Final Exam Review Packet #2



Final Exam Review Packet: The Crucible by Arthur Miller

Ms. Zimny

American Literature 11A

Fall Semester 2018

Packet Contents:

• Review for the Exam: THE CRUCIBLE

• THE CRUCIBLE Vocabulary Lists #’s 1-4

• THE CRUCIBLE Practice Test Questions

o Acts 1-2

o Unit Review

• THE CRUCIBLE Study Questions Acts 1-4

Final Exam Schedule:

Periods 0, 3, 4: Tuesday, 18 December 2018

Periods 0, 2, 5: Wednesday, 19 December 2018

Periods -, 1, 6: Thursday, 20 December 2018

Pupil Free Day: Friday, 21 December 2018

Ms. Zimny’s Final Exam:

1. John Proctor—Tragic Hero? (Essay) – One Hour

2. Your Choice of Short Answer Questions from: The Crucible – ½ Hour

3. – ½ Hour (Multiple Choice)

**Together both portions = 10% of Overall Grade

John Proctor—Tragic Hero?

You may use your book and all study materials for the exam.

The Crucible by Arthur Miller: Review for the Exam

This test will be OPEN NOTE but not OPEN BOOK

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

1. CHARACTER IDENTIFICATION (You need to be able to identify these characters by their lines, actions, their function, and/or the way they change throughout the play):

|CHARACTER |ROLE |ACTIONS/CHARACTERISTICS/LINES |

|Deputy Governor Danforth | | |

|Ezekiel Cheever | | |

|Giles Corey | | |

|Martha Corey | | |

|Sarah Good | | |

|Reverend John Hale | | |

|Judge Hathorne | | |

|Marshal Herrick | | |

|Mercy Lewis | | |

|Rebecca Nurse | | |

|Francis Nurse | | |

|Betty Parris | | |

|Reverend Parris | | |

|Elizabeth Proctor | | |

|John Proctor | | |

|Ann Putnam | | |

|Ruth Putnam | | |

|Thomas Putnam | | |

|Tituba | | |

|Susana Walcott | | |

|Mary Warren | | |

|Abigail Williams | | |

2. IRONY (Refer to your handout): You need to be aware of all the situational irony in the play.

3. MOTIVES & REASONS (Why do each of these characters to do the things they do?)

John Proctor: has an affair with Abigail; dislikes Parris; argues with Elizabeth; forgets his commandment; acts defensive; forces Mary Warren to act; confronts the court; will not confess; confesses; takes back his confession

Reverend Hale: comes to Salem; questions the girls and Tituba; interviews the families; acts as a part of the court proceedings; withrdraws from the court proceedings; leaves Salem; returns to Salem; acts independently of the court

Elizabeth Proctor: dismisses Abigail; is angry with John; argues with John; shows anger toward Abigail; urges John to act; says she does not believe in witches; refuses to confess; says she is pregnant; agrees to speak with John; refuses to influence John

Abigail Williams: goes to the forest with the girls and Tituba; is defensive toward Parris; is angry

with Betty; blames Tituba; confesses; repents; accuses Goody Good and Goody Osborne; pressures John; accuses Elizabeth; runs away

MOTIVES & REASONS (continued)

Identify the actions and the corresponding motives/reasons for the following characters yourself:

Betty Parris: ___________________________________________________________________

Mary Warren: _______________________________________________________________

Reverend Parris: _______________________________________________________________

Tituba: _______________________________________________________________________

Giles Corey: ___________________________________________________________________

Dep. Gov. Danforth: ____________________________________________________________

Ann Putnam: __________________________________________________________________

Thomas Putnam: _______________________________________________________________

Rebecca Nurse: ________________________________________________________________

4. PLOT STRUCTURE (Refer to your handout): You need to understand the dynamics of the storyline.

5. TRAGEDY: The Crucible is a literary tragedy.

What are the elements required in a literary tragedy? _______________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

Who is the protagonist (hero) of this play? _________________________________________________

What is his/her “fatal flaw?” ____________________________________________________________

THE CRUCIBLE:

