EPSY 6325 THEORIES OF COUNSELING



EPSY 6325 THEORIES OF COUNSELING

STUDY GUIDE EXAM 2: Rogers, Existential, Gestalt

Rogers

• View of human nature: self-actualizing tendency, positive self- regard, internal locus of evaluation, experiencing

• Self-concept: definition and role – Characteristics of healthy personality

• Psychopathology: conditions of worth, incongruence, negative self-regard, self-concept versus ideal self

• Nature of the anxiety and defense mechanism; goals of therapy

• Therapy: empathy, positive self-regard, and genuineness:

• Interventions: paraphrasing, reflection of feeling

Existential

• Concept of man - phenomenological approach

• Source of psychic conflict: Psychodynamic versus existential approach

• Human conflict - the givens of existence (Death; Freedom-Responsibility; Isolation (Intra-personal, Inter-personal, and Existential); defenses related to anxiety generated by each given of existence; Boundary situation

• Mental Health; normal/existential anxiety versus neurotic anxiety; normal/existential guilt versus neurotic guilt.

• Purpose, process and content of therapy.

• Techniques: confrontation, here and now focus and use of the relationship for therapeutic purpose; paradoxical intention; situational reconstruction; compensatory self-improvement.

• Contributions and limitations.

Gestalt

• Emphasis of therapy on Gestalt approach (process vs. content, awareness, contact)

• Important concepts Gestalt: The Now, Unfinished business and Contact/Resistance to contact

• Role of therapist; focus of confrontation in therapy

• Resistance to Contact: Introjection, Projection, Retroflection, Deflection, Confluence

• Gestalt experiments: empty chair, internal dialogue, making the rounds (group counseling), exaggerating exercise, reversal exercise, staying with the feeling

• Contributions and limitations.

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