PASSIVE VOICE O QUE É? PARA QUE SERVE?

[Pages:4]PASSIVE VOICE

O QUE ?? PARA QUE SERVE? A voz passiva ? usada sempre que num determinado contexto a a??o praticada ou um objeto forem muito mais importantes do que quem a praticou ou obteve o objeto. ? dar ao objeto (direto ou indireto, complementos do verbo) mais importancia do que ao sujeito.

Ativa: O mec?nico consertou o carro.

Passiva: O carro foi consertado pelo mec?nico.

Para isso, note que sempre teremos uma constru??o com o verbo "to be" (ser: ?, foi, ser?, tem sido...) e o verbo principal no partic?puio passado (written, spoken, reviewed, fixed...).

RELA??ES ATIVA/PASSIVA

VOZ ATIVA

Simple Present "...buy / buys..."

Present Continuous "...am / is / are buying..."

Simple Past "...bought..."

Past Continuous "...was / were buying..."

Present Perfect/Present Perfect Continuous "...have/ has bought ..." "...have / has been buying..."

Past Perfect "...had bought..."

Future with will "...will buy..."

Future with going to "...am / is / are going to buy..."

VOZ PASSIVA

Am / is / are + past participle "... am / is / are bought..."

Am / is / are + being + past participle "... am / is / are being bought..."

Was /were + past participle "...was / were bought..."

Was /were + being + past participle "...was / were being bought..."

Have/has + been + past participle "...have / has been bought..."

Had + been + past participle "...had been bought..."

Had + been + past participle "...had been bought..."

Am / is / are + going to be + past participle "...am / is / are going to be bought..."

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O USO DE "BY" Algumas vezes ? importante citar quem pratica a a??o, mesmo que esta mere?a mais destaque do que seu agente. Nessas ocasi?es, indicamos o agente com a preposi??o by.

Chandler won the surfing championship. The surfing championship was won by Chandler.

General Parsons is decorating my son. My son is being decorated by General Parsons.

Peter Laughler had played the leading role. The leading role had been played by Peter Laughler.

MORE ABOUT IT A forma passiva apresenta tamb?m algumas constru??es diferentes.

? Verbos com 2 objetos Someone gave a stereo to Jim . Passive 1 - Jim was given a stereo. Passive 2 - A stereo was given to Jim.

? Verbo + Preposi??o + Objeto We must write to him. He must be written to.

VARIA??ES POSS?VEIS Veja nas frases abaixo as transforma??es poss?veis para a voz passiva.

They gave an old postcard to James. James was given an old postcard. An old postcard was given to James.

We brought a nice cake to Sally. A nice cake was brought to Sally. Sally was brought a nice cake.

You must speak to the coach. The coach must be spoken to.

They can play with the dog. The dog can be played with.

She has sent a picture to Alex. Alex has been sent a picture. A picture has been sent to Alex.

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ATIVIDADES

NOME:_______________________________________________TURMA:___________

Os exerc?cios abaixo s?o quest?es de vestibular que tratam da voz passiva. Resolva-os e pe?a para o seu professor o gabarito.

1. (OBJ - SP) Assinale a alternativa que corresponde ? voz passiva de "The invention of the automobile has changed American life in many ways." a. American life is being changed in many ways. b. American life was being changed in many ways. c. American life is changed in many ways. d. American life has been changed in many ways. e. American life would be changed in many ways.

2. (STA. CASA - SP) The precise nature of Sam's illness ... only by his family. a. knows b. knew c. is known d. has known e. were known

3. (OBJ - SP) Choose the correct passive form for "They had eaten all the food before I arrived." a. All the food was eaten before I arrived. b. All the food had been eaten before I arrived. c. They had been eaten all the food before I arrived. d. All the food was eaten before I was arrived. e. All the food had been eaten before I was arrived.

4. (OBJ - SP) Choose the correct passive form for "She has spilt some ink on the carpet." a. Some ink was spilt on the carpet. b. Some ink was being spilt on the carpet. c. The carpet had been spilt milk by her. d. The carpet was spilt with milk. e. Some ink has been spilt on the carpet.

5. (FATEC - SP) After specifying the exact work ... done in the turbines, the engineers began the final phase of the project. a. had b. has c. have d. to be e. N.d.a.

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PASSIVE VOICE

6. (ABC - SP) A forma correta da voz ativa da frase "Many theorems can be written in four forms" ?: a. In four forms can write many theorems. b. One can write many theorems in four forms. c. Four forms can write by many theorems in four forms. d. We can written many theorems in four forms. e. They can to write many theorems in four forms.

7. A forma passiva de "James wrote six novels" ?: a. James has written six novels. b. Six novels has written James. c. James has been writing six novels. d. Six novels have been written by James.

8. A forma passiva de "They speak to Sally" ?: a. Sally is spoken to. b. They have been spoken to Sally. c. They spoke to Sally. d. Sally is spoken by them.

9. The only sentence that is not a passive is: a. I have seen the documents. b. Many countries have been attacked by terrorists. c. Iraq has attacked Iran. d. The professor can't be lied to.

10. Qual ? a ?nica alternativa que apresenta as duas formas passivas aceit?veis para "They wrote a letter to the girl"? a. The girl was written a letter.

A letter was written to the girl. b. The girl has written a letter.

A letter was written by the girl. c. The girl has been writing a letter.

A letter has been written by the girl. d. The girl was writing a letter.

A letter was being written to the girl.

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