Vocabulary List #1

1. abomination

2. apprehension

3. arbitrate

4. begrudge

5. blanch

6. blatant

7. calumny

8. canny

9. conceive

10. corroborate

11. corruption

12. creed

13. defamation

14. defile

15. dissembling

16. enrapture

17. enthrall

18. exaltation

19. exude

20. formidable

21. inculcation

22. inert

23. iniquity

24. injunction

25. intimation

26. licentious

27. maraud

28. ordinance

29. partisan

30. perpetuation

31. persecute

32. predilection

33. propitiation

34. rankle

35. repression

36. snivel

37. somber

38. titillate

39. trepidation

40. vindictive

THE CRUCIBLE

Vocabulary List #2

1. ameliorate

2. avid

3. compact

4. compensate

5. concede

6. condemnation

7. contempt

8. conviction

9. covenant

10. covet

11. daft

12. deference

13. dote

14. evade

15. falter

16. flinch

17. friction

18. gingerly

19. glaring

20. grapple

21. indignant

22. ineptly

23. lechery

24. magistrate

25. misgiving

26. monstrous

27. obstruct

28. pallor

29. perplexed

30. pious

31. plead

32. reprimand

33. restrain

34. solemn

35. subtle

36. tainted

37. vengeance

38. warrant

39. wily

40. wrath

THE CRUCIBLE

Vocabulary List #3

1. affidavit

2. afflict

3. allegiance

4. anonymity

5. apparition

6. awed

7. befuddle

8. briskness

9. callous

10. concealment

11. confounded

12. conspiracy

13. contemplation

14. deception

15. denounce

16. deposition

17. discontent

18. effrontery

19. extravagance

20. fancy

21. gleam

22. guile

23. hysterical

24. immaculate

25. imperceptible

26. mimic

27. perjury

28. probity

29. prodigious

30. quail

31. remorseless

32. reproach

33. scorn

34. slovenly

35. sublime

36. transfixed

37. undermine

38. unintelligible

39. unperturbed

40. vile

THE CRUCIBLE

Vocabulary List #4

1. adamant

2. agonized

3. astonished

4. belie

5. boundless

6. calamity

7. cleave

8. climactic

9. conciliatory

10. contention

11. declare

12. efficiency

13. embodiment

14. flail

15. gaunt

16. gibbet

17. harlot

18. heighten

19. incredulous

20. indictment

21. naught

22. penitence

23. prevail

24. providence

25. rejoice

26. reprieve

27. rescind

28. retaliation

29. salvation

30. scaffold

31. sibilant

32. singe

33. sorrow

34. spite

35. stench

36. stony

37. strive

38. sufficient

39. tantalize

40. vanity

ALL LISTS ABOVE CAN BE FOUND AT

THE CRUCIBLE PRACTICE TEST, Acts One and Two

Comprehension

1. The best interpretation of the word “crucible” as it applies most meaningfully to the play is which meaning?

2. In the Overture (according to Arthur Miller), Salem is described as being what kind of place?

3. Before the action of the play begins, Betty Parris and her friends have been doing what? Where?

4. How is Tituba best described?

5. Who is Reverend Parris’ niece? Who is his daughter? How has he come to care for the two?

6. What does Abigail Williams believe about her dismissal from the Proctor’s service?

7. What is Ann Putnam’s greatest grief?

8. Mary Warren’s role in the play is primarily that of… what?

9. Elizabeth main fear in the first two acts is that her husband is… what?

10. Those who have been accused of being witches by the court may save themselves from hanging by doing what?

11. What reason does John Proctor give Reverend Hale for his absence from church?

12. Why does Hale come to the Proctor’s house?

13. Which commandment does John forget when Hale asks him to recite the Ten Commandment? Why is this ironic?

14. What is unusual about the doll that Mary Warren makes for Elizabeth?

Reading Skills and Strategies: Interpreting the Text

15. Why is the Reverend John Hale summoned from Beverly?

16. Arthur Miller gives an indication about Abigail’s character when: he says what about her character (in a stage direction)?

