Protein synthesis test review - Weebly



Name: ___________________________DNA structure, replication and Protein Synthesis Test ReviewDefine the following:Codon: _____________________________________________________________________________Transcription: _______________________________________________________________________Translation: _________________________________________________________________________Replication: _________________________________________________________________________Put the following steps of protein synthesis in order by numbering 1 through 4.________ mRNA leaves the nucleus with the DNA code, and goes to the ribosomes________ribosomes make proteins________DNA temporarily unzips________mRNA nucleotides match up to DNAThe code on a DNA strand reads: G C G T A A T G AThe mRNA strand would read: ____________________________Use the mRNA to explain what a codon is: _____________________________How many amino acids have been coded for by the above DNA strand? _______Where are proteins made? __________________________________What is the role of mRNA? _____________________________________________________________How many different types of amino acids are there? _______What molecule found in the nucleus carries (has) the code for making a protein? _______When the information from DNA is passed to RNA this process is called ________________________.Give the DNA segment for the following strand of mRNA. A U G G C A ___________________Give the mRNA segment for the following strand of DNA. C T T A A G___________________A scientist fills a test tube with nucleotide chains of GGG GGG and allows proteins to form. When he looks at the test tube later all he finds is the amino acid glycine. What can he conclude from his results?Glycine is (circle your answer) composed of guanine or coded for by GGG. Why are the sequences of the bases in a DNA molecule important for protein synthesis? ___________________________________________________________________________________Where does transcription occur? _______________________________________What is a similarity of DNA and RNA? ____________________________________________________What base is unique to DNA? ___________________ What base is unique to RNA? ___________________What molecule is RNA transcribed from? _________How many bases make a codon? _______What is the anticodon?___________________________________Amino acids linked together form what? ___________________________31718251587500Draw a picture of a DNA or RNA nucleotide.3 parts 123Where does translation occur? ________________________________________88582526670000Label the following diagram with these terms: mRNA (A), DNA (B), ribosome (C), and protein (D). 3248025159385003819525344170002619375296545001647825296545001171575587692510191755724525 Use the mRNA codon chart or wheel from your notes (PRACTICE BOTH) and give the amino acid chain for the following strands of DNA. (if you do not have one, google “codon chart” )A U G C A C G G G A C A U A A_____________________________________________A A A C G C U U U G A C U G A_____________________________________________Two brothers look differently because the brothers’ DNA have a different order of nitrogenous _____________.5048250292100035623502921000How does genetic information flow? ________________________________________If the mRNA strand normally reads UAU but then is changed to read UAA, what will happen to the protein produced? (HINT: use mRNA codon chart in notes)____________________________________Name 4 differences between RNA and DNAWhat shape is DNA_____________________________________________What are the sides of the DNA “ladder” made of _________________and _________________What are the rungs of the DNA “ladder” made of ______________________Where is DNA located in the cell___________________________________DNA stands for ________________________________________________Can DNA leave the nucleus___________What is a Chromosome made of?_______________________________A section of DNA is called a ________________which determines traits.What two scientists are credited with the discovery of the structure of DNA ________________and____________________DNA replication is the process of producing (how many) ______ replicas from from 1 DNA moleculeDNA __________________is the enzyme that unzips the DNA for replicationEach new DNA molecule is made of one__________strand and one_____________strand of DNA. ................
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