Final Exam Review Packet: The Crucible by Arthur Miller



Final Exam Review Packet: The Crucible by Arthur MillerMs. ZimnyAmerican Literature 11AFall Semester 2018Packet Contents:Review for the Exam: THE CRUCIBLETHE CRUCIBLE Vocabulary Lists #’s 1-4THE CRUCIBLE Practice Test QuestionsActs 1-2Unit ReviewTHE CRUCIBLE Study Questions Acts 1-4Final Exam Schedule:Periods 0, 3, 4: Tuesday, 18 December 2018Periods 0, 2, 5: Wednesday, 19 December 2018Periods -, 1, 6: Thursday, 20 December 2018Pupil Free Day: Friday, 21 December 2018Ms. Zimny’s Final Exam:John Proctor—Tragic Hero? (Essay) – One HourShort Answer – ? HourVocab. Acts 1-2: ? Hour**Together both portions = 10% of Overall GradeEXTRA CREDIT * Vocabulary Act FourMini Research TopicsJohn Proctor—Tragic Hero?You may use your composition book and all study materials for the exam. The Crucible by Arthur Miller: Review for the ExamThis test will be OPEN NOTE but not OPEN BOOKWHAT YOU NEED TO KNOWCHARACTER IDENTIFICATION (You need to be able to identify these characters by their lines, actions, their function, and/or the way they change throughout the play):CHARACTERROLEACTIONS/CHARACTERISTICS/LINESDeputy Governor DanforthEzekiel CheeverGiles CoreyMartha CoreySarah GoodReverend John HaleJudge HathorneMarshal HerrickMercy LewisRebecca NurseFrancis NurseBetty ParrisReverend ParrisElizabeth ProctorJohn ProctorAnn PutnamRuth PutnamThomas PutnamTitubaSusana WalcottMary WarrenAbigail WilliamsIRONY (Refer to your handout): You need to be aware of all the situational irony in the play.MOTIVES & REASONS (Why do each of these characters to do the things they do?)John Proctor: has an affair with Abigail; dislikes Parris; argues with Elizabeth; forgets his commandment; acts defensive; forces Mary Warren to act; confronts the court; will not confess; confesses; takes back his confessionReverend Hale: comes to Salem; questions the girls and Tituba; interviews the families; acts as a part of the court proceedings; withrdraws from the court proceedings; leaves Salem; returns to Salem; acts independently of the court Elizabeth Proctor: dismisses Abigail; is angry with John; argues with John; shows anger toward Abigail; urges John to act; says she does not believe in witches; refuses to confess; says she is pregnant; agrees to speak with John; refuses to influence JohnAbigail Williams: goes to the forest with the girls and Tituba; is defensive toward Parris; is angry with Betty; blames Tituba; confesses; repents; accuses Goody Good and Goody Osborne; pressures John; accuses Elizabeth; runs awayMOTIVES & REASONS (continued)Identify the actions and the corresponding motives/reasons for the following characters yourself:Betty Parris: ___________________________________________________________________Mary Warren: _______________________________________________________________Reverend Parris: _______________________________________________________________Tituba: _______________________________________________________________________Giles Corey: ___________________________________________________________________Dep. Gov. Danforth: ____________________________________________________________Ann Putnam: __________________________________________________________________Thomas Putnam: _______________________________________________________________Rebecca Nurse: ________________________________________________________________PLOT STRUCTURE (Refer to your handout): You need to understand the dynamics of the storyline.TRAGEDY: The Crucible is a literary tragedy. What are the elements required in a literary tragedy? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Who is the protagonist (hero) of this play? _________________________________________________What is his/her “fatal flaw?”____________________________________________________________THE CRUCIBLE: Vocabulary List #1abominationapprehensionarbitratebegrudgeblanchblatantcalumnycannyconceivecorroboratecorruptioncreeddefamationdefiledissemblingenraptureenthrallexaltationexudeformidableinculcationinertiniquityinjunctionintimationlicentiousmaraudordinancepartisanperpetuationpersecutepredilectionpropitiationranklerepressionsnivelsombertitillatetrepidationvindictiveTHE CRUCIBLEVocabulary List #2ameliorate avid compact compensate concede condemnation contempt conviction covenant covetdaft deference dote evade falter flinch friction gingerly glaring grapple indignant ineptly lecherymagistrate misgiving monstrous obstruct pallor perplexed pious plead reprimand restrain solemnsubtle tainted vengeance warrant wily wrathTHE CRUCIBLE 16065504508500Vocabulary List #3affidavit afflict allegiance anonymity apparition awed befuddle briskness callous concealmentconfounded conspiracy contemplation deception denounce deposition discontent effronteryextravagance