Regents Earth Science



Regents Earth Science

Earth Science

1. Scope of Earth Science

a. Astronomy

b. Meteorology

c. Geology

2. Earth’s Systems (RT 11)

a. Lithosphere

b. Hydrosphere

c. Atmosphere

d. Biosphere

3. Scientific Method (lab P-2 Sunspot Analysis)

a. Question/problem

b. Hypothesis

c. Experiments

d. Data Analysis and Conclusions

4. Measurement (lab P-1 Density)

a. Length

b. Weight/Mass

c. Area/Volume

d. Density (RT1)

e. Time

f. Temperature

5. Scientific Notation

Mapping our World (pages26-49)(Labs 1-1 Earth’s Circumference, 1-2 Earth’s Shape)

1. Latitude

2. Longitude

3. Time Zones

4. Topographic Maps (lab Cossayuna Quad.)

a. Contour Lines

b. Map Legends and Map Scales

c. Gradient (RT1)

Composition of Earth (pages 50-147)

1. Matter

a. Elements (RT11)

b. Compounds

c. States of Matter

2. Minerals (RT16) (Lab 2-2 Mineral ID**)

a. Mineral Formation

b. Mineral Groups (silicates, oxides, carbonates, native)

c. Mineral Identification (luster, hardness, breakage, color)

d. Mineral Uses

3. Igneous Rocks (RT6) (Lab 2-3 Igneous Rock ID**)

a. Types of Igneous Rock/Formation (intrusive/extrusive)

b. Types of Magma (Rhyolitic, Andesitic, Basaltic)

c. Igneous Rock Identification

d. Igneous Rock Uses

4. Sedimentary Rock (RT7) (Lab 2-4 Sedimentary Rock ID**)

a. Methods of Formation (Weathering/Erosion/Deposition)

b. Clastic Sediments

c. Lithification

d. Sedimentary Rock Identification

5. Metamorphic Rock (RT7) (Lab 2-5 Metamorphic Rock Identification**)

a. Methods of Formation

b. Metamorphic Rock Identification

** Part of the Regents Lab Practicum

Surface Processes (pages 150-267)(Labs 3-9, 3-10 Landscapes, NY, US)(RT2)

1. Weathering

a. Chemical

b. Physical

2. Agents of Erosion

a. Running Water (Rivers/River Systems)(RT6)

b. Glaciers (Alpine/Continental)

c. Wind

d. Mass Movements (Slides, Creep, Flows, Slump)

3. Soil

a. Formation of Soil

b. Types of Soil

Historical Geology/Geologic Time (pages 550-647)(5-1 Sequence of Events and 5-2 Matching Rock Layers)(RT3,8/9)

1. Geologic Time Scale (Eons, Eras, Periods, Epochs)

2. Determining the Relative-Age of Rocks

a. Geologic Principles (Uniformitarianism, Original Horizontality,

Superposition, Cross-cutting)

b. Unconformities

c. Correlating Rock Layers

3. Absolute-Age Dating of Rocks

a. Radioactive Decay (RT1)

b. Half-Lives

4. Fossils

5. Precambrian Earth

a. Formation of the Crust

b. Formation of the Continents

c. Formation of the Oceans

d. Formation of Life

6. Paleozoic Era (RT8/9)

7. Mesozoic Era (RT8/9)

8. Cenozoic Era (RT8/9)

Plate Tectonics (pages440-549)(Labs 4-1 Patterns of Crustal Activity, 4-2 Crustal Boundaries, 4-4 Origin of the Hawaiian Islands, 4-5 Finding Epicenters**) (RT5,10,11)

1. Continental Drift (Alfred Wegner)

a. Fossil Evidence

b. Rock Evidence

2. Seafloor Spreading

a. Technology of Seafloor Mapping

b. Ocean Floor Topography

c. Age of Ocean Floor Rock

d. Reverse Magnetism

3. Theory of Plate Tectonics

a. Plate Boundaries (RT5) (Divergent, Convergent, Transform)

b. Cause of Plate Motion (Mantle Convection)

