Lec21 Taste Chap15 - Princeton University
Taste - Chapter 15
Lecture 21
Jonathan Pillow
Sensation & Perception (PSY 345 / NEU 325)
Fall 2017
1
Bi-nostral smelling: why have two nostrils?
¡°The world smells different to each nostril¡±
Sobel et al, Nature 2000
Background
1. Airflow is greater into one nostril than the other,
due to slight swelling that obstructs airflow.
2. Switches nostrils several times per hour.
Q: What are the consequences for olfaction?
2
Bi-nostral smelling: why have two nostrils?
Background
1. Airflow is greater into one nostril
than the other, due to slight
swelling that obstructs airflow.
2. Switches nostrils several times
per hour.
un-obstructed nostril
(relaxed turbinates)
Obstructed nostril
(swollen turbinates)
3
? Odorants sorb across nasal mucosa at different rates
? ¡°high-sorption¡± odorant ¨C induces small response when
airflow is low, and large one when airflow is high
? ¡°low-sorption¡± odorant ¨C large response when airflow is
low; small
Finding: odorants do
indeed smell different in
nostrils, depending on
the air flow and sorption
of the odorant!
4
Olfactory Psychophysics
? Olfactory detection thresholds:
! Women: Generally lower thresholds than men, especially
during ovulatory period of menstrual cycles,
(but sensitivity is not heightened during pregnancy)
! Professional perfumers and wine tasters can distinguish
up to 100,000 odors
(or is it 1 trillion???)
5
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