fancy gleam guile hysterical immaculate imperceptible mimic perjury probityprodigious quail remorseless reproach scorn slovenly sublime transfixed undermine unintelligibleunperturbed vileTHE CRUCIBLE Vocabulary List #4EXTRA CREDIT ONLYadamant agonized astonished belie boundless calamity cleave climactic conciliatory contentiondeclare efficiency embodiment flail gaunt gibbet harlot heighten incredulous indictment naughtpenitence prevail providence rejoice reprieve rescind retaliation salvation scaffold sibilant singesorrow spite stench stony strive sufficient tantalize vanityALL LISTS ABOVE CAN BE FOUND AT (Search for Act 4).THE CRUCIBLE PRACTICE TEST, Acts One and TwoComprehension The best interpretation of the word “crucible” as it applies most meaningfully to the play is which meaning?In the Overture (according to Arthur Miller), Salem is described as being what kind of place?Before the action of the play begins, Betty Parris and her friends have been doing what? Where?How is Tituba best described?Who is Reverend Parris’ niece? Who is his daughter? How has he come to care for the two?What does Abigail Williams believe about her dismissal from the Proctor’s service?What is Ann Putnam’s greatest grief?Mary Warren’s role in the play is primarily that of… what?Elizabeth main fear in the first two acts is that her husband is… what?Those who have been accused of being witches by the court may save themselves from hanging by doing what?What reason does John Proctor give Reverend Hale for his absence from church?Why does Hale come to the Proctor’s house?Which commandment does John forget when Hale asks him to recite the Ten Commandment? Why is this ironic?What is unusual about the doll that Mary Warren makes for Elizabeth?Reading Skills and Strategies: Interpreting the TextWhy is the Reverend John Hale summoned from Beverly?Arthur Miller gives an indication about Abigail’s character when: he says what about her character (in a stage direction)? Betty is likely to be in a trancelike state. Why?A possible motivation for later accusations of witchcraft is suggested by what?One of the most significant conflicts established in Act Two is between which two characters?Marshal Herrick is shamefaced when he appears at the Proctor’s house because he… what?Literary Element: MotivationWhen Abigail threatens Betty, Abigail is motivated by what feeling(s)?Abigail accuses Goody Good and Goody Osburn of witchcraft. Why her?Why does Giles Corey say that his wife has been reading strange books?What is Mary Warren’s motivation for joining the girls in their accusations of witchcraft?Elizabeth says that Abigail accuses her of being a witch; she believes this of Abigail for what reason?The Crucible: Unit ReviewCAST OF CHARACTERS – Be Prepared to Match the Characters With Their DescriptionGiles CoreyBetty ParrisDeputy Governor DanforthAbigail WilliamsAnn PutnamThomas PutnamTitubaMary WarrenRebecca NurseSusanna WalcottJudge HawthorneReverend ParrisRevernd John HaleElizabeth ProctorFrancis NurseEzekiel CheeverSarah GoodMercy LewisJohn ProctorMarshall HerrickHopkinsMartha CoreyArthur MillerMotives – Explain the actions of each character by providing a motive24. John Proctor refuses to sign a confession because….25. Reverend Hale returns to Salem in Act IV because….26. Elizabeth Proctor lies for the first time because….27. Abigail Williams accuses Elizabeth Proctor because….28. Mary Warren fears going to court because….76200401320WHY ARE THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERS AND THEIR SITUATIONS IRONIC?A. ABIGAIL WILLIAMSis a child yetB. JOHN PROCTOR must confess, yet when he doesC. ELIZABETH PROCTOR cannot tell a lieD. DEPUTY GOVERNOR DANFORTH is a man who must seek the truth, butE. GILES COREY is a man who is known for his jabbering, yet00WHY ARE THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERS AND THEIR SITUATIONS IRONIC?A. ABIGAIL WILLIAMSis a child yetB. JOHN PROCTOR must confess, yet when he doesC. ELIZABETH PROCTOR cannot tell a lieD. DEPUTY GOVERNOR DANFORTH is a man who must seek the truth, butE. GILES COREY is a man who is known for his jabbering, yetChoose the best answer to complete each sentence29. Proctor forgets _________________ upon being questioned by Reverend Hale.30. THE CRUCIBLE is a play written by _________________.31. A Christian who leaves the Anglican church of England and moved to Salem is a/an _________________.a. pilgrimb. Puritanc. Intolerantd. Wayward Christiane. emigrant32. The Crucible was intended to be read as a/an _________________.33. The Crucible was meant to be compared to the search for supposed _________________ in the 1950’s.34. The1950’s search and hearings were the political creation of _________________.By the time the witch trials ended, ________________ people (including