High School Quizbowl Packet Archive

 NASAT 2017 - Round 14 - Tossups1. In one portrait by this artist, the title elderly person holds a sheet of paper that reads "Col Tempo" or "With Time" and points at her chest. A large banner of the Order of Malta is held by an armored Saint Nicasius and extends in front of the landscape in a Madonna and Child this artist painted for his hometown. This artist of Old Woman and the Castelfranco Madonna included a man with a long staff who looks to his right at a mother suckling a child in a stormy landscape. Along with a student, this Venetian created a painting now in Dresden in which a pastoral landscape can be seen behind a nude woman who rests her right arm on her head. For 10 points, name this artist of The Tempest whose Sleeping Venus greatly inspired Titian's Venus of Urbino.ANSWER: Giorgione [or Giorgio Barbarelli da Castelfranco] <Bentley>2. This man is not Spanish, but he was heavily attacked in the documentary Viva Zapatero! He dubbed the periodical The Economist "the Ecommunist" after being attacked with headlines like "The Man Who Screwed an Entire Country." This man's political party formed alliances with other parties in combinations called the Pole of Freedoms and the Pole of Good Governance. This man was temporarily convicted of having sex with an underage prostitute known as "Ruby the Heartstealer," which also exposed his so-called "bunga bunga" parties. In 1993, this controlling shareholder of the broadcasting group Mediaset formed the center-right political party known as FI. For 10 points, name this controversial media tycoon who served nine years total as Italy's Prime Minister.ANSWER: Silvio Berlusconi <Cheyne>3. The protagonist of this novel remembers how his school's headmaster used to be slapped regularly, which is now taboo. That protagonist becomes acquainted with his girlfriend when he falls seasick on a boat ride, after which they drink wine and go to a park with Mr. Macmillan. A recurring image in this novel describes a woman returning from the wash with a cut from a razorblade. Mr. Green spies on this novel's protagonist, who struggles to pay for his girlfriend's abortion. That girlfriend, Clara, is shunned for being an osu and causes a man to take his first bribe in this novel. For 10 points, name this novel that opens with the Umuofia Progressive Union trying Obi Okonkwo for bribery, Chinua Achebe's sequel to Things Fall Apart.ANSWER: No Longer at Ease <Mehr>4. A presidential candidate in this year did a series of advertisements featuring him informally talking to former baseball player Joe Garagiola. In this year, the Republican vice presidential candidate described the many lives lost in "Democratic wars." This year was the second in which a televised presidential debate took place. The winning candidate in this election controversially claimed to have "lusted in my heart" for women other than his wife in a Playboy interview. In this year, the losing candidate infamously proclaimed "there is no Soviet domination of Eastern Europe and there never will be." The VP debate in this election was between Bob Dole and Walter Mondale. For 10 points, name this year in which Jimmy Carter debated incumbent President Gerald Ford.ANSWER: 1976 [prompt on 76] <Bentley>5. Compounds containing two of this functional group in a 1,5-pattern can interconvert in a [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement. In the "conjugate addition" of soft nucleophiles, this functional group is added beta to a carbonyl group. The reaction of phosphonium ylides with ketones or aldehydes favors the production of the Z-stereoisomer of these compounds. Because they rapidly decolorize liquid bromine, bromine can be used to test for their presence. The thermodynamic stability of these compounds increases with substitution; thus, highly substituted ones are favored in eliminations according to Zaitsev's rule. For 10 points, name this functional group that consists of two sp2-carbon atoms linked together by a double bond.ANSWER: alkenes [prompt on double bond until read] <Pendyala>6. One member of this title group asserts that all militaries must be "the finest in the world" although navies are measured by tonnage. This group is first encountered when a man is convinced to rig his stone trough to be more like a boat by Samsok, who is in reality the Devil. This group is deeply divided over whether or not Eighty Thousand Trusses of Hay were stolen by Pyrot. A great military leader of this group is named Trinco. God consults St. Catherine of Alexandria and decides that because the monk Mael baptized this group, they should be turned into