The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

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Lesson Outline

LESSON 1

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

A. The Cell Cycle

1. Most cells in an organism go through a cycle of growth, development, and division

called the

.

2. Because of the cell cycle, organisms grow and old or damaged cells, and produce new cells.

, replace

B. Phases of the Cell Cycle

1. There are two main phases of the cell cycle--interphase and

the

phase.

2.

is the period of growth and development for a cell.

3. During interphase, most cells go through three stages--rapid growth

and

of the organelles; replication

of

, the genetic information in a cell; and preparation

for

.

4. During the mitotic phase, a cell

.

C. Length of a Cell Cycle

1.

makes up most of the cell cycle.

2. During interphase, the DNA in the cell is called

.

D. Phases of Interphase

1. Interphase begins with a period of rapid growth--the stage.

2. During the strands of chromatin.

stage of interphase, the cell replicates its

3.

are the two identical strands of DNA that make up the

duplicated chromosome.

4. The sister chromatids are held together by a structure called

the

.

5. The final stage of interphase--the growth and final preparation for mitosis.

stage--is a period of

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

10

From a Cell to an Organism

Lesson Outline continued

E. Organelle Replication

1. Before a cell divides, it makes copies of all its

.

2. In

, the nucleus and its contents divide.

3. In

, the cytoplasm and its contents divide.

4. Two new

result from mitosis and cytokinesis.

F. Phases of Mitosis

1. During

, duplicated DNA condenses into chromosomes.

2. During the cell.

, the chromosomes line up in the middle of

3. During

, sister chromatids in each duplicated

chromosome separate and are pulled in opposite directions by the spindle fibers.

4. During identical nuclei form.

, chromosomes begin to uncoil, and two new

G. Dividing the Cell's Components

1. After mitosis,

usually divides a cell's cytoplasm, forming

a new cell membrane around each daughter cell.

2. In animal cells, a(n)

in the middle of the cells gets

deeper until the cell

comes together to divide the cell.

3. In plant cells, a(n) wall until two new cells form.

grows outward toward a new cell

H. Results of Cell Division

1. The cell cycle results in two new

that are genetically

identical to each other and to the original cell, which no longer exists.

2. The cell cycle is important for reproduction in some organisms, growth

in

organisms, replacement of worn-out or damaged

cells, and repair of damaged tissues.

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

From a Cell to an Organism

11

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