Evans 2/e - Kean University



Chapter 10:

Behind the Scenes:

Software Programming

Multiple Choice:

1. How many steps are in the systems development life cycle (SDLC)?

A. 4

B. 5

C. 6

D. 10

Answer: C Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Easy

2. The first step in the systems development life cycle (SDLC) is:

A. Analysis.

B. Design.

C. Problem/Opportunity Identification.

D. Development and Documentation.

Answer: C Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Easy

3. Most modern software applications enable you to customize and automate various features using small custom-built “miniprograms” called:

A. macros.

B. code.

C. routines.

D. subroutines.

Answer: A Reference: Understanding Software Programming Difficulty: Easy

4. The organized process or set of steps that needs to be followed to develop an information system is known as the:

A. analytical cycle.

B. design cycle.

C. program specification.

D. system development life cycle.

Answer: D Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Easy

5. How many steps are in the program development life cycle (PDLC)?

A. 4

B. 5

C. 6

D. 10

Answer: B Reference: The Life Cycle of a Program Difficulty: Easy

6. The make-or-buy decision is associated with the ____________ step in the SDLC.

A. Problem/Opportunity Identification

B. Design

C. Analysis

D. Development and Documentation

Answer: B Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Easy

7. In the Analysis phase, the development of the ____________ occurs, which is a clear statement of the goals and objectives of the project.

A. documentation

B. flowchart

C. program specification

D. design

Answer: C Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Moderate

8. Actual programming of software code is done during the ____________ step in the SDLC.

A. Maintenance and Evaluation

B. Design

C. Analysis

D. Development and Documentation

Answer: D Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Moderate

9. Enhancements, upgrades, and bug fixes are done during the ____________ step in the SDLC.

A. Maintenance and Evaluation

B. Problem/Opportunity Identification

C. Design

D. Development and Documentation

Answer: A Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Moderate

10. The ____________ determines whether the project should go forward.

A. feasibility assessment

B. opportunity identification

C. system evaluation

D. program specification

Answer: A Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Challenging

11. Technical writers generally provide the ____________ for the new system.

A. programs

B. network

C. analysis

D. documentation

Answer: D Reference: Trends in IT: Considering a Career in Systems Development? Difficulty: Easy

12. ____________ design and implement database structures.

A. Programmers

B. Project managers

C. Technical writers

D. Database administrators

Answer: D Reference: Trends in IT: Considering a Career in Systems Development? Difficulty: Easy

13. ____________ spend most of their time in the beginning stages of the SDLC, talking with end-users, gathering information, documenting systems, and proposing solutions.

A. Systems analysts

B. Project managers

C. Network engineers

D. Database administrators

Answer: A Reference: Trends in IT: Considering a Career in Systems Development? Difficulty: Moderate

14. ____________ manage the system development, assign staff, manage the budget and reporting, and ensure that deadlines are met.

A. Project managers

B. Network engineers

C. Graphic designers

D. Systems analysts

Answer: A Reference: Trends in IT: Considering a Career in Systems Development? Difficulty: Moderate

15. ____________ is the process of translating a task into a series of commands that a computer will use to perform that task.

A. Project design

B. Installation

C. Systems analysis

D. Programming

Answer: D Reference: The Life Cycle of a Program Difficulty: Easy

16. Debugging is:

A. creating program code.

B. finding and correcting errors in the program code.

C. identifying the task to be computerized.

D. creating the algorithm.

Answer: B Reference: The Life Cycle of a Program Difficulty: Moderate

17. Translating the problem statement into a series of sequential steps describing what the program must do is known as:

A. coding.

B. debugging.

C. creating the algorithm.

D. writing documentation.

Answer: C Reference: The Life Cycle of a Program Difficulty: Moderate

18. Translating the algorithm into a programming language occurs at the ____________ step of the PDLC.

A. Debugging

B. Coding

C. Testing and Documentation

D. Algorithm Development

Answer: B Reference: The Life Cycle of a Program Difficulty: Easy

19. The problem statement should include all of the following EXCEPT:

A. input.

B. output.

C. processing.

D. storage.

Answer: D Reference: Describing the Problem: The Problem Statement Difficulty: Moderate

20. The problem statement includes the ____________, which lists specific input numbers a program would typically expect the user to enter and precise output values that a perfect program would return for those input values.

A. testing plan

B. error handler

C. IPO cycle

D. input-output specification

Answer: A Reference: Describing the Problem: The Problem Statement Difficulty: Moderate

21. The ____________ should include error-handling, which describes what a program would typically do if the input data is incorrect.