humans. This group waged perennial war against their rivals, the porpoises. For 10 points, name this group that appears in an Anatole France novel titled for their namesake island.ANSWER: the Penguins [accept Penguin Island] <Bentley>7. A subset of this set of numbers corresponds to the surreal numbers with birthdays earlier than omega; those surreal numbers are the dyadic type of this number. The p-adic metric is defined on this set of numbers. Every field of characteristic zero contains this set as a subfield. The indicator function of this set is sometimes known as the Dirichlet (dee-ree-KLAY) function. Snaking through a two-dimensional array of these numbers at an angle gives the diagonalization argument that Cantor used to show that this set is countable. This set can be constructed as equivalence classes of ordered pairs from the set of integers called its field of quotients. For 10 points, identify this set of numbers that can be expressed as integer fractions.ANSWER: rational numbers [or Q] <Thompson>8. Jeanne Chall, a notable researcher of this ability, names a test for gauging it along with Edgar Dale. It was the subject of a 1955 Rudolf Flesch book that helped spark a series of "wars" over this ability in the US. The dual-route hypothesis attempts to explain one form of this ability. In response to the "whole language" and "look-say" approaches made popular in the mid-20th century, Flesch wrote a book about why Johnny Can't perform this action, which inspired Dr. Seuss to create The Cat in the Hat. It's not sight, but this ability is often researched by tracking saccades (suh-CODS), and the most common method of teaching it emphasizes phonics. For 10 points, name this action that blind people accomplish using Braille.ANSWER: reading [or literacy] <Mehr>9. They're generally not in India, but one of these places contains a monument in honor of Justice Radha Binod Pal; that example of these places also contains a statue of a pigeon on a globe to honor deceased homing pigeons. People at these places often hang up small wooden plaques called ema (EH-mah) or "picture-horses." In 1871, the government established a hierarchal ranking of these locations, with 67 labeled in the "first rank"; those rankings were forcibly set aside in 1946. A person who maintains them is called a kannushi. One of these places at Ise (ee-SAY) is supposedly the home of the Sacred Mirror. These locations typically have a main hall called a honden and a gate called a torii. For 10 points, what are these places in Japan that house kami?ANSWER: Shinto shrines [or jinja; or Shinto temples; prompt on shrines; prompt on war memorials; prompt on honden until read] <Cheyne>10. This man's feud with Pierre Louis Maupertuis (moh-pair-TWEE), the president of an Academy of Science, resulted in an essay whose copies were all burned by Maupertuis's patron. After spending time in England, this man helped popularize the anecdote of an apple falling on Isaac Newton's head. This man moved to Geneva after breaking from a friend who he assisted in completing and distributing a refutation of The Prince. This man stayed as a guest in the newly-built palace of Sanssouci (sawn-soo-SEE), where he completed the proto-science fiction story Micromégas. This man was tasked as a spy during the War of the Austrian Succession, but came to exchange letters with Frederick the Great. For 10 points, name this French writer who satirized Leibniz's philosophy in Candide.ANSWER: Voltaire [or Fran?ois-Marie Arouet] <Shimizu>11. In a novella by this author, the narrator pretends to be a gardening enthusiast so that he can let a room at an absurdly high price from two old spinsters in a Venetian mansion. In that novella by this man, the narrator is a literary scholar who is desperate to obtain a set of letters written to Juliana Bordereau by the fictional American poet Jeffrey Aspern. This author also created the gold-digging loafer Morris Townsend, who woos the naive daughter of Dr. Sloper, a resident of the title New York neighborhood. He also created the brooding expatriate Gilbert Osmond, who marries the American heiress Isabel Archer. For 10 points, name this American novelist of Washington Square and The Portrait of a Lady.ANSWER: Henry James <Casalaspi>12. In December 2000, three people were killed at this location in an attempt by the group Lashkar-e-Taiba to sabotage peace talks. The first of the post-World War II INA trials of soldiers who fought for the Japanese was held at this location. An inscription in this structure reads "if Heaven can be on the face of the earth, it is this, it is this, it is this" and was written by the