SQL*Plus User’s Guide and Reference - Oracle

SQL*Plus?

User's Guide and Reference Release 10.2

B14357-01

June 2005

SQL*Plus User's Guide and Reference, Release 10.2

B14357-01

Copyright ? 1996, 2005 Oracle. All rights reserved.

Primary Author: Simon Watt

Contributor: Alison Goggin, Alison Holloway, Anil Samuel, Christopher Jones, Luan Nim, Richard Rendell, Andrei Souleimanian.

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Contents

Preface ............................................................................................................................................................... xiii

Audience..................................................................................................................................................... xiii Documentation Accessibility ................................................................................................................... xiii Related Documents ................................................................................................................................... xiv Conventions ............................................................................................................................................... xv

What's New in SQL*Plus?..................................................................................................................... xvii

New Features in SQL*Plus Release 10.2................................................................................................ xvii

SQL*Plus Quick Start .............................................................................................................................. xix

SQL*Plus Resources .................................................................................................................................. xix SQL*Plus Overview .................................................................................................................................. xix SQL*Plus Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................ xxii Starting SQL*Plus Command-line ......................................................................................................... xxii Starting SQL*Plus Windows GUI ......................................................................................................... xxiv Starting iSQL*Plus................................................................................................................................... xxiv Starting SQL*Plus Instant Client ........................................................................................................... xxv Connecting to a Different Database...................................................................................................... xxv Sample Schemas and SQL*Plus............................................................................................................. xxv Running your first Query....................................................................................................................... xxvi Exiting SQL*Plus .................................................................................................................................... xxvii

Part I SQL*Plus Getting Started

1 SQL*Plus User Interface

SQL*Plus Command-line User Interface............................................................................................. 1-1 The Command-line Screen................................................................................................................ 1-1 Changing the Command-line Font and Font Size ......................................................................... 1-1

Windows Graphical User Interface....................................................................................................... 1-2 Using the Mouse to Copy Text to the Command Prompt ........................................................... 1-3 Using Command Keys....................................................................................................................... 1-3 Using the Windows GUI Menus...................................................................................................... 1-3 Changing the Windows GUI Font and Font Size .......................................................................... 1-6

iSQL*Plus User Interface ........................................................................................................................ 1-7

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iSQL*Plus Navigation........................................................................................................................ 1-7 iSQL*Plus Login Screen..................................................................................................................... 1-8 iSQL*Plus DBA Login Screen ........................................................................................................... 1-9 iSQL*Plus Workspace..................................................................................................................... 1-11 iSQL*Plus DBA Workspace ........................................................................................................... 1-13 iSQL*Plus History Screen............................................................................................................... 1-13 iSQL*Plus Input Required Screen................................................................................................. 1-14 iSQL*Plus Preferences Screen........................................................................................................ 1-15 Preferences and Equivalent SET Commands .................................................................................. 1-18

2 Configuring SQL*Plus

SQL*Plus and iSQL*Plus Environment Variables............................................................................. 2-1 SQL*Plus and iSQL*Plus Configuration............................................................................................. 2-4

Site Profile ........................................................................................................................................... 2-5 User Profile.......................................................................................................................................... 2-5 Storing and Restoring SQL*Plus System Variables....................................................................... 2-6 Installing Command-line Help ........................................................................................................ 2-7 Configuring Oracle Net Services ..................................................................................................... 2-9 iSQL*Plus Application Server Configuration .................................................................................... 2-9 Changing the iSQL*Plus Application Server Port in Use............................................................. 2-9 Testing if the iSQL*Plus Application Server is Running ........................................................... 2-10 Setting the Level of iSQL*Plus Logging....................................................................................... 2-11 Setting the Session Time Out......................................................................................................... 2-11 Enabling Restricted Database Access ........................................................................................... 2-12 Enabling iSQL*Plus DBA Access .................................................................................................. 2-13 Enabling SSL with iSQL*Plus ........................................................................................................ 2-15 Enabling iSQL*Plus or iSQL*Plus Help ....................................................................................... 2-18 Enabling Unauthorised Access Banner........................................................................................ 2-18 Enabling URL Access...................................................................................................................... 2-19 Enabling User Defined HTML Markup ....................................................................................... 2-19 iSQL*Plus Web Browser Configuration ........................................................................................... 2-20 Session Integrity .............................................................................................................................. 2-20 Retained Session Settings............................................................................................................... 2-20 Windows Graphical User Interface Configuration......................................................................... 2-20 Setting Options and Values Using the Environment Dialog .................................................... 2-21 Customizing Registry Entries that affect SQL*Plus on Windows ........................................... 2-22

