Let’s Talk! Using the Socratic Seminar Method to Promote ...
Let's Talk!
Using the Socratic Seminar Method to Develop 21st Century Skills
Valerie Carter, Advanced Academic Resource Teacher Fairfax County Public Schools
Virginia Association for the Gifted Conference Williamsburg, Virginia October 18, 2013
Wisdom begins in wonder.
~Socrates
Socrates
? 469-399 BC ? " I only know that I know nothing." ? Classical, Greek Athenian philosopher ? Never wrote down any of his ideas! ? His ideas were shared by his student Plato ? Socrates questioned the world around him-
What is beauty? What is wisdom? What is the right thing to do?
Paideia Philosophy
"All genuine learning is active, not passive. It involves the use of the mind, not just the memory. It is a process of discovery, in which the student is the main agent, not the teacher."~Mortimer Adler
? Philosopher Mortimer Adler wrote the Paideia Proposal in 1982. This Paideia Philosophy outlined principles that included that all children can learn, learning should be active, and three types of instruction.
? Three columns of instruction: didactic, coaching of intellectual skills, and Socratic questioning in seminar style.
? Didactic = 10-15%, Coaching = 60-70%, Seminar = 15-20% ? Defines a Socratic Seminar as a "collaborative, intellectual dialogue
facilitated with open-ended questions about a text."
What is a Socratic Seminar?
? Thoughtful and collaborative dialogue ? Open-ended discussion ? Respect for other participants ? An opportunity to share one's best
thinking ? Multiple viewpoints working toward
a shared understanding
Why Should You Use
Socratic Seminar?
? Promotes critical thinking and academic conversation ? Creates an environment where all students feel "safe" to
talk and share ideas ? respectful communication ? Increases communication skills ? Students must THINK and be aware of their thinking ?
leads to metacognition ? An excellent strategy that helps to increase reading
comprehension ? It's engaging! Students are actively constructing BIG
IDEAS! ? Students have a deeper understanding of others'
perspectives and can articulate different points of view. ? Encourages collaboration and the creation of new ideas.
Seminars
Class Discussions
97% student talk
97% teacher talk
Average student response=8-12 seconds
Average student response=2-3 seconds
No teacher approval or disapproval
Teacher judgment-emphasis on correctness; limited extended
thinking
Thinking is paramount, backed Rightness is paramount; thinking
up with textual evidence
ends as soon as one is right
Students listen to peers
Students listen primarily to teacher
Student ownership for "flow"
Teacher ownership for "flow"
Specific accountability as testing/documented evidence for
grading
A "frill"; nebulously, it counts as participation grade. If absent, didn't really miss anything--just a
class discussion
Socratic Seminar Handbook Advanced Academic Programs, Fairfax County Public Schools
Sample Selections for Socratic Seminar
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