RECENT ADVANCES BREAST CANCER THERAPY
[Pages:42]RECENT ADVANCES BREAST CANCER THERAPY
1Bhanu Priya B, 2Basavanna P L, 1 ? Postgraduate, 2 ? Professor Department of Pharmacology, MMC&RI, Mysore
Brief overview
> Introduction > Etiology > Pathogenesis > Symptoms > Staging and classification > Treatments available at present > Advanced pharmacotherapy > Summary
Introduction
> The estimated number of new cancers in India per year is about 7 lakhs and over 3.5 lakhs people die of cancer each year.
> In Karnataka there would be about 1.5 lakhs cancer cases at any given time and about 35,000 new cancer cases are added to this pool each year.
? 2nd leading cause of death
? 2nd most common cancer
? All women are at risk
? Incidence increases with age
new cases per year
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Projected number of Breast Cancers to 2020
5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500
0
Deaths from Breast Cancer 1950-2014
4% 3% 2% 1% 0%
year of death
risk of death from cancer before age 75 (%)
1950 1954 1958 1962 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
Why?
> Incidence is increasing
?Mammographic screening ?Environmental Factors
> Mortality is decreasing
?Early Detection ?Better Treatment Options
Etiology of Breast Carcinoma:
Hormone
Environment
? HER2/NEU ? RAS & MYC ? BRC A1, A2.
Genetics
? Family history ? First degree relative. ? Premenopausal & bilateral. ? Early menarche/Late menopause.
? Estrogen therapy. ? Alcohol, Smoking. ? High fat diet, Obesity.
? Overexposure to oestrogens and underexposure to progesterone ? No definite relationship to oral contraceptives ? Some tumours contain hormone receptors and respond to hormone manipulation ? No good evidence for viral involvement
HORMONAL EXPOSURE (SPORADIC)
GENETIC FACTORS (HEREDITARY)
Major risk factors of
Breast Carcinoma
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