mystic Amir Khusrow. After the Battle of Karnal, invaders entered this structure and took such treasures as the Koh-i-Noor Diamond. On each Independence Day, the national flag has been raised at this structure's Lahore Gate. Nadir Shah took the Peacock Throne from this building in 1739. For 10 points, name this structure in Delhi, the residence of many Mughal emperors and named for its sandstone walls.ANSWER: Red Fort [prompt on Delhi] <Cheyne>13. A documentary about a sporting event in this city was edited to under half its original length because authorities hated how it focused too much on the athletes rather than the overall pomp. In a 1954 film set in this city, a woman breaks off her engagement to a colleague of her paleontologist father, instead wedding a ship captain. At the end of a movie set in this city, a woman smilingly asks "Isn't life disappointing?" An elderly couple visiting this city are only treated well by their daughter-in-law in that film titled for this city's Story. The Oxygen Destroyer kills a creature that wreaks havoc in this city after being resurrected by nuclear tests. For 10 points, name this Asian city, the main setting of the original Godzilla film.ANSWER: Tōkyō, Japan <Cheyne>14. Before Demeter made him eat himself, Erysichthon (AIR-ih-SICK-thon) profited off of his daughter Mestra's ability to do this at will. The Cretan Ecdysia festival commemorated Leto causing an instance of this to happen, which saved the life of a local named Leucippus. A more famous instance of this occurrence happened when a man beat a pair of snakes copulating by the road. The naiad (NYE-add) Salmacis caused this transformation through her pursuit of a boy near a fountain in Turkey. Ovid claims that Juno blinded a prophet who had undergone this process when she disliked his answer to the question of whether men or women enjoyed sex more. For 10 points, name this process most famously undergone by the prophet Teiresias, as well as a son of Hermes and Aphrodite, Hermaphroditus.ANSWER: sex changes [or changing sex or changing gender; accept specific instances of sex changing; accept shape-shifting in general and equivalents until "Leucippus" is read, but prompt thereafter] <Golfinos>15. A character in this play expresses her prejudice against dark-skinned men by declaring that if a potential suitor has "the complexion of a devil, I had rather he should shrive me than wive me." A song in this play wonders "Tell me where is fancy bred / Or in the heart, or in the head?" A character in this play is disappointed when he learns that his daughter traded a prized turquoise ring for a monkey. In its fourth act, a woman disguised as a judge delivers a speech beginning "The quality of mercy is not strain'd." In a monologue from this play, a character vows to get revenge after asking "if you prick us, do we not bleed?" For 10 points, name this Shakespeare play in which Shylock seeks to extract a pound of flesh from Antonio.ANSWER: The Merchant of Venice <Droge>16. This statement can be derived from Lagrange's identity when the time derivative of the scalar G function is equal to zero. This statement can show that insufficient binding energy restricts systems, such as stellar systems and atoms, to three or fewer dimensions. In 1933, an astrophysicist first used this theorem to predict the mass of the Coma cluster; realizing that a lot of it seemed to be missing, Fritz Zwicky then postulated the existence of dark matter. In general, this theorem states that negative one-half times the sum over all particles of the dot product between the particles’ position and the force on it equals the average kinetic energy of the system. For 10 points, name this theorem that relates the average kinetic energy of a system to its average potential energy.ANSWER: virial theorem <Overman>17. A company operating in the valley of the Kings River built a 62-mile structure to transport these things. The Mineral King Valley was annexed into a park named for these things after Walt Disney's proposal to build a ski resort there was rejected. The Generals' Highway connects the locations of the largest of these objects, which are named after Generals Grant and Sherman. One of these objects in Calaveras County with a tunnel carved through it was brought down in a January 2017 storm. These lifeforms were called "the King in his glory" by John Muir. Josiah Whitney theorized that these plants were named in honor of the compiler of the Cherokee syllabary. For 10 points, name these incredibly tall trees found in Californian forests.ANSWER: giant sequoias [or giant redwoods; or Sequoiadendron giganteum; prompt on