Physics Formulas and Constants - OAK PARK USD



Physics Formulas and Constants

|Metric Prefixes |Astronomy |Subatomic Parts |Conversions |Constants |Common Angles |

|giga, G, 109 |me = 5.97 x 1024 kg |

|Average Velocity vav in m/s |vav = ½(vo + vt) = d/t |

|Acceleration a in m/s2 |a = (vt – vo)/t |

|Uniform Circular Motion |v = 2πr/T |

|(circumference = 2πr, T = period) | |

| |ac = v2/r |

|Kinematic Equations |d = vot + ½at2 |

| | |

| |Ry = Rsinθ |

| |R = (Rx2 + Ry2)½ |

| |tanθ = Ry/Rx |

|Force F in N |F|| = ma |

|ΣF|| = ma | |

|ΣF⊥ = 0 | |

| |Fg = mg = GMm/r2 |

| |Ff ≤ μFn |

| |Fs = kx |

| |Fc = mv2/r |

|Torque τ in m•N |τ = r⊥Fr |

|Center of Mass cm in m |cm = Σ(rimi)/Σ(mi) |

|Work W in J |W = F||d |

|Power P in W = J/s |P = W/t = Fvav |

|Kinetic Energy K in J |K = ½mv2 |

| |Kr = ½βmv2 |

|Potential Energy U in J |Ug = mgh = -GMm/r |

| |Us = ½kx2 |

|Conservation of Mechanical Energy |K + U ± W = K' + U' |

|Momentum p in kg•m/s |p = mv |

|Impulse J in N•s = kg•m/s |J = FΔt = mΔv = Δp |

|K Δ p |K = p2/2m |

|Conservation of Momentum |pA + pB = pA' + pB' |

|Angular Momentum L in kg•m2/s |L = rβmv |

|Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) |Ts = 2π(m/k)½ |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| |vo = 2πA/T = A(k/m)½ |

| |aA = vo2/A = A(k/m) |

| |Ko = ½mv2 |

| |UA = ½kA2 |

|Pendulum |Tp = 2π(L/g)½ |

|Mass-Energy |E = mc2 |

|Nuclear Reaction |mreactants = mproducts ± mBE |

|Particle Wavelength |λparticle = h/p |

|Photon in J or eV |Ephoton = hf = mc2 |

| |Ephoton= 1240 eV•nm/λnm |

| |pphoton = mc = h/λ = E/c |

|Electron Energy Levels in J or eV |En-electron = -B/n2 |

|Photoelectrons in J or eV |Kelectron = Ephoton - φmetal |

|Density ρ in kg/m3 |ρ = m/V |

|Pressure P in Pa = N/m2 |P = F/A |

| |P = ρgh |

|Buoyancy Fb in N |Fb = ρfVog |

|Volume Flow Rate in m3/s |V/t = A1v1 = A2v2 |

|Bernoulli's Equation in Pa |P + ρgy + ½ρv2 = C |

|Specific Gravity |s.g. = ρobject/ρfluid |

|Rate of Heat Transfer in W |H = kA(TH – TL)/L |

|Thermal Expansion in m |ΔL = αLoΔT |

|Molecular Kinetic Energy in J |K = 3/2RT = ½Mv2 |

|Ideal Gas Law |PV = nRT |

|Calorimetry in J |Q = mcΔT |

|Heat Engines in J |ΔU = Qin + Win |

| | |

|isobaric | |

|isothermic | |

|isometric adiabatic | |

| |Win = -PΔV |

| |ΔU = 3/2Δ(PV) = 3/2nRΔT |

| |ec = (TH – TL)/TH |

| |e = |Win – Wout|/ΣQin |

|Mechanical Waves |T = 1/f |

| |vw = λ/T = λf |

| |vw = [FT/(m/L)]½ (string) |

| |λn = 2L/n, fn = nf1 |

| |f' = f(vw ± vo)/(vw ± vs) |

|Radius of Curvature r |r = 2f |

|Refraction |vn = c/n, fn = f1, λn = λ1/n |

| |n1sinθ1= n2sinθ2 |

| |sinθc = nlow/nhigh |

|Lens and Mirrors |1/do + 1/±di = 1/±f |

|convex lens = concave mirror | |

| |M = hi/ho = -di/do |

| 2 slit Interference m =|tanθ = x/L |

|1 | |

|x | |

|d θ L m | |

|= 0 | |

| |sinθc = mλ/d |

| |sinθd = (m + ½)λ/d |

|Light Spot Width W |W ≈ 2λL/D |

|Electric Field E in N/C = V/m |E = k|Q|/r2 |

|Electric Force Fe in N |Fe = k|Qq|/r2 = |q|E |

|Voltage V in J/C = V |V = kQ/r |

|Electric Energy Ue in J |Ue = kQq/r = qV |

|Capacitance C in F |C = єoA/d |

| Vhigh+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 6 V |V = Ed |

|4 V | |

|d E | |

|2 V | |

|Vlow – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0 V | |

| |Q = CV |

| |UC = ½QV = ½CV2 = ½Q2/C |

| |1/Cs = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + ... |

| |Cp = C1 + C2 + ... |

|Battery in V |V = E – IR |

| |Es = E1 ± E2 |

|Current I in A = C/s |I = Q/t |

|Resistors in Ω |R = ρL/A |

| |V = IR |

| |P = IV = I 2R = V2/R |

| |Rs = R1 + R2 + ... |

| |1/Rp = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + ... |

|Magnetic Field B in T |Bstraight = k'I/r |

| |Bloop = μoI(N/L) |

|Magnetic Force FB in N |FB = qvB = ILB |

|Induced emf E in V |ΦB = A x B |

| |E = ΔΦB/Δt = vLB |

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