Paleolithic and Neolithic Man



Paleolithic and Neolithic Man

World History:

 

Paleolithic Man: (90% of humanity is the lower paleolithic)

• •        Old stone age: 1.5 million(8,000 BC

• •        Change extremely slow, extremely…

• •        Change began to occur as these people began to take notice of the world around them.

• •        First stone tools

• •        Biface, pear shaped scraping tool, looks lie a teardrop

• •        Remains of humans have been found in Java as old as 775, 000 years old

• •        Homo (human) Erectus (upright)(1.5 million BC(300,000 years ago

• •        Tools made chipped from stone, flint

• •        One design found around the globe, meaning….transmission of design or knowledge.

• •        500,000 years ago Homo Erectus developed the ability to control fire

• •        Expanded diet

• •        Housing

• •        Protection

• •        Location

• •        Religion

• •        Health

• •        Almost all early humans were migratory farmers, their housing and their life remnants suggest this.

• •        Each small band which usually consisted of a family or two used a huge area and there is evidence of territorialism within their lands.

• •        As physical devlopment continued through the period of the ice age, it is obvious that the key to humanity has been several things:

• •        Dominance over animals

• •        Understanding of requirements necessary to cohabitate with environment

• •        Development of Fire

• •        Development of Animal and Plant domestication techniques

• •        The first three are PALEOLITHIC achievements the last is a Neolithic

Neolithic Man

□ ♦      Neolithic: New Stone Age

□ ♦      Time frame: 8,000 BC(3,000 BC

□ ♦      The rise of the Homo Sapien

□ ♦      Homo-human, Sapien knowing

□ ♦      Earliest example: Neanderthals found in the Neand Gorge in Germany

□ ♦      Time frame: 150,000(35,000 years ago

□ ♦      Characteristics:

□ ♦      Nomads

□ ♦      Large game hunters, Mammoth

□ ♦      Better tools

□ ♦      Better clothing and shelter

□ ♦      Early examples of religious belief, by the burial of items with their dead…an afterlife

□ ♦      Their demise in 34,000 BC is uncertain

□ ♦         Cro Magnon

□ ♦      Appeared near the time of Neanderthal demise

□ ♦      Nomads/Hunters

□ ♦      First group structure

□ ♦      First examples of male female distinction, in drawings

□ ♦      Advancements:

□ ♦      Tools

□ ♦      Grind and polish

□ ♦      Saws, chisels, and wedges

□ ♦      Weapons

□ ♦      Spears

□ ♦      Bow and Arrow

□ ♦      Needle

□ ♦      Forces beyond their control

□ ♦      Religion

□ ♦      Neolithic mans most significant contribution…Agriculture

□ ♦      Agricultural Revolution: 8,000 BC(5,000 BC

□ ♦      Most likely occurred by accident

□ ♦      Most likely occurred in present day Syria or Jordan in the Middle East

□ ♦      6,000 BC the invention of the plow

□ ♦      Domestication of Animals probably developed from taking in weak or young animals that were hunted…they were then tamed and began to breed. Hey a food source!

□ ♦      Storage: clay pots and jars for grains

□ ♦      Around these new processes will arise

□ ♦      new community functions, specialization of jobs

□ ♦      Religious values due to controlling of the necessary ingredients of agriculture by beings beyond our control

□ ♦      Gaining control of environment around them

□ ♦      Rise of economics

□ ♦      Allowing for permanence of settlements

□ ♦      Variety of settlement

□ ♦      Surpluses are going to allow for free time which will allow the rise of human thought processes beyond the demands of controlling human food needs.

□ ♦      Cultural development

❑ θ       Thus the four keys to human cultural evolution and the road to modernism are…

❑ θ       Fire

❑ θ       Agriculture

❑ θ       Coexistence with environment

❑ θ       Dominance over Animals

 

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