A. algorithm

B. problem statement

C. flowchart

D. programming language

Answer: B Reference: Describing the Problem: The Problem Statement Difficulty: Moderate

22. An algorithm is a:

A. computer program.

B. programming language.

C. set of steps.

D. problem statement.

Answer: C Reference: Making a Plan: Algorithm Development Difficulty: Moderate

23. Algorithms could be called:

A. programs.

B. problem-solving procedures.

C. programming languages.

D. input-output logic.

Answer: B Reference: Making a Plan: Algorithm Development Difficulty: Challenging

24. When dealing with complex problems, there are choices involved in developing the algorithm. These are called:

A. outputs.

B. problem-solving procedures.

C. decision points.

D. sequential lists.

Answer: C Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making… Difficulty: Moderate

25. A decision point in an algorithm that can be answered in only one of two ways is called a ____________ decision.

A. sequential

B. loop

C. complex

D. binary

Answer: D Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making… Difficulty: Moderate

26. A decision structure in an algorithm that produces a certain set of actions if the answer to the question is “yes” is a:

A. sequence.

B. loop.

C. decision.

D. condition.

Answer: B Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making… Difficulty: Challenging

27. In an algorithm, a check to see whether a(n) ____________ is completed is known as a test condition.

A. loop

B. process

C. sequence

D. binary decision

Answer: A Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making… Difficulty: Moderate

28. ____________ is the general term used for keywords in a programming language that allow programmers to control, or redirect, the flow of a program based on a decision.

A. Test conditions

B. Control structures

C. Looping

D. Binary decision points

Answer: B Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making… Difficulty: Moderate

29. Pseudocode refers to text, organized like an outline, used to document the ____________.

A. test condition.

B. control structures.

C. algorithm.

D. flowchart.

Answer: C Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making… Difficulty: Easy

30. A(n) ____________ provides a visual representation of the patterns in the algorithm.

A. flowchart

B. pseudocode diagram

C. control structure

D. initial value

Answer: A Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making… Difficulty: Easy

31. ____________ is a systematic approach in which a problem is broken down into a series of tasks and subtasks.

A. Object-oriented analysis

B. Top-down design

C. Problem definition

D. Data processing.

Answer: B Reference: Top-Down Design Difficulty: Moderate

32. In the object-oriented methodology, categories of objects are called:

A. methods.

B. classes.

C. modes.

D. deviations.

Answer: B Reference: Object-Oriented Analysis Difficulty: Challenging

33. In the object-oriented analysis, categories of objects are identified as classes and classes are further defined by information or data and actions or:

A. objects.

B. inheritance.

C. deviations.

D. methods.

Answer: D Reference: Object-Oriented Analysis Difficulty: Challenging

34. In a flowchart, diamonds indicate that a ____________ decision or branching action will be performed.

A. process

B. sequential

C. binary

D. direction of flow

Answer: C Reference: Figure 10.9: Standard Symbols Used in Flowcharts Difficulty: Moderate

35. What generation of languages is the binary machine language of a CPU?

A. first

B. second

C. third

D. fourth

Answer: A Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Easy

36. Which of the following is a second-generation language?

A. COBOL

B. Assembly

C. Fortran

D. Machine

Answer: B Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Moderate

37. Which of the following is a third-generation language?

A. COBOL

B. Assembly

C. SQL

D. PROLOG

Answer: A Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Moderate

38. ____________ languages are also called high-level languages.

A. Second-generation

B. Assembly

C. Third-generation

D. Natural

Answer: C Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Moderate

39. ____________ is an example of a fourth-generation language.

A. COBOL

B. SQL

C. Assembly

D. Java

Answer: B Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Moderate

40. The ability of programmers to build an application without specifying an algorithm is characteristic of ____________-generation languages.

A. second

B. third

C. fourth

D. fifth

Answer: D Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Moderate

41. First-generation languages depend on the type of CPU and are sometimes referred to as:

A. machine-dependent.

B. high-level.

C. natural.

D. 2GL.

Answer: A Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Easy

42. Input and output items that programs manipulate are also known as:

A. keywords.

B. variables.

C. symbols.

D. data types.

Answer: B Reference: Creating Code: Writing the Program Difficulty: Moderate

43. Reusable components of a program are known as ALL of the following EXCEPT:

A. procedures.

B. subroutines.

C. modules.

D. data types.

Answer: D Reference: Creating Code: Writing the Program Difficulty: Moderate

44. ____________ refer(s) to the instructions programmers write in higher-level languages.

A. Source code

B. Subroutines

C. Modules

D. Procedures

Answer: A Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Moderate

45. The ____________ is the program that translates the source code directly into machine language.

A. algorithm

B. operating system

C. RAM modeler

D. compiler

Answer: D Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Easy

46. Files stored as *.com or *.exe on Windows systems are called ____________ programs.

A. object code

B. operating system

C. executable

D. interpreted

Answer: C Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Moderate

47. The ____________ translates source code into an intermediate form, line by line.

A. interpreter

B. operating system

C. code editor

D. debugger

Answer: A Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Challenging

48. If and else are keywords that represent a:

A. binary decision.

B. sequence.

C. syntax rule.

D. data type.

Answer: A Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks of Programming… Difficulty: Moderate

49. ____________ are the specific words that have predefined meanings for a particular programming language.

