American Government 100



American Government 100 Part II

Patterson, pgs. 160-174

Woll, pgs. 130-137, A:AG12-11

Native Americans & Their Delayed Rights

True or False Questions

1. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the United States government wanted to avoid being perceived as bigoted or racist by maintaining a fair and balanced immigration policy toward non-Europeans. True or False

2. In 1930, California implemented a law that prevented Japanese from buying property in the state. True or False

3. The Supreme Court, in three separate cases, has come to the defense of designing voting district lines primarily based on race, to increase the number of Latino and black congressional districts. True or False

4. Housing in the United States has been effectively desegregated as a result of legal prohibitions. True or False

5. The Supreme Court overturned the affirmative action programs at the University of Michigan involving both undergraduate and law school students. True or False

6. In the New Haven firefighters case of 2009 (Ricci v. DeStefano), the Supreme Court majority agreed with the white firefighters, arguing that test results must be accepted in spite of the negative affect it has on black firefighters. True or False

7. Studies have found that African Americans accused of a crime are more likely to be convicted and to receive stiffer sentences for comparable offenses than white Americans. True or False

8. The average pay of a full-time female employee is about 80 percent for what a full-time male employee earns. True or False

9. In spite of the accomplishments made by women in the workplace, companies cannot be sued for allowing a “hostile” environment to exist in places where men traditionally dominate. True or False

10. The Family and Medical Leave Act only applies to women and not men. True or False

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Of the nearly 10 million Native Americans living on the territories now known as the United States in the 17th century, by 1924 their population had plummeted to: a) less than 1 million, b) about 2 million, c) a little less than half that number, d) a little more than 6 million.

2. In 1968, Congress enacted the following legislation which gives Native Americans on reservations constitutional guarantees that are similar to those held by other Americans: a) Indian Bill of Rights, b) Native American Legal Protections, c) Indigenous Constitutional Guarantees, d) No legislation was necessary since Native peoples were always included in the Constitutional guarantees.

3. Why were Chinese and Japanese laborers brought into the western states during the late 1800s? a) To contribute their expertise to this part of the world, b) To spread their religious outlook on the indigenous population, c) To serve as a counterweight to the ever growing Mexican population, d) to work the mines and the railroads as a source of cheap, exploitable labor.

4. In 1965, there was a change in immigration policy that substantially increased the quota of people coming from Asia and Latin America because of the following: a) the kindness of national political leaders, b) the success of the civil rights movement in sensitizing political leaders against racial discrimination, c) the threat by the countries of origin to impose trade embargoes against the U.S., d) the demands by white Americans to stop the unbalanced discrimination in the area of immigration.

5. Proposition 227 was an initiative passed by the California voters in 1998 which: a) supported increased funding for financially strapped inner city schools, b) requires English immersion in one year rather than bilingual education in the public schools, c) increased tuition fees for attending public colleges and universities, d) established a legal protection against discrimination for racial minorities in public schools.

6. Which amendment to the Constitution made poll taxes illegal? a) 20th Amendment, b) 22nd Amendment, c) 23rd Amendment, d) 24th Amendment.

7. Because of the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, voter turnout among blacks in the South in the next presidential election increased by nearly: a) 10 percent, b) 15 percent, c) 20 percent, d) 40 percent.

8. A 2006 Supreme Court decision involving a congressional district’s lines being drawn in such a way as to deliberately dilute the Hispanic vote: a) League of Latin American Voters v. Perry, b) United Hispanic Voters v. Texas, c) Rodriguez v. El Paso Registration, d) Garcia v. Texas Election Board.

9. The practice of banks refusing to grant mortgage loans in certain neighborhoods; thus driving down their housing prices and leading to influx of African Americans and an exodus of whites: a) segregation, b) redlining, c) isolation, d) gerrymandering.

10. A deliberate effort by government to provide full and equal opportunities in employment, education, and other areas for women, minorities, and individuals belonging to other traditionally disadvantaged groups: a) racial quotas, b) gender balancing, c) affirmative action, d) anti-discriminatory mandate.

11. Discrimination based on law: a) privately directed, b) institutional, c) de jure, d) contractual.

12. Discrimination that is s consequence of social, economic, and cultural biases and conditions: a) government directed, b) group sponsored, c) bureaucratic, d) de facto.

13. A Supreme Court case involving a white male who had been twice denied admission to the University of California medical school even though his admission test scores were higher than those of several minority group students who had been accepted: a) Baker v Carr, b) University of California, Davis v Smith, c) University of California Regents v Bakke, d) University of San Diego v Carl.

14. A certain percentage of federally funded construction projects for minority-owned firms: a) set aside, b) proportional representation, c) population equivalency, d) people quotas.

