000. G. Riedel et al., "Synthetic and plant--derived cannabinoid receptor antagonists show hypophagic properties in fasted and non--fasted mice," British Journal of Pharmacology 156, 2009.

P. Robson, "Therapeutic aspects of cannabis and cannabinoids," British Journal of Psychiatry 178, 2001.

H. Rodrgues Goulart et al., "Terpenes arrest parasite development and inhibit biosynthesis of isoprenoids in Plasmodium falciparum," Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapies 48, 2004. E.B. Russo, Handbook of Psychotropic Herbs: A Scientific Analysis of Herbal Remedies for Psychiatric Conditions. Haworth Press, 2001.

E.B. Russo, "Taming THC: Potential cannabis synergy and phytocannabinoid--terpenoid entourage effects," British Journal of Pharmacology 163, 2011.

E.B. Russo and G.W. Guy, "A tale of two cannabinoids: the therapeutic rationale for combining tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol," Medical Hypotheses 66, 2006.

S. Sarfaraz et al., "Cannabinoids for cancer treatment: progress and promise," Cancer Research 68, 2008. N. Shingyo and V. Di Marzo, "The effect of cannabichromene on adult neural stem/progenitor cells," Neurochemistry International 63, 2013. Y. Tambe et al., "Gastric cytoprotection of the non--steroidal anti--inflammatory sesquiterpene, beta--caryophyllene," Planta Med 62, 1996. T.G. do Vale et al., "Central effects of citral, myrcene and limonene, constituents of essential oil chemotypes from Lippia alba," Phytomedicine 9, 2002. D.M. Vigushin et al., "Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of d--limonene in patients with advanced cancer," Cancer Chemotherapy Pharmacology 42, 1998. E.T. Wargent et al., "The cannabinoid delta--9--tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) ameliorates insulin sensitivity in two mouse models of obesity," Nutritional Diabetes 27, 2013. D. Yang et al., "Use of caryophyllene oxide and an anti--fungal agent in an in vitro experimental model of onychomycosis," Mycopathologia 148, 1999. P.M. Zygmunt et al., "delta--9--tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabinol activate capsaicin--sensitive sensory nerves via a CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptor--independent mechanism," Journal of Neuroscience 22, 2002. V. Corpas--Lopez et al., "a--Bisabolol, a promising oral comppund for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis." J Natural Products 78, 2015. S. Kim et al., "Dietary camphene attentuates hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice," Obesity 2, 2014. M.A. Ocete, " Pharmacological activity of the essential oil of Bupleurum gibraltericum: anti--inflammatory activity and effects on isolated rat uteri," J. Ethnopharmacology 3, 1989. L. Chen et al., "Protective effect of p--cymene on lipopolysaccharide--induced acute lung injury in mice," Inflammation 37(2), 2014 A. Khan, "Eucalyptol mitigates inflammation in amyloaid Beta toxicated PC12 cells: relevance to Alzheimer's disease," Neurochemical Research 39(2), 2014. K. Medicherla, "Oral administration of geraniol ameliorates acute experiemental murine colitis by inhibiting pro--inflammatory cytokines and NF--kB signaling," Food Funct, 2015. M.A. Apel, "Anti--inflammatory activity of essential oil from leaves of Myrciaria tenella and Calycorectes sellowianus," Pharm Biol 48(4), 2010. A.P. Rogerio et al., "Preventative and therapeutic anti--inflammatory properties of the sesquiterpene alpha--humulene in experimental airways allergic inflammation," British J. Pharmacology 158(4), 2009. M.I. Silva, " Central nervous system activity of acute administration of isopulegol in mice," Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 88(2), 2007. C. Cavaleiro, "Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Angelica major against Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus dermatophyte species," J Natural Medicine 69(2), 2015. T.R. Ramalho, "Gamma--Terpinene modulate acute inflammatory response in mice," Planta Medicine, 2015. H. Turkez, "Genotoxic and oxidative damage potentials in human lymphocytes after exposure to terpinolene in vitro," Cytotechnology 67(3), 2015.

Questions regarding the results and/or the interpretations described within this report can be addressed to Zacariah Hildenbrand at zac@ or 915--694--7132

12/18/2015 12:10:03 PM Page 1 / 1

C4 Laboratories, LLC 1930 S. Alma School Rd Suite B202 Mesa, AZ 85210

"Patient protection through true science"

C4 Laboratories, LLC

Sample Name : DCBD-1

Sample ID

: Errl Cup

Data Filename : DCBD-1_002.lcd

Method Filename : 10 Cannabinoids Standard Method mgperLv4.lcm

Batch Filename : Batch v4.lcb

Vial #

: 1-38

Sample Type

Injection Volume : 5 uL

Date Acquired : 12/18/2015 11:10:04 AM

Acquired by

Date Processed : 12/18/2015 11:17:05 AM

Processed by

: Flower

: Aaron J. Hicks : Sean S. Jun

Cannabinoids by HPLC

mAU

200

PDA Multi 1 220nm,4nm

THC-A / 8.233 %

CBD-A / 13.754 %

150

% %

100

1.056 0.346

/ /

CBN / 0.391 %

TH C CB C

50

0

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

min

Cannabinoids

PDA Ret. Time -2.206 ---2.762 3.246 -3.376 3.638

Area --

352505 ----

13590 22077

-7223 197602

Conc. -- CBD-V

13.754% CBD-A -- CBG -- CBD -- THC-V

0.391% CBN 1.056% THC

-- d8-THC 0.346% CBC 8.233% THC-A

Name

C:?LabSolutions?Data?18 Dec 2015?DCBD-1_002.lcd

 ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download