Lesson 1 | Sound

Lesson 1 | Sound

Student Labs and Activities

Launch Lab Content Vocabulary Lesson Outline MiniLab Content Practice A Content Practice B Math Skills School to Home Key Concept Builders Enrichment Challenge

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Launch Lab

LESSON 1: 15 minutes

How is sound produced?

When an object vibrates, it produces sound. How does the sound produced depend on how the object is vibrating?

Procedure

1. Read and complete a lab safety form.

2. Place a ruler on a table so it extends over the table edge. Hold the ruler firmly on the table with one hand.

3. With the other hand, lightly bend the protruding end of the ruler down and

then release it. Observe the ruler's motion and note the sound it produces.

4. Move the ruler back 2 cm so there is less of it extending over the edge of the table. Repeat step 3.

Data and Observations

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Think About This

1. How did the ruler's vibration rate and the sound change as the length of the ruler over the side of the table decreased?

2.

Key Concept Were the sound and the ruler's vibration rate related? Explain.

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Content Vocabulary

LESSON 1

Sound

Directions: In the puzzle below, each number will correspond to one letter of the alphabet. For example, 11 = E. Shaded letters will not be used. Crack the code by using the clues for hints. After you read the clues and fill in the blanks, complete the chart with the number that corresponds to each letter you have used.

ABCDE

F GH

I

J

K

LM

11

NO P Q R S T U VWX Y Z

1. a reflected sound wave

E

11

18

1

13

2. how high or low a sounds seems to be

15

2

7

18

1

3. a longitudinal wave that can travel only through matter

E

26

13

6

21

19

14

25

9

11

4. a wave in which particles in a material travel in the same direction as the wave

10 13 21

4

2

7

6

19

2

21 25

E

10 14 25

9

11

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Lesson Outline

LESSON 1

Sound

A. What is sound?

1. All sounds that people hear travel to the ears as

.

2. Sound waves travel through all kinds of liquids, and gases.

--solids,

3. Objects that are

produce sound waves.

a. As the object moves outward, it pushes air molecules closer together, producing

a(n)

.

b. As the object moves inward, it pulls air molecules farther apart, producing

a(n)

.

c. A(n)

is a series of rarefactions and compressions.

4. Matter vibrates back and forth in the same direction as the sound waves travel;

so sound waves are classified as

waves.

5. The distance between a point on a wave and the nearest point just like it is called

the

.

6. The number of wavelengths that pass a given point in 1 second is a sound wave's

; its SI unit is

.

7. A sound wave with a(n) an object that vibrates quickly.

high frequency is produced by

B. Speeds of Sound Waves

1. The

of sound waves depends on the kind of material

the waves are traveling through.

2. Sound waves generally travel fastest through

and

slowest through

.

3. Sound waves generally travel faster through

air and

slower through

air.

C. The Human Ear

1. People hear things when sound waves come into contact with

their

.

2. The outer ear

sound waves.

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Lesson Outline continued

3. The middle ear

sound waves. Three tiny

strengthen the sound waves as they travel to the inner ear.

4. The inner ear changes vibrations to brain.

that travel to the

5. Humans hear frequencies from

Hz to

Hz.

D. Sound and Pitch

1. How high or low people perceive a sound to be is the of the sound.

2. Sounds with a low frequency have a(n)

pitch.

3. When you speak, you use your

to make sounds.

E. Sound and Loudness

1. How loud or soft people perceive a sound to be is related to the

of the sound.

2. The

of a sound wave indicates how much energy the

sound has.

3. The loudness of a sound can be measured in

.

F. Using Sound Waves

1. A sound that is reflected is a(n)

.

2.

systems use reflected sound to calculate distance. The

distance of an object can be calculated from the time difference between when

leaves the system and when it returns to the system.

3. Bats use

to hunt and to help them navigate.

4. Ultrasound scanners convert of internal body parts.

sound waves to images

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