15. As a result of Adarand (1995), the Supreme Court majority: a) argued that quotas can used where there has been a past history of discrimination, b) decided that a strict percentage of federal contract dollars may be allocated to minority-owned businesses, c) halted the general use of quotas in the granting of federal contracts, d) put the entire burden on the company for proving its innocence when accused of discrimination.

16. What is the one area where African Americans have made substantial progress? a) those entering college, b) per capita family income, c) life expectancy, d) elected office.

17. Roughly, what number of women comprise the graduating lawyers and physicians? a) about one-fifth, b) nearly thirty-six percent, c) nearly half, d) close to sixty percent.

18. The following refers to the invisible but nonetheless real barrier to advancement that talented women encounter after having reached the middle-management level: a) women's job wall, b) gender inequality, c) female discrimination, d) glass ceiling.

19. Which of the following terms define the concept of equal pay for equal work, a demand being made by leading feminists: a) comparable worth, b) equitable pay, c) fair compensation, d) just wages.

20. Most single-parent households are headed by women and a significant number live in poverty refers to: a) female dehumanization circumstance, b) feminization of poverty, c) gender discrimination condition, d) callous female condition.

Fill-in Questions

1. The Voting Rights Act of 1965:

a) forbids _______________ in voting and _____________,

b) empowers ________ _______ to register voters and to oversee ______________ in elections.

c) prohibits the use of ________ tests as a registration requirement.

2. Black children living with a single parent or no parent are:

a) substantially more likely to have inadequate __________,

b) not finish _____ ________,

c) not attend ________,

d) end up in _______, and

e) be unemployed.

3. In a recent U.S. Education Department report,

a) women were ahead of men in college ___________;

b) they are more likely to complete their _______,

c) do it in a ________ period, and

d) get better _______.

Brown v. Board of Ed (1954)

Woll p. 130

1. The strategy of the NAACP top rid the U.S. of the “separate but doctrine” established in Plessy was to: a) get the Congress to pass civil rights legislation, b) generate demonstrations nation wide, c) use the courts, d) convince President Eisenhower to put the issue before the public.

2. Thurgood Marshall had to convince the majority members of the Supreme Court that the segregation of black children: a) added to their social and psychological harm, b) was in violation of the full faith and credit clause of the Fifth Amendment, c) was inconsistent with the principles of natural law, d) by the states was inconsistent was the history of the U.S.

Brown v Board of Education of Topeka

Woll, pgs. 130-133

1. In Brown the plaintiffs contended that segregated public schools are not equal and cannot be made equal and hence were denied the equal protection of the laws. True or False

2. The “separate but equal” doctrine was introduced to the Court by: a) the Founders of the country in 1786, b) the Civil Rights

Amendments of the 1860s, c) by the Plessy decision of the 1890s, d) the Congress of the United States in the 1920s.

3. In Sweatt v. Painter, the Court directed law schools to make their buildings, curricula, qualifications and salaries of teachers to be: a) equalized, b) sanitized, c) neutralized, d) concretized

4. What is perhaps the most important of the state and local governments from Brown? a) law enforcement, b) security, c) medical attention, d) education.

5. In Sweatt v. Painter, the Court determined that a segregated law school could provide an equal education. True or False

6. According to Brown, in the area of public education the doctrine of “separate but equal” has no place and is inherently unequal. True or False

Brown Cont. pgs. 133-137

1. After the two Brown decisions in 1954 and 1955, the implementation of desegregation in the South was very fast. True or False

2. Between 1968 and 1970 the percentage of black students in all-black schools in eleven Southern states decreased from 68 percent to: a) 10.3 percent, b) 18.4 percent, c) 25.2 percent, d) 30.4 percent

3. In Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg County Board of Ed (1971), the Supreme Court required:

a) reassignment of ________ to achieve a racial balance similar that of the community,

b) reassignment of _______ to reflect a racial ratio similar to that which exists in the total community,

c) the use of _____________ school zones and the grouping of schools to bring about a racial balance,

d) the use of _______ of elementary and secondary school students within a school system to achieve racial balance.

Answers

Patterson, pgs. 160-174

True or False Questions

1. False

3. False

5. False

7. True

9. False

Multiple Choice Questions

1. a

3. d

5. b

7. c

9. b

11. c

13. c

15. c

17. c

19. a

Fill-In Questions

1. a) discrimination, registration, b) federal agents, participation, c) literacy

3. a) enrollment, b) degree, c) shorter, d) grades

Woll, p.129

1. c

Woll, pgs. 130-132

1. True

3. a

5. False

Woll, pgs. 133-136

1. False

3. a) teachers, b) pupils, c) noncontiguous, d) busing

A:AG12-11

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