9TH EDITION - United States Marine Corps

THE MARINE CORPS UNIVERSITY

COMMUNICATIONS STYLE GUIDE

9TH EDITION

A PUBLICATION OF THE LEADERSHIP COMMUNICATION SKILLS CENTER

THE MARINE CORPS UNIVERSITY COMMUNICATIONS STYLE GUIDE

9TH EDITION

~ Andrea Hamlen

Stase Wells Linda Di Desidero, PhD

Marine Corps University MCB Quantico, Virginia

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Table of Contents

List of Figures.............................................................................................................................................. v List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................... v List of Worksheets ...................................................................................................................................... v Foreword..................................................................................................................................................... vi Preface ....................................................................................................................................................... vii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................. viii Chapter One: Introduction to the Communication Process ................................................................... 1

1.1 Communication at Marine Corps University ..................................................................................... 1 1.2 Taking Your Writing and Speaking Beyond the Classroom.............................................................. 1 1.3 Professional Military Communication ............................................................................................... 2 1.4 How to Use this Book ........................................................................................................................ 2 Part I: The Writing Process........................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter Two: Invention ............................................................................................................................. 4 2.1 Determining Purpose and Analyzing Your Audience........................................................................ 4 2.2 Identifying Key Words and Understanding Common Academic Writing Tasks............................... 7 2.3 Invention Strategies ......................................................................................................................... 12 Chapter Three: Drafting .......................................................................................................................... 22 3.1 Strategies for Approaching the Drafting Process............................................................................. 22 3.2 Parts of the Paper ............................................................................................................................. 22 Chapter Four: The Revisions Process..................................................................................................... 38 4.1 Overview of the Revisions Process.................................................................................................. 38 4.2 Global-Level Revisions.................................................................................................................... 39 4.3 Surface-Level Revisions .................................................................................................................. 41 4.4 Ordering of Elements in an Academic Research Paper ................................................................... 45 Part II: Research and Documentation .................................................................................................... 50 Chapter Five: The Research Process ...................................................................................................... 51 5.1 Overview of the Research Process................................................................................................... 51 5.2 Finding a Topic and Collecting Background Information ............................................................... 53 5.3 Working with Sources: Reading Critically and Actively................................................................. 56 Chapter Six: Developing a Research Question....................................................................................... 61 6.1 Reviewing the Literature on Your Topic ......................................................................................... 61 6.2 Evaluating Your Sources ................................................................................................................. 63 6.3 Varying (Triangulating) Your Sources ............................................................................................ 65 6.4 Primary Research: Constructing Interview and Survey Questions .................................................. 66 6.5 Organizing Your Research Data ...................................................................................................... 68 6.6 Connecting Your Research Data to Your Research Question.......................................................... 70 Chapter Seven: Constructing an Argument ........................................................................................... 72 7.1 Characteristics of Effective Thesis Statements ................................................................................ 72 7.2 How to Begin Constructing a Working Thesis Statement ............................................................... 73 Chapter Eight: Writing with Sources ..................................................................................................... 75 8.1 Why Use Sources in Your Writing? ................................................................................................ 75 8.2 Plagiarism ........................................................................................................................................ 76 8.3 When to Cite: Avoiding Plagiarism ................................................................................................. 77 8.4 Using Direct Quotations................................................................................................................... 78 8.5 Paraphrasing..................................................................................................................................... 86 8.6 Summarizing .................................................................................................................................. ..87 8.7 Checklist for Using Your Sources Effectively............................................................................... ..88 8.8 Checklist for Avoiding Plagiarism................................................................................................. ..89 8.9 Overview of Chicago Style Citation and Documentation.............................................................. ..89

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