4. Volcanic Activity

a. Magma (Silica Content and Viscosity)

b. Intrusive Volcanism (Plutons)

c. Types of Volcanoes (Shield, Cinder-Cone, Composite)

d. Location of Volcanoes (Plate Boundaries)

e. Hot Spots (Hawaii, Yellowstone)

f. Volcanic Hazards (Effect on Humans)

5. Earthquakes

a. Seismic Waves (RT11) (P-Waves, S-Waves)

b. Earthquake Magnitude (Richter Scale)

c. Finding Epicenters

d. Location of Major Earthquakes (Plate Boundaries)

e. Earthquake Hazards (Effects on Humans)

6. Mountain Building

a. Crust-Mantle Relationship (Isostasy)

b. Orogeny (Ocean-Ocean, Ocean-Continent, Continent-

Continent Convergence)

c. Other Types of Mountains (Volcanoes, Fault-Block, Uplifted)

** Part of the Regents Lab Practicum

Meteorology and the Atmosphere (pages 270-383) (Labs 6-4 Dewpoint and Cloud Formation, 6-5 Weather Patterns, 7-1 Angle of Insolation, 7-3 Coastal and Continental Temperature Changes, 7-10 Hawaiian Rainfall Patterns) (RT 1, 4, 11, 12, 13, 14)

1. The Atmosphere

a. Composition (RT11)

b. Structure (RT14)

c. Heat Transfer (Radiation, Conduction, Convection)

d. Dewpoints (Adiabatic Rates) (RT12)

e. Air Pressure (Air Density)

f. Wind

g. Relative Humidity (RT12)

h. Cloud Formation

i. Orographic Effect

2. Meteorology

a. Air Masses and Source Regions (RT13)

b. Global Wind Systems (RT14) (Cold, Warm)

c. Fronts (RT13)

d. Pressure Systems (Highs, Lows)

e. Gathering Weather Data

f. Weather Map Analysis and Station Models (RT13)

g. Weather Forecasting

3. Storms

a. Thunderstorms

b. Tornadoes

c. Tropical Storms (Hurricanes)

d. Storm Hazards (Effects on Humans)

e. Recurring Weather (Droughts, Floods, Heat Waves)

4. Climate

a. Causes of Climate (Latitude, Altitude, Topography)

b. Classification of Climate (Moisture/Temperature)

c. Natural Climate Changes (Ice Ages, el niño, seasons,

Volcanism)

d. Human Effects on Climate Change (Greenhouse Effect, Global

Warming)

5. Oceanography

a. Origins

b. Currents and Waves

c. Tides

Astronomy (pages 744- 861) (Labs 8-1 Apparent Diurnal Motion of the Sun, 8-3 Ellipses**, 8-5 the Solar System, #27-2 Kepler’s Laws, #28-2 Is the Sun an Average Star?) (RT1, 14, 15)

1. Earth-Sun-Moon System

a. Lunar Surface

b. Moon Formation (Impact Theory)

c. Daily Motion/ Earth’s Rotation

d. Annual Motion/Earth’ Revolution

e. Effect of the Earth’s Tilt on Insolation (23.5˚)

f. Lunar Phases

g. Tides/Eclipses

2. The Solar System (RT15)

a. Gravity (Mass and Distance Relationships)

b. Planetary Motion (Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion)

c. Terrestrial Planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars)

d. Jovian Planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune)

e. Solar System Formation

3. Stars (RT15)

a. The Sun (Composition/Structure)

b. Stellar Distances

c. Star Classification (Luminosity, Temperature, Color)

d. Stellar Evolution/”Life Cycles” of Stars

4. Galaxies and the Universe

a. Shapes and Types of Galaxies

b. Expanding Universe (Red Shifts)

c. Formation of the Universe (Big Bang Theory)

** Part of the Regents Lab Practicum

Grading

• 40% weekly Quizzes (Friday)

• 40% Exams (2/MP at the end of each Unit)

• 20% Lab Grades

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