Fitzgerald Social Studies
FitzgeraldName –Unit – ConstitutionNotes – Seven Principles of the ConstitutionIntroductionDefine “Principle.”Principle - Nouna basic or essential truth or law or assumption List the seven principles.Popular SovereigntyRepublicanismFederalismSeparation of PowersChecks and balancesLimited GovernmentIndividual RightsPopular SovereigntyQuestion it Answers –Who gives the government its power?Expressed by first words in Constitution - We the People . . . establish this Constitution ….Definition – a government in which the people ruleGovernment’s authority comes from the peopleGovernment decisions and actions must must reflects the will of the people"Popular" means - people"Sovereignty" means - ruleBased on ideas of John Locke - " . . . Government are created among Men . . . .Diagram –Principle - Republicanism Question it Answers –How are people’s views represented in government?A government in whichThe people exercise their power byvoting for representativescalled – representative democracy (versus direct democracy)Required of states, too Diagram –Principle - FederalismQuestion it Answers –How is power shared between the national government and the states?Definition – A system of government in which states and the national government share powerFramers goal –States and nation are partners in governingStates and nation cooperateDelegated powers –given to the national government by the statesReserved powers –kept by the statesConcurrent powers –both haveEx. – the power to taxDiagram –Principle – Separation of PowersQuestion it Answers –How is the power of the national government divided so one person or group is not too powerful?Fear – too much power might fall into the hands of one groupSolution – divide the basic governmental powers into different branchesNo one branch is given all powerThree branches of government –Legislative - makes the lawsExecutive – executes the lawsJudicial – interprets the lawsDiagram –Principle – Checks and BalancesQuestion it Answers –How is power even distributed?Balance - Each branch must rely on the others to perform its workCheck - Each branch has the ability to control actions of the othersEx – If Congress passes a “bad” law, President can veto it, and Courts can call it unconstitutional.Diagram –Principle – Limited GovernmentQuestion it Answers –How is abuse of power prevented?Closely related to “Rule of Law” –Everyone, citizens and powerful leaders alike, must obey the lawNo one is above the law Some Powers are specifically denied the Government –Art. 1 Sec. 9 – Lists - Powers denied CongressArt. 1 Sec. 10 – Lists - Powers denied the statesDiagram –Principle – Individual RightsQuestion it Answers –How is a citizen protected from and by a o national gov't?? Definition – Protections against a too powerful governmentTwo typesPersonal rights - the citizens' right to expect the government to protect them from injusticeEx. – must be provided with a trial by jury Personal liberties - the right of citizens to act and speak freely - only limit by good of the larger communityEx. – freedom of religionDiagram – ................
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