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108584-405765President:Nadia Espinoza CastorenaCountry:Ambassador:Lorena Parga Tolano CubaDesigner:Yair Arizpe GarciaDate:Secretary:Rodolfo ElizondoMarch 4, 2014Delegate Country Research Organizer Your Country:CubaHow big is your country? (Include square km & ranking): The area of ??Cuba is 109 884 square kilometers (including coastal and territorial waters is 110,860 sq v vuare kilometers).Where is it located and what is it’s neighbors:It is an island nation in the Caribbean, an archipelago nestled in the Caribbean Sea, whose form of government is a socialist republic. Bahamas, Jamaica, Haiti and the Dominican Republic are neighbors of CubaDescribe any conflicts or border disputes with neighboring countries:The commercial, economic and financial embargo of the United States against Cuba (also known in Cuba as the lock).Describe other transnational issues your country struggles with:there isn’t another problemHow does your population compare to other countries? Is it a mostly older or younger population (Include Population Statistics by age groups)?According to estimates O.N.E. to 2007, the population aged 65 or more would correspond to 11.6% of total and 60 years or more, 16.3%, making Cuba be the second oldest population in Latin America after Uruguay.Do you have a lot of people for the country size (Include Population density statistics & world ranking)?11,167,325102/km2?(106th)264.0/sq?miIs the population growing quickly (Include Population growth rate and world ranking)?The population in Cuba not only is not growing, it is reduced.How healthy are your people (Include world ranking for life expectancy & Infant mortality rate)?In Cuba, according to official data of life expectancy at birth is 78 years, but this means that the population is aging every day.What are the primary languages? How many other languages are spoken? How might this affect communication in the country? With other countries?The official language in the Republic of Cuba is the Castilian. Much of the population also speaks English, and tourism workers also often speak German, French, Italian and Russian.What are the primary religions (Include percentages)? What issues does religion cause within the country? With other countries?The Santeria is a religion that 80% of Cubans practiceHow old or young is your country? When and how did it become an independent nation? What recent and historical changes affect its world view? What is the most important person in the country’s history? Why?The war of independence began on February 24, 1895 and ended in 1898. The most important historical character of Cuba José Julián Martí Pérez was a democratic republican politician, thinker, writer, journalist, philosopher and poet Cuban Spanish origin, creator of the Cuban Revolutionary Party and organizer of War 95 or Necessary War.What kind of government does it have? How will this affect its world view? (How is your government likely to feel about democracy and fair elections?)uba's political system has been, since the triumph of the Cuban Revolution, a popular democracy.How wealthy is your country (include GDP and world ranking for GDP)? How wealthy is the average person (include GDP –per capita and world ranking for GDP-per capita)? Is it more likely to give or receive foreign aid? Would the aid be more technical or economic?2012?estimate?-?Total$121 billion HYPERLINK "" \l "cite_note-factbook-6" [6]?(66th)?-?Per capita$10,200 (2010 est.) (92nd)Describe the economy:Is it mostly capitalist (private businesses) or socialist (centrally planed/government controlled)?Is it mostly agricultural, industrial, or services (technology or tourism)?What are the most important natural resources?Is the economy diversified or dependent on a few key industries (Include industries by order of importance)?Is the economy changing? How?The Cuban state adheres to?socialist?principles in organizing its largely state-controlled?planned economy. Most of the means of production are owned and run by the government and most of the labor force is employed by the state. Recent years have seen a trend toward more private sector employment. By 2006, public sector employment was 78% and private sector 22%, compared to 91.8% to 8.2% in 1981.[140]?Any firm wishing to hire a Cuban must pay the Cuban government, which in turn will pay the employee in Cuban pesos.[141]?The average monthly wage as of July 2013 is 466?Cuban pesos, which are worth about US$19.[142]What commodities (imports) does your country need most (Include amount and countries of origin)? Cuba’s imports have declined from $14.25 billion in 2008 to $10.86 billion in 2009. The island nation’s imports petroleum, food, machinery and equipment, chemicals. Cuba’s major trading partners are Venezuela, which accounts for nearly 30% of all imports, China (12%), Spain (10%), Canada (6.4%), the US (6.3%) and Brazil (4.6%).What are your countries biggest exports? Where are they sent? need (Include amount and countries of destination)Cuba exported goods worth $3.253 billion in 2009, according to the latest estimates. This was lower than the 2008 figure of $3.68 billion. The island nation exported sugar, nickel, tobacco, fish, medical products, citrus and coffee. Amongst its various trading partners, nearly 28% of the exports were to Canada, 27% to China, 6% to China and over 5% to the Netherlands.How developed is your country (Include your country’s Human Developing Index and HDI world ranking)?How equally is your country’s income distributed (include GINI Index and World Ranking)?How might your country’s level of development and income inequality affect it’s worldview?59?