a dog) had been hanged in Salem.The setting of the play is in Salem, in the year _________________._________________ tells John Proctor that the girls danced in the forest for “sport.”When Mary Warren tries to tell the court it is all pretense, the girls pretend to see _________________.The play is appropriately titled The Crucible for the following reason or reasons (mark all that apply):“He may have his goodness now, God forbid I take it from him,” is said by _________________.It says, “Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live” in _________________.True or False42. Reverend Hale questions the Proctors for a number of reasons, not just one.43. Abigail is solely and completely to blame for the witch trials.44. Mary Warren is a sympathetic character for whom the audience/reader feels sorry.45. Giles Corey is a somewhat comical character in the play.46. Reverend Parris’ main motivation was to purge (rid) his congregation of witchcraft.47. Hathorne acts as a fair and objective court official.48. Act Two, Scene Two was removed from the play by the author.49. Putnam and Parris seem to share similar opinions.50. Elizabeth Proctor confesses, and encourages John Proctor to do so when she says, “I want you living, John.”51. Abigail is mostly clever and deliberate in her accusations.THE CRUCIBLE Study Questions - Act One 1"So now they and their church found it necessary to deny any other sect its freedom, lest their New Jerusalem be defiled and corrupted by wrong and deceitful ideas." What is the irony of that statement?2Explain how the witch hunt years were a time of "general revenge."3Identify:TitubaAbigailBetty4Why does Mrs. Putnam believe there are witches in Salem?5Why is Thomas Putnam bitter?6Parris says "Oh, Abigail, what proper payment for my charity! Now I am undone!" What does that mean?7What is Mary's argument to Abby?8Describe Proctor.9What happened between Abigail and John Proctor prior to the opening of the play?10What was the "sign" that Betty was bewitched?11Identify Francis and Rebecca Nurse.12Explain the political relationship between the Putnam and Nurse families.13What effect does Rebecca have on Betty?14What is Rebecca's explanation of the girl's behavior?15"There are wheels within wheels in this village and fires within fires." Explain.16What is Proctor's reason for his not regularly attending church?17Parris demands firewood, the deed to his house and more money ó what does he really want?18Giles says, "Think on it now, it's a deep thing, and dark as a pit." To what is he referring, literally and symbolically?19What do Putnam and Proctor argue about? What does this show?20Who is Rev. John Hale, and why does he come to Salem?21Hale says, "They (the books) must be (heavy); they are weighted with authority." What is the significance of this remark?22To what did Tituba confess? Why?23What do the girls do at the end of Act One?THE CRUCIBLE Study Questions - Act Two 1Where does Elizabeth want John to go, and what does she want him to do there?2What is John's response to her prodding?3What gift did Mary give Elizabeth?What gift did Mary give Elizabeth?4What was the 'evidence' against Sarah Good?5Why doesn't Proctor want Mary to go back to court?6Why does Elizabeth think Abigail wants to kill her?7Why did Hale come to Proctor's house?8What things are "suspicious" about Proctor and his family?9Hales asks Elizabeth if she believes in witches. What is her reply?10On what charge(s) was Rebecca Nurse arrested?11Why does Cheever come to the Proctor house?12Explain the significance of the needle in the "poppet."13What will happen to Proctor if he tries to discredit Abby?14Why doesn't Mary want to testify about the doll?THE CRUCIBLE Study Questions - Act ThreeWhy do Giles and Francis want to talk to Danforth?What is Parris' argument against Proctor?What does Mary tell Danforth?When Danforth hears that Elizabeth is pregnant, what does he allow?What paper did ninety-one people sign?". . . a person is either with this court or he must be counted against it, there be no road between." Explain the importance of Danforth's statement.What quote did Proctor use to help Mary remain brave?Of what does Giles accuse Putnam?What is Hale's problem as Proctor and his friends present evidence to Danforth?Hawthorne thinks of a test for Mary. What is it? Can she do it? Why or why not?Proctor calls Abigail a whore, and he confesses his lechery. Danforth tests Proctors statement by calling for Elizabeth and asking her why Abigail was dismissed. What does Elizabeth say? Why?What do the girls do to Mary? What is her response?What happens to Proctor at the end of Act III? How did things turn out for him? What do the girls do at the end of Act III? How did things turn out for them?THE CRUCIBLE Study Questions - Act Four 1What