Southern Illinois University Edwardsville
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Problem Solving is influenced by 4 factors
1.*Expertise*Someone who shows exemplary knowledge in a given area, otherwise known as an expert.
2.*Mental Set When you try to use the same methods continuously, even though they don*t always work.
3.*Functional Fixedness This is using the same objects for certain tasks. Not thinking *outside the box*.
4.*Type of Problem Insight vs. Noninsigh
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Problem Solving Strategies & Techniques:
1. Algorithms Methodology
2. Heuristic Approaches
3. Analogies
4. Modeling
5. Role Playing
6. Criticism & Suggestions
7. Public Solutions
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Creativity & Problem Solving
EPFR 515-701
Creativity Highlights
Definition of Creativity
**Finding solutions that are novel, high quality, and useful
Approaches to Creativity
**Divergent production
**Investment theory of creativity
o*Essential attributes: intelligence, knowledge, motivation, an encouraging environment, an appropriate thinking style, and an appropriate personality
Different types of motivation for creativity
**Intrinsic motivation
o*Best type of motivation to have
*Extrinsic motivation
Incubation is also believed to be a good method because it allows a person to take a break from trying to solve a problem , and after the break the person is able to think more clearly on the solution.
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Gender Stereotype Your gender may have an effect on your ability to solve problems. This happens because your gender may have weaknesses in certain areas that cause you to automatically believe you can't do as well
Problem Solving is influenced by 4 factors
1.*Expertise*Someone who shows exemplary knowledge in a given area, otherwise known as an expert.
2.*Mental Set When you try to use the same methods continuously, even though they don't always work.
3.*Functional Fixedness This is using the same objects for certain tasks. Not thinking *outside the box*.
4.*Type of Problem Insight vs. No insight
Every problem has 3 features
1.*Initial State*
2.*Goal State
3.*Obstacles
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3 factors that influence our ability to solve problems
1.*Separating important and unimportant information
Decide which information is vital to solving the problem, using that information, and disregard the rest.
2.*Make a model of the problem
Symbols
Matrices
Diagrams
Visual images
3.*Situated cognition
How we learned to solve similar problems is directly related to solve current problem
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References Cited
Harris, Robert (2002(Problem Solving Techniques,
Retrieved Sept 8. 2008 from http//
Matlin, Margaret W. (2005) Cognition (6th edition)
Danvars, MA. Wiley & Sons
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