Vocabulario de capítulo 1- 1 grammar
Vocabulario de capítulo 1- 1 grammar 9-19-14
Create a study guide for these notes by Tuesday, September 23rd.
|1. |In English, sentences have a subject and a verb. |
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| |The subject is the person or thing that is being described or is doing something. |
| |The verb is the action word like run or sing, or a word like am, is, or are that links |
| |the subject to a description. |
| |[pic] |[pic] |
|2. |In Spanish, sentences also have a subject and a verb. |
| |[pic] |[pic] |
|3. |Both English and Spanish use nouns as subjects. Nouns can be replaced with pronouns. |
| |Some examples of Spanish pronouns you have seen are: yo, tú, usted, él, and ella. |
| |[pic] |[pic] |
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|4. |English sentences always have a subject or a subject pronoun. But in Spanish the subject|
| |or the subject pronoun can be left out if everyone knows who you’re talking about. |
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Subject pronouns:
1. Yo- I 6. Nosotros- We (masculine)
7. Nosotras- We (feminine)
2. Tú- you (friendly) 8. Vosotros- You plural (friendly-m)in Spain
9. Vosotras- You plural (friendly-f)in Spain
3. Usted- You (respectfully) 10. Ustedes-You pl. (respectfully-in Spain)
You plural (friendly and respectfully in any other country)
4. Él- He 10. Ellos- They (m)
5. Ella- She 11. Ellas- They (f)
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|Family members, friends, and teachers may add an ending such as -ito or -ita to a person’s name to show affection. Rosa |
| becomes Rosita, Teresa, Teresita, Juan becomes Juanito, and Miguel becomes Miguelito. There are nicknames, apodos, associated with|
|names that may be an abbreviation or part of a name. For example, Pilar, a very common girl’s name in Spain, becomes Pili, |
|and Santiago, a boy’s name, becomes Santi. Do we have similar nicknames in English? |
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|[pic] |
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|Students in Spanish-speaking countries address teachers in several ways. Women may be called by their title and first |
|name (señorita Rosa) or by title and last name (señorita García). If the teacher is older, she may be addressed as doña with her |
|first name, such as doña Josefina. Men may be addressed as don Pablo (title and first name) or señor Gómez (title and last name). |
|Compare this to the way you address your teachers. |
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