explanation does Cheever give Parris' "mad look"?2What did Abigail do?3Parris says, "You cannot hang this sort. There is danger for me." What "sort" does he mean, and what is the danger to him?4Explain Danforth's reason that a pardon would not be just.5Why has Hale come back to Salem?6What does Hale want Elizabeth to do?7What happened to Giles?8Proctor says, "My honesty is broke, Elizabeth, I am no good man." Explain.9What did Proctor do after he signed the confession? Why?10What "confession" did Elizabeth make to John?11Proctor says, " I have given you my soul; leave me my name!" Explain.12Elizabeth says, "He have his goodness now. God forbid I take it from him!" What does she mean?John Proctor – A Tragic Hero?In which ways can John Proctor be considered heroic?Brainstorm some ideas here:In which ways can John Proctor be considered tragic?Brainstorm some ideas here:In which ways is John Proctor flawed or weak? Or do you not agree?Brainstorm some ideas here:In which ways is John Proctor a common man that represents society’s injustice? Or do you not agree?Brainstorm some ideas here:Is John Proctor a Tragic Hero According to Aristotle or According to Arthur Miller?On the left, you’ll find conditions of the Aristotelean definition, and on the right, you’ll find elements from an essay Miller himself wrote on the Modern Tragic Hero. Check which elements you believe relate more to John Proctor from The Crucible.30689555334000Do you believe that John Proctor… Or Do you believe that John ProctorIs an extraordinary man?Was born of high birth status?Who has a high character? Status? Reputation?Is unreasonable?Is stubborn?Is caught in a series of tragic circumstances?Becomes lost in a hopeless situation?suffers a tragic downfall?Accepts responsibility for his downfall in the end?Shows a great capacity for suffering?Has an epiphany at the end of the story?That this epiphany is of great personal magnitude?That this epiphany frees him from his ignorance and allows him to die free?Is a common man?Is displaced from his “rightful position in society”?Is unwilling to remain passive?Is flawed because he wants to challenge those that challenge his dignity and image?Fears being displaced or misunderstood by society?Yearns for a strong, defined, respected position in society, because that is what makes a man?might lose his defined stature or place and suffer a “fall” from which he may not easily recover?Is at the mercy of society, therefore, insomuch that it is a man’s rightful position in society that defines him.Ends his life tragically but not necessarily “unhappily” – that there is a possibility of victory in his death.CRUCIBLE UNIT ESSAY Arthur Miller’s The Crucible: Argument/Literary AnalysisGOALSProduce a complete, formal essay on the topic. Keep in mind that you have two objectives with this assignment:OBJECTIVE #1: Craft a complete essay, using all the knowledge about essay writing, grammar, spelling, mechanics, organization, etc.OBJECTIVE#2: Prove to me, through specific evidence and coherent, well-constructed argument that you present in your essay that you read and understood Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, specifically as related to the topic as given below. TOPICANALYSE and EVALUATE the following definitions of a tragic hero by Aristotle:Aristotle defined a “tragic hero” as an extraordinary man born of high birth, who has a high character and stature. He is a man who is unreasonable and stubborn, and he becomes caught in a series of tragic circumstances. The protagonist discovers that his situation becomes irretrievable-- Inevitably, the protagonist suffers a tragic fall from power and/or fame. In the end, he accepts responsibility for his actions and shows a great capacity for suffering, ultimately resulting in a realization or epiphany of great personal magnitude—a revelation from which he is freed of ignorance and brought into knowledge.NOTE: YOU MAY WANT TO KEEP IN MIND THIS DEFINITION OF A “TRAGIC HERO” BY ARTHUR MILLER:Arthur Miller defined his “tragic hero” as a role not reserved for merely the man of noble birth or high stature, but the common man. Miller’s definition of a tragic hero is one who is displaced from his “‘rightful’ position in society.” The tragic flaw of the hero, Miller claims, is not necessarily a weakness, but the character’s unwillingness to “remain passive in the face of what he conceives to be a challenge to his dignity, his image to his rightful status. Only the passive, only those who accept their lot without active retaliation, are ‘flawless.’” Miller states that it is the fear of displacement that the common man knows best. And if it is true that a man’s desire is to evaluate himself rightly according to his place and position in his world, then the destruction of