Chapter 14 Racial Inequality



Chapter 14 Racial Inequality

1. In terms of race in the US, what was/is the one drop rule? 248

2. In what two ways do Wright and Rogers argue racism against blacks has harmed disadvantaged groups within the white population? 249ff a) 1) racism has divided social movements, undermining their strength and 2) racism has undermined universalism in the welfare state b) 1) racism has caused international embarrassment, which has hindered international business negotiations and 2) racism has undermined universalism in the welfare state, c) 1) racism has directed white anger toward blacks and distracted from cleaning up their own acts and 2) racism has undermined particularism in the welfare state d) 1) racism has divided social movements, undermining their strength and 2) racism has undermined particularism in the welfare state e) 1) attempts to improve white education have been harmed by the habit of providing lousy black education and 2) racism has caused international embarrassment, which has hindered international business negotiations

3. Who has been hurt more by racism in the US, whites or nonwhites? 251

4. T F Cherokees were removed from the Southeast by President Jackson even though they had largely adopted Euro-American ways. 252

5. Define "second class citizenship." Is it defined and recognized in the Constitution? 256-7

6. Give an example of a source of official second class citizenship that is still common today in the US. 257

7. T F Lynching was common in the South in the late 1800s and early 1900s in spite of the fact that lynching leaders were usually arrested, convicted of voluntary manslaughter, and sentenced to some prison time. 258-60

8. How did the Cold War affect race relations in the US? 260-1

9. Name one way voter registration restrictions currently place have the effect of reducing black voting more than white voting. 261

10. Define DWB 261-2 IMPORTANT

11. T F Whites are more likely than blacks today to believe that racial discrimination no longer significantly affects people's lives. 263-5

12. T F According to Wright and Rogers there has been extraordinary "progress" in race relations since the 1950s. 265

13. T F The education gap between whites and blacks has been slowly getting wider, especially in terms of high school graduates. 266

14. T F Black and white occupational distributions have become more similar over the past half century. 266-7

15. About what fraction of whites voting in 2008 voted for Barack Obama? 268

16. What is black median family income today compared to white? 270 What about wealth? 270-1

17. Give two of the examples of discrimination in common micro-interactions given by Wright and Rogers. 272-3

18. Is there a real "DWB effect?" What evidence do Wright and Rogers provide? 274-5

19. T F Most American cities are segregated on racial lines. 275

20. Define white flight. 276-7 What would a white flight private school be? [figure it out]

21. What is an audit study of hiring? 278 What was the result of Pager's famous recent audit study in Milwaukee? 278-9

22. Why do the choices teachers make about where to teach tend to have the result of leaving schools in the poorest neighborhoods with the most inexperienced teachers? 280-1

23. T F As long as schools are funded substantially by local property taxes, wealthy communities will have better-funded schools than will poor communities. 281

24. At higher rates than whites, blacks in America are arrested for crimes, convicted, and sentenced to prison. On what grounds do Wright and Rogers say that we cannot immediately declare that discrimination is not the reason for the white-black differences? 283 Why might we conclude that discrimination is in play regarding drug offense arrests, convictions, and imprisonments? 285

25. T F Two areas in which racial disparities in the criminal justice process are well documented are traffic stops and death sentences. 287-8

26. Does the war on drugs seem to have been "fought" more in black or in white communities? 289-92

27. T F Incarceration rates for blacks in the US are much higher than for whites. 292 IMPORTANT

28. What two factors do Wright and Rogers credit with the sharp increase in the ratio of black admissions to prison by the early 1980s? 292

29. Define affirmative action 294

30. What kinds of policies are often objected to as being "reverse discrimination?" 295

31. T F A slight majority of people in the US support affirmative action. 295

32. T F In the end, Wright and Rogers feel there is no value in affirmative action. 295

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