17. Betty is likely to be in a trancelike state. Why?

18. A possible motivation for later accusations of witchcraft is suggested by what?

19. One of the most significant conflicts established in Act Two is between which two characters?

20. Marshal Herrick is shamefaced when he appears at the Proctor’s house because he… what?

Literary Element: Motivation

21. When Abigail threatens Betty, Abigail is motivated by what feeling(s)?

22. Abigail accuses Goody Good and Goody Osburn of witchcraft. Why her?

23. Why does Giles Corey say that his wife has been reading strange books?

24. What is Mary Warren’s motivation for joining the girls in their accusations of witchcraft?

25. Elizabeth says that Abigail accuses her of being a witch; she believes this of Abigail for what reason?

The Crucible: Unit Review

CAST OF CHARACTERS – Be Prepared to Match the Characters With Their Description

• Giles Corey

• Betty Parris

• Deputy Governor Danforth

• Abigail Williams

• Ann Putnam

• Thomas Putnam

• Tituba

• Mary Warren

• Rebecca Nurse

• Susanna Walcott

• Judge Hawthorne

• Reverend Parris

• Revernd John Hale

• Elizabeth Proctor

• Francis Nurse

• Ezekiel Cheever

• Sarah Good

• Mercy Lewis

• John Proctor

• Marshall Herrick

• Hopkins

• Martha Corey

• Arthur Miller

Motives – Explain the actions of each character by providing a motive

24. John Proctor refuses to sign a confession because….

25. Reverend Hale returns to Salem in Act IV because….

26. Elizabeth Proctor lies for the first time because….

27. Abigail Williams accuses Elizabeth Proctor because….

28. Mary Warren fears going to court because….

Choose the best answer to complete each sentence

29. Proctor forgets _________________ upon being questioned by Reverend Hale.

30. THE CRUCIBLE is a play written by _________________.

31. A Christian who leaves the Anglican church of England and moved to Salem is a/an _________________.

|a. pilgrim |b. Puritan |c. Intolerant |d. Wayward Christian |e. emigrant |

32. The Crucible was intended to be read as a/an _________________.

33. The Crucible was meant to be compared to the search for supposed _________________ in the 1950’s.

34. The1950’s search and hearings were the political creation of _________________.

35. By the time the witch trials ended, ________________ people (including a dog) had been hanged in Salem.

36. The setting of the play is in Salem, in the year _________________.

37. _________________ tells John Proctor that the girls danced in the forest for “sport.”

38. When Mary Warren tries to tell the court it is all pretense, the girls pretend to see _________________.

39. The play is appropriately titled The Crucible for the following reason or reasons (mark all that apply):

40. “He may have his goodness now, God forbid I take it from him,” is said by _________________.

41. It says, “Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live” in _________________.

True or False

42. Reverend Hale questions the Proctors for a number of reasons, not just one.

43. Abigail is solely and completely to blame for the witch trials.

44. Mary Warren is a sympathetic character for whom the audience/reader feels sorry.

45. Giles Corey is a somewhat comical character in the play.

46. Reverend Parris’ main motivation was to purge (rid) his congregation of witchcraft.

47. Hathorne acts as a fair and objective court official.

48. Act Two, Scene Two was removed from the play by the author.

49. Putnam and Parris seem to share similar opinions.

50. Elizabeth Proctor confesses, and encourages John Proctor to do so when she says, “I want you living, John.”

51. Abigail is mostly clever and deliberate in her accusations.

THE CRUCIBLE Study Questions - Act One

|1 |"So now they and their church found it necessary to deny any other sect its freedom, lest their New Jerusalem be defiled and corrupted by |

| |wrong and deceitful ideas." What is the irony of that statement? |

|2 |Explain how the witch hunt years were a time of "general revenge." |

|3 |Identify: |

| |Tituba |

| |Abigail |

| |Betty |

|4 |Why does Mrs. Putnam believe there are witches in Salem? |

|5 |Why is Thomas Putnam bitter? |

|6 |Parris says "Oh, Abigail, what proper payment for my charity! Now I am undone!" What does that mean? |

|7 |What is Mary's argument to Abby? |

|8 |Describe Proctor. |

|9 |What happened between Abigail and John Proctor prior to the opening of the play? |

|10 |What was the "sign" that Betty was bewitched? |

|11 |Identify Francis and Rebecca Nurse. |

|12 |Explain the political relationship between the Putnam and Nurse families. |

|13 |What effect does Rebecca have on Betty? |

|14 |What is Rebecca's explanation of the girl's behavior? |

|15 |"There are wheels within wheels in this village and fires within fires." Explain. |

|16 |What is Proctor's reason for his not regularly attending church? |

|17 |Parris demands firewood, the deed to his house and more money ó what does he really want? |

|18 |Giles says, "Think on it now, it's a deep thing, and dark as a pit." To what is he referring, literally and symbolically? |