his stature creates a “fall” from which he cannot easily recover. This tragic fall is the “condition which suppresses man… and perverts [him].” Society, therefore, is responsible in part for the fall of the tragic hero, as an intrinsic part of the cause and effect. Finally, Miller insists that tragedy need not be synonymous with a “sad or unhappy” ending: “…The possibility of victory must be there in [the] tragedy.” – Arthur Miller, “Tragedy and the Common Man,” from the Theater Essays of Arthur Miller (Viking Press 1978) pp. 3-8 Copyright 1949When discussing the character of John Proctor, the protagonist in The Crucible, argue that he does or does not match the Aristotelian definition of the tragic hero. Be specific when you make your case. Refer to the play in detail to support your argument.QUESTION: Do you consider John Proctor, the protagonist in The Crucible, to fit the definition of a tragic hero? WHICH definition? Aristotle’s? Miller’s? Both? Neither? Argue your position in your essay. Be strong in your argument. Do not “straddle the fence” or play it safe. You may argue against or for either definition, or you may choose to develop your own. Regardless of your position, BE CLEAR AND PRECISE. Let your voice be heard, and support your opinions with textual evidence.Most importantly, consider what you believe to be the most important qualities for a tragic hero.Be specific when you make your case. Refer to the play as much as possible to support your argument. Avoid speaking in generalities. Outline for Essay – you may fill this out or adjust it as needed for the Final ExamINTRODUCTION PARAGRAPH:General Information/Background/Introduction Statement: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Author/ Play Title/ Main Ideas to connect to the above sentence:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Narrow to thesis/claim:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thesis/claim:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________BODY PARAGRAPH #1:Topic Sentence: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Evidence (Quotation or Paraphrase) with parenthetical citation #1:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Expand with Analysis/Commentary/Explanation:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Expand more with Analysis/Commentary/Explanation/Transition to next piece of evidence --____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Evidence (Quotation or Paraphrase) with parenthetical citation #2:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Expand with Analysis/Commentary/Explanation:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Expand more with Analysis/Commentary/Explanation/Transition to next piece of evidence --____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Concluding/Transition Sentence:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________BODY PARAGRAPH #2:Topic Sentence:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Evidence (Quotation or Paraphrase) with parenthetical citation #1:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Expand with Analysis/Commentary/Explanation____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Expand more with Analysis/Commentary/Explanation/Transition to next piece of evidence --____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Evidence (Quotation or Paraphrase) with parenthetical citation #2:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Expand with Analysis/Commentary/Explanation:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Expand more with Analysis/Commentary/Explanation/Transition to next piece of evidence --______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Concluding/Transition Sentence:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________CONCLUSION PARAGRAPH:Restate the thesis/claim from the introduction in different words:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Give your final paragraph a sense of conclusion by referring to your thesis claim as though it has been proven/wrapped up:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Provide no NEW evidence, but stress some commentary/analysis in a general way that applies to an overall viewpoint that helps the reader understand your basic claim/thesis/argument/point:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Provide no NEW evidence, but relate your overall claim/thesis/argument/point to both John Proctor, the Puritans, and life in general (you may need a couple sentences):________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Last sentence – leave your reader with a moral, big picture, or a life-impacting statement:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ................
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