A. Keywords

B. Data types

C. Syntax rules

D. Operators

Answer: A Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks of Programming… Difficulty: Moderate

50. ____________ is the precise set of rules that define a particular programming language.

A. Sequencing

B. Object inheritance

C. Syntax

D. Compilation

Answer: C Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks of Programming… Difficulty: Moderate

Fill in the Blank:

51. Hiring someone outside the organization to develop a customized software product is referred to as ____________.

Answer: outsourcing Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Moderate

52. The three components of Step 1 (The Problem Statement) of the Program Development Life Cycle are ____________, ____________, and ____________.

Answer: Input/Output/Processing Reference: Describing the Problem: The Problem…Difficulty: Moderate

53. ____________ are visual diagrams of a process.

Answer: Flowcharts Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Challenging

54. A flowchart is a graphical representation of the steps and decision points in a(n) ____________.

Answer: algorithm Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making… Difficulty: Moderate

55. A(n) ____________ continues to be performed until the test condition is no longer true.

Answer: loop Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making… Difficulty: Moderate

56. ____________ are input and output items that the program will manipulate.

Answer: Variables Reference: Creating Code: Writing the Program Difficulty: Moderate

57. The keywords For and Next are used in a(n)____________.

Answer: loop Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks of Programming… Difficulty: Challenging

58. ____________ are the coding symbols that represent the fundamental actions of the language, such as common algebraic/mathematic operations (+, -, *, /).

Answer: Operators Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks of Programming… Difficulty: Moderate

59. ____________ describe the kind of data that is stored at each memory location.

Answer: Data types Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks of Programming… Difficulty: Challenging

60. Programmers often insert ____________ into program code to explain the purpose of sections of code.

Answer: comments (remarks) Reference: Creating Code: Writing the Program Difficulty: Easy

61. Compilers translate source code directly into ____________.

Answer: machine language Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Moderate

62. A(n) ____________ program is the binary sequence that has been translated from source code by a compiler for use by the CPU.

Answer: executable Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Moderate

63. ____________ are violations of the strict, precise rules that define the programming language.

Answer: Syntax errors Reference: Coding Tools: Integrated Development… Difficulty: Moderate

64. The process of running a program over and over to find errors and make sure the program behaves in the way it should is known as ____________.

Answer: Debugging Reference: Debugging: Getting Rid of Errors Difficulty: Easy

65. Prototyping is a form of ____________.

Answer: rapid application development (RAD) Reference: Visual Basic Difficulty: Challenging

66. A small model of what the final product will look like when it is finished is a(n) ____________.

Answer: prototype Reference: Visual Basic Difficulty: Moderate

67. A powerful programming language used for prototyping is ____________.

Answer: Microsoft Visual Basic (VB) Reference: Visual Basic Difficulty: Moderate

68. The ____________ introduces a standard way for software to interact through Web services.

Answer: .NET Framework Reference: Visual Basic Difficulty: Challenging

69. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) uses special symbols called ____________ to present information on the Web.

Answer: tags Reference: Web Applications: HTML/XHTML and Beyond Difficulty: Easy

70. Active Server Pages (ASP) and Java Server Pages (JSP) are used to give Web sites ____________ capabilities.

Answer: interactive Reference: Flash and XML Difficulty: Moderate

71. ____________ is a language that, due to its object-oriented model, allows programmers to benefit from its large set of existing classes.

Answer: Java Reference: Java Difficulty: Moderate

72. ____________ is a markup language that enables designers to define their own data-based tags.

Answer: Extensible Markup Language (XML) Reference: Flash and XML Difficulty: Moderate

73. A(n) ____________ version of a product is what is distributed before commercial release to provide widespread testing opportunities.

Answer: beta Reference: Finishing the Project: Testing and Documentation Difficulty: Easy

74. Problems discovered after the commercial release of a program are generally addressed by downloadable software updates, also known as ____________.

Answer: service packs Reference: Finishing the Project: Testing and Documentation Difficulty: Easy

75. The acronym XML stands for ____________.

Answer: Extensible Markup Language Reference: Flash and XML Difficulty: Moderate

True and False:

76. Programming is the process of translating a task into a series of instructions a computer will use to perform the task.

Answer: True Reference: The Life Cycle of a Program Difficulty: Easy

77. When using top-down design, programmers first identify all the categories of inputs that are part of the problem the program is trying to solve.