|19 |What do Putnam and Proctor argue about? What does this show? |

|20 |Who is Rev. John Hale, and why does he come to Salem? |

|21 |Hale says, "They (the books) must be (heavy); they are weighted with authority." What is the significance of this remark? |

|22 |To what did Tituba confess? Why? |

|23 |What do the girls do at the end of Act One? |

THE CRUCIBLE Study Questions - Act Two

|1 |Where does Elizabeth want John to go, and what does she want him to do there? |

|2 |What is John's response to her prodding? |

|3 |What gift did Mary give Elizabeth?What gift did Mary give Elizabeth? |

|4 |What was the 'evidence' against Sarah Good? |

|5 |Why doesn't Proctor want Mary to go back to court? |

|6 |Why does Elizabeth think Abigail wants to kill her? |

|7 |Why did Hale come to Proctor's house? |

|8 |What things are "suspicious" about Proctor and his family? |

|9 |Hales asks Elizabeth if she believes in witches. What is her reply? |

|10 |On what charge(s) was Rebecca Nurse arrested? |

|11 |Why does Cheever come to the Proctor house? |

|12 |Explain the significance of the needle in the "poppet." |

|13 |What will happen to Proctor if he tries to discredit Abby? |

|14 |Why doesn't Mary want to testify about the doll? |

THE CRUCIBLE Study Questions - Act Three

1. Why do Giles and Francis want to talk to Danforth?

2. What is Parris' argument against Proctor?

3. What does Mary tell Danforth?

4. When Danforth hears that Elizabeth is pregnant, what does he allow?

5. What paper did ninety-one people sign?

6. ". . . a person is either with this court or he must be counted against it, there be no

road between." Explain the importance of Danforth's statement.

7. What quote did Proctor use to help Mary remain brave?

8. Of what does Giles accuse Putnam?

9. What is Hale's problem as Proctor and his friends present evidence to Danforth?

10. Hawthorne thinks of a test for Mary. What is it? Can she do it? Why or why not?

11. Proctor calls Abigail a whore, and he confesses his lechery. Danforth tests Proctors statement by calling for Elizabeth and asking her why Abigail was dismissed. What does Elizabeth say? Why?

12. What do the girls do to Mary? What is her response?

13. What happens to Proctor at the end of Act III? How did things turn out for him? What do the girls do at the end of Act III? How did things turn out for them?

THE CRUCIBLE Study Questions - Act Four

|1 |What explanation does Cheever give Parris' "mad look"? |

|2 |What did Abigail do? |

|3 |Parris says, "You cannot hang this sort. There is danger for me." What "sort" does he mean, and what is the danger to him? |

|4 |Explain Danforth's reason that a pardon would not be just. |

|5 |Why has Hale come back to Salem? |

|6 |What does Hale want Elizabeth to do? |

|7 |What happened to Giles? |

|8 |Proctor says, "My honesty is broke, Elizabeth, I am no good man." Explain. |

|9 |What did Proctor do after he signed the confession? Why? |

|10 |What "confession" did Elizabeth make to John? |

|11 |Proctor says, " I have given you my soul; leave me my name!" Explain. |

|12 |Elizabeth says, "He have his goodness now. God forbid I take it from him!" What does she mean? |

John Proctor – A Tragic Hero?

In which ways can John Proctor be considered heroic?

Brainstorm some ideas here:

In which ways can John Proctor be considered tragic?

Brainstorm some ideas here:

In which ways is John Proctor flawed or weak? Or do you not agree?

Brainstorm some ideas here:

In which ways is John Proctor a common man that represents society’s injustice? Or do you not agree?

Brainstorm some ideas here:

Is John Proctor a Tragic Hero According to Aristotle or According to Arthur Miller?

On the left, you’ll find conditions of the Aristotelean definition, and on the right, you’ll find elements from an essay Miller himself wrote on the Modern Tragic Hero. Check which elements you believe relate more to John Proctor from The Crucible.

Do you believe that John Proctor… Or Do you believe that John Proctor

Is an extraordinary man?

Was born of high birth status?

Who has a high character? Status? Reputation?

Is unreasonable?

Is stubborn?

Is caught in a series of tragic circumstances?

Becomes lost in a hopeless situation?

suffers a tragic downfall?

Accepts responsibility for his downfall in the end?

Shows a great capacity for suffering?