(8)?Cuba0.780?0.005What regional-cultural-economic and military associations does your country have?(Example: The United States is regionally North American/ Western. It’s culturally diverse and independent with strong European influences. Economically it is a member of the G-8, G-12, World Bank and several other worldwide economic organizations. Militarily it has many different alliances the most important of which is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization that includes most European Countries.)As of 2009, Cuba spends about $91.8 million on its armed forces.[136]?In 1985, Cuba devoted more than 10% of its?GDP?to military expenditures.[137]?In response to American aggression, such as the?Bay of Pigs Invasion, Cuba built up one of the largest armed forces in Latin America, second only to that of?Brazil.[138]From 1975 until the late 1980s,?Soviet military?assistance enabled Cuba to upgrade its military capabilities. After the loss of Soviet subsidies, Cuba scaled down the numbers of military personnel, from 235,000 in 1994 to about 60,000 in 2003.[139]In February 2013, Raul Castro, current Cuban President, announced his resignation for 2018, that will end his current 5 year term, and hope to implement permanent term limits for future Cuban Presidents, including age limitsBased on spending, what does your country value most: Health, Military, or Education (Include GNP % for each)?Cuba spends about $91.8 million on its armed forces. Cuba was?spending?$193 per person on health care. $2752 million?CP?($246 CP per capita in education Education expenditures continue to receive high priority,?What human rights issues does your country have?What does your government say about these issues?What do other countries and international organizations say about these issues?Human rights in Cuba?are under the scrutiny of?Human Rights Watch, who accuse the?Cuban?government of systematic human rights abuses, including?torture,?arbitrary imprisonment, unfair trials, and?extrajudicial execution.[1][2][3]Cuban law?limits freedom of expression, association, assembly, movement, and the press. Concerns have also been expressed about the operation of?due process. According to Human Rights Watch, even though Cuba, officially?atheist?until 1992, now "permits greater opportunities for religious expression than it did in past years, and has allowed several religious-run humanitarian groups to operate, the government still maintains tight control on religious institutions, affiliated groups, and individual believers."[1]?Censorship in Cuba?has also been at the center of complaints.[4][5]?Most? HYPERLINK "" \o "Illegal emigration" emigration is illegal.What ethnic and minority issues does your country have?How much political and legal equality is there for minority groups?How much social and economic equality is there for minority groups?Minority groups are not trated the same as other kind of groupsHow much political and legal equality is there for women?How much social and economic equality is there for women?Called “Women’s Work: Gender Equality in Cuba and the Role of Women Building Cuba’s Future,” the report credits the top leaders of the revolution, principally Fidel and Raúl Castro, with mandating and enforcing rules and laws guaranteeing gender equality and women’s rights, which have made Cuba among the highest-ranking nations in the advancement of women. The substantive and procedural laws of?Cuba?were later based on the?Spanish Civil laws?and were influenced by the principles of?Marxism-Leninism?after that philosophy became the guiding force of government.What legal freedoms if any do your citizens lack? (Examples: Free legal aid, public trials, innocent until proven guilty, due process, freedom from arbitrary search & seizure, freedom from torture, etc.)from torture, etc.)The Cuban government oversaw a systematic increase in short-term “preventative” detentions of dissidents in 2012, in addition to harassment, beatings, acts of repudiation, and restrictions on foreign and domestic travel. Such repressive actions intensified surrounding politically sensitive dates throughout the year. A Communist Party conference in January imposed the regime’s first-ever term limits for top party and government officials. The government continued with its program of limited economic reforms, and the number of legally self-employed Cubans reached 400,000. A new migration law published in October promised to eliminate the exit-visa requirement for the first time in 50 years beginning in January 2013.What legal freedoms do you officially have that other countries and international organizations say you don’t protect?They are many legal freedoms that other countries say that we don’t have or accomplish. ................
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