Answer: False (object-oriented analysis) Reference: Object-Oriented Analysis Difficulty: Moderate

78. In object-oriented analysis, reusability means programmers can reuse existing classes from other projects.

Answer: True Reference: Object-Oriented Analysis Difficulty: Easy

79. Lower-level languages offer portability.

Answer: False (higher-level) Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Moderate

80. BASIC, C, and Java are examples of third-generation languages (3GL).

Answer: True Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Easy

81. SQL is an example of a fifth-generation “natural” language.

Answer: False (4GL) Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Easy

82. When writing a program, each input and output item is known as a variable.

Answer: True Reference: Creating Code: Writing the Program Difficulty: Moderate

83. Sentences in programming code are known as operators.

Answer: False (statements) Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks… Difficulty: Challenging

84. For and Next are known as keywords.

Answer: True Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks… Difficulty: Easy

85. True and False are considered Boolean values.

Answer: True Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks… Difficulty: Moderate

86. Code editing is the step whereby programmers actually type the code into the computer.

Answer: True Reference: Coding Tools: Integrated Development… Difficulty: Moderate

87. A compiler translates the source code into an intermediate form, line by line, and each line is executed as it is translated.

Answer: False (interpreter) Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Challenging

88. HTML/XHTML is not actually a programming language, but instead uses a series of tags to modify the display of text.

Answer: True Reference: Web Applications: HTML/XHTML and Beyond Difficulty: Easy

89. Logic errors are also known as runtime errors.

Answer: True Reference: Debugging: Getting Rid of Errors Difficulty: Easy

90. Languages that allow a programmer to use the mouse to design scroll bars and buttons, while the code is written automatically, is referred to as rapid application development (RAD).

Answer: False (visual programming) Reference: Windows Applications Difficulty: Moderate

Matching:

91. Match the following languages to their characteristics:

I. C A. considered the most “natural”

II. JavaScript B. database programming language

III. SQL C. provides interactive Web capabilities

IV. XML D. markup language for data structures

V. PROLOG E. mixes high- and low-level features

Answer: E, C, B, D, A Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Challenging

92. Match the following acronyms to their description:

I. IDE A. steps in software development

II. 2GL B. popular Microsoft language

III. JSP C. tool to support software development

IV. SDLC D. supports database-driven Web software

V. VB E. assembly language

Answer: C, E, D, A, B Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Challenging

93. Match the following terms to their appropriate descriptions:

I. source A. feature of object-oriented languages

II. prototyping B. code written by the programmer

III. inheritance C. alternative to flowcharts

IV. compiler D. performs syntax checking

V. pseudocode E. form of RAD

Answer: B, E, A, D, C Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Challenging

94. Match the following terms to their appropriate descriptions:

I. variable A. input and output items that programs manipulate

II. syntax B. a set of specific sequential steps

III. operator C. a coding symbol representing a fundamental action of the programming language

IV. coding D. programming rules

V. algorithm E. translating an algorithm into a programming language

Answer: A, D, C, E, B Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Moderate

95. Match the following terms to their appropriate descriptions:

I. nonprocedural A. executes on multiple platforms

II. higher-level B. task-based design methodology

III. portable C. languages appearing after Assembly

IV. object-oriented D. feature of 4GLs

V. top-down E. features reusable classes

Answer: D, C, A, E, B Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Challenging

96. Match the following languages to their level:

I. C A. 5GL

II. Assembly B. 4GL

III. SQL C. 2GL

IV. Machine D. 1GL

V. PROLOG E. 3GL

Answer: E, C, B, D, A Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Moderate

97. Match the following languages to their characteristics:

I. Machine A. a markup language that uses tags

II. Visual Basic B. machine-dependent (depends on the type of CPU)

III. HTML C. enables designers to define their own data-based tags

IV. ASP D. often used to code prototypes in Windows applications

V. XML E. used to build Web sites with interactive capability

Answer: B, D, A, E, C Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Challenging

98. Match the following acronyms to their description:

I. PDLC A. prototyping is a form of this

II. DBA B. a newer standard of HTML

III. MIS C. the stages each programming project follows

IV. RAD D. Management Information Systems

V. XHTML E. a person who designs and implements database structures

Answer: C, E, D, A, B Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Easy

99. Match the following terms to their appropriate descriptions:

I. compilation A. a precommercial release of software

II. interpretation B. a set of steps that will take you from input to output

III. beta C. a translation of source code, line by line, into an intermediate form

IV. debugging D. translation of source code directly into machine language

V. processing E. finding and repairing errors in program code

Answer: D, C, A, E, B Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Moderate

100. Match the following terms to their appropriate descriptions:

I. feasibility assessment A. a clear description of what tasks the computer program must accomplish

II. data flow diagrams B. determines whether the project moves forward

III. problem statement C. in object-oriented languages, a new class can automatically pick up all of the data and methods of an existing class

IV. testing plan D. lists specific input numbers users would typically enter into the program

V. inheritance E. used to trace the flow of data in the SDLC

Answer: B, E, A, D, C Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Moderate

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