Has an epiphany at the end of the story?

That this epiphany is of great personal magnitude?

That this epiphany frees him from his ignorance and allows him to die free?

Is a common man?

Is displaced from his “rightful position in society”?

Is unwilling to remain passive?

Is flawed because he wants to challenge those that challenge his dignity and image?

Fears being displaced or misunderstood by society?

Yearns for a strong, defined, respected position in society, because that is what makes a man?

might lose his defined stature or place and suffer a “fall” from which he may not easily recover?

Is at the mercy of society, therefore, insomuch that it is a man’s rightful position in society that defines him.

Ends his life tragically but not necessarily “unhappily” – that there is a possibility of victory in his death.

CRUCIBLE UNIT ESSAY

Arthur Miller’s The Crucible: Argument/Literary Analysis

GOALS

Produce a complete, formal essay on the topic. Keep in mind that you have two objectives with this assignment:

OBJECTIVE #1: Craft a complete essay, using all the knowledge about essay writing, grammar, spelling, mechanics, organization, etc.

OBJECTIVE#2: Prove to me, through specific evidence and coherent, well-constructed argument that you present in your essay that you read and understood Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, specifically as related to the topic as given below.

TOPIC

ANALYSE and EVALUATE the following definitions of a tragic hero by Aristotle:

Aristotle defined a “tragic hero” as an extraordinary man born of high birth, who has a high character and stature. He is a man who is unreasonable and stubborn, and he becomes caught in a series of tragic circumstances. The protagonist discovers that his situation becomes irretrievable-- Inevitably, the protagonist suffers a tragic fall from power and/or fame. In the end, he accepts responsibility for his actions and shows a great capacity for suffering, ultimately resulting in a realization or epiphany of great personal magnitude—a revelation from which he is freed of ignorance and brought into knowledge.

NOTE: YOU MAY WANT TO KEEP IN MIND THIS DEFINITION OF A “TRAGIC HERO” BY ARTHUR MILLER:

Arthur Miller defined his “tragic hero” as a role not reserved for merely the man of noble birth or high stature, but the common man. Miller’s definition of a tragic hero is one who is displaced from his “‘rightful’ position in society.” The tragic flaw of the hero, Miller claims, is not necessarily a weakness, but the character’s unwillingness to “remain passive in the face of what he conceives to be a challenge to his dignity, his image to his rightful status. Only the passive, only those who accept their lot without active retaliation, are ‘flawless.’” Miller states that it is the fear of displacement that the common man knows best. And if it is true that a man’s desire is to evaluate himself rightly according to his place and position in his world, then the destruction of his stature creates a “fall” from which he cannot easily recover. This tragic fall is the “condition which suppresses man… and perverts [him].” Society, therefore, is responsible in part for the fall of the tragic hero, as an intrinsic part of the cause and effect. Finally, Miller insists that tragedy need not be synonymous with a “sad or unhappy” ending: “…The possibility of victory must be there in [the] tragedy.”

– Arthur Miller, “Tragedy and the Common Man,” from the Theater Essays of Arthur Miller (Viking Press 1978) pp. 3-8 Copyright 1949

When discussing the character of John Proctor, the protagonist in The Crucible, argue that he does or does not match the Aristotelian definition of the tragic hero. Be specific when you make your case. Refer to the play in detail to support your argument.

QUESTION: Do you consider John Proctor, the protagonist in The Crucible, to fit the definition of a tragic hero? WHICH definition? Aristotle’s? Miller’s? Both? Neither? Argue your position in your essay.

Be strong in your argument. Do not “straddle the fence” or play it safe. You may argue against or for either definition, or you may choose to develop your own. Regardless of your position, BE CLEAR AND PRECISE. Let your voice be heard, and support your opinions with textual evidence.

Most importantly, consider what you believe to be the most important qualities for a tragic hero.

Be specific when you make your case. Refer to the play as much as possible to support your argument. Avoid speaking in generalities.

-----------------------

WHY ARE THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERS AND THEIR SITUATIONS IRONIC?

A. ABIGAIL WILLIAMS is a child yet B. JOHN PROCTOR must confess, yet when he does

C. ELIZABETH PROCTOR cannot tell a lie D. DEPUTY GOVERNOR DANFORTH is a man who must seek the truth, but

E. GILES COREY is a man who is known for his jabbering, yet

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