3 Starting SQL*Plus

Login Username and Password ............................................................................................................. 3-1 Secure External Password Store....................................................................................................... 3-2 Expired Password .............................................................................................................................. 3-2 Expired Password Screen in iSQL*Plus .......................................................................................... 3-2 Changing your Password ................................................................................................................. 3-3 Changing Your Password in iSQL*Plus.......................................................................................... 3-3

Connecting to a Database ....................................................................................................................... 3-4 Net Service Name............................................................................................................................... 3-4 Full Connection Identifier ................................................................................................................. 3-5

iv

Easy Connection Identifier ............................................................................................................... 3-5 Connectionless Session with /NOLOG .......................................................................................... 3-6 Starting SQL*Plus .................................................................................................................................... 3-6 Starting Command-line SQL*Plus ................................................................................................... 3-6 Getting Command-line Help ............................................................................................................ 3-7 Starting the Windows Graphical User Interface............................................................................ 3-7 Starting the iSQL*Plus Application Server..................................................................................... 3-8 To Check the HTTP Port used by the iSQL*Plus Application Server ........................................ 3-9 Stopping the iSQL*Plus Application Server................................................................................ 3-10 Starting iSQL*Plus........................................................................................................................... 3-10 Starting iSQL*Plus as a DBA ......................................................................................................... 3-10 Starting iSQL*Plus from a URL..................................................................................................... 3-11 Getting Help in iSQL*Plus ............................................................................................................. 3-12 Exiting SQL*Plus................................................................................................................................... 3-12 Exiting the Command-line User Interface ................................................................................... 3-13 Exiting the Windows Graphical User Interface .......................................................................... 3-13 Exiting the iSQL*Plus User Interface............................................................................................ 3-13 SQLPLUS Program Syntax .................................................................................................................. 3-13 Options ............................................................................................................................................. 3-14 Logon ................................................................................................................................................ 3-18 Start ................................................................................................................................................... 3-19

Part II Using SQL*Plus

4 SQL*Plus Basics

Entering and Executing Commands ..................................................................................................... 4-1 The SQL Buffer ................................................................................................................................... 4-2 Executing Commands ....................................................................................................................... 4-2

Listing a Table Definition....................................................................................................................... 4-3 Listing PL/SQL Definitions.................................................................................................................... 4-3 Running SQL Commands....................................................................................................................... 4-4

Understanding SQL Command Syntax .......................................................................................... 4-5 Running PL/SQL Blocks ......................................................................................................................... 4-6

Creating Stored Procedures .............................................................................................................. 4-6 Running SQL*Plus Commands............................................................................................................. 4-7

Understanding SQL*Plus Command Syntax ................................................................................. 4-8 System Variables that Affect How Commands Run.......................................................................... 4-8 Stopping a Command while it is Running ......................................................................................... 4-9 Running Operating System Commands.............................................................................................. 4-9 Pausing the Display .............................................................................................................................. 4-10 Saving Changes to the Database Automatically ............................................................................. 4-10 Interpreting Error Messages................................................................................................................ 4-11

5 Using Scripts in SQL*Plus

Editing Scripts........................................................................................................................................... 5-1 Writing Scripts with a System Editor.............................................................................................. 5-1

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