trees or logs] <Shimizu>18. This philosopher disagreed with Kant's assessment that human beings are driven to ethical actions thanks to a categorical imperative due to its egoistic nature. This man stated that an action has moral value "only insofar as the action has sprung from compassion" in an essay that failed to win a competition for which it was the only entry. This philosopher of On the Basis of Morality identified "acting," "willing," "becoming" and "knowing" as the four subject-object relations that describe why every action has a reason or cause, On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason. Thomas Mann edited an abridged version of his most famous book, which was heavily influenced by the Upanishads. For 10 points name this notorious pessimist who penned The World as Will and Representation.ANSWER: Arthur Schopenhauer <Belal>19. The mickey mouse-shaped AP2 adaptor complex facilitates this process by recognizing acidic dileucine (dye-LOO-seen) motifs. Caveolin (kah-vee-OH-lin) oligomerization (uh-LIG-omer-ization) permits a form of this process that can be exploited by SV40. This process can be used to deliver drugs across the blood-brain barrier by conjugating them to transferrin. This process may be mediated by receptors clustered at clathrin-coated pits, which form structures that then bind to early endosomes. Types of this process include pinocytosis and phagocytosis. For 10 points, name this process in which extracellular molecules are brought into the cell in vesicles, in contrast to exocytosis.ANSWER: endocytosis [or transcytosis; accept pinocytosis or phagocytosis until they are read] <Smart>20. In his String Quartet No.?2 in A minor, this composer used his own song "Ist es wahr?" (IST us VARR) as a cyclic motif. The scherzo of Brahms's Piano Sonata No.?3 quotes this composer's Piano Trio No.?2 in C minor, whose own finale quotes "Old Hundredth." In Elgar's 13th Enigma Variation, *** (triple asterisk), a soft timpani roll plays while a clarinet quotes this composer's overture Calm Sea and Prosperous Voyage. This composer quoted "And he shall reign forever" from Messiah in the fast 8-part fugue of an E-flat major chamber piece written at 16. The finale of his Fifth Symphony opens with a flute quoting Luther's hymn "Ein feste Burg," while its first movement uses the "Dresden Amen." For 10 points, name this composer of a String Octet and the Reformation Symphony.ANSWER: Felix Mendelssohn <Lifshitz>21. This empire's leader hired Jean Pascal Sebah to produce fifty-one photographic albums covering its territory. The Treaty of Ouchy ended a war this empire lost, during which its forces were victimized by Giulio Gavotti dropping the first ever aerial bomb on them. Its leader was once portrayed in Punch magazine looking shocked that this empire had become a "limited company." During William Gladstone's "Midlothian campaign," he mostly focused on this empire's brutal suppression of the April Uprising. Known as the "sick man of Europe," it massacred numerous Bulgarians and Armenians under Sultan Abdul Hamid II. For 10 points, the Young Turk Revolution occurred in what empire?ANSWER: Ottoman Empire [prompt on Turkish Empire; prompt on Turkey] <Cheyne>NASAT 2017 - Round 14 - Bonuses1. Answer the following about the Russian administrative regions known as "republics" and the religions they follow, for 10 points each.[10] Like its neighbors Ingushetia and Dagestan, this Caucasian republic is majority Muslim. Its president Ramzan Kadyrov has often promoted the detainment and torture of homosexuals.ANSWER: Chechnya [or Chechen Republic][10] In contrast, a Temple of All Religions symbolizes the cooperation between Christians and Muslims in this capital of Tatarstan. Ivan the Terrible's siege of this non-Novgorod city was honored by the construction of St. Basil's Cathedral.ANSWER: Kazan[10] Burkhanism is a Tengrist offshoot practiced in this republic, which borders another Russian republic, Tuva, as well as Kazakhstan and Mongolia. This republic shares its name with a discredited language superfamily that included Turkic and Mongolic languages.ANSWER: Altai Republic [accept Altaic languages] <Thompson>2. Answer the following about the god Njord, for 10 points each.[10] Njord, a Vanir god of the sea, is married to the winter goddess Skadi. Skadi chose her husband in a ceremony in which she was only allowed to see this body part of her prospective spouses.ANSWER: feet [or foot][10] Njord is considered to be an early king of Sweden in this Old Norse saga by Snorri Sturluson that chronicles the histories of ancient Norse kings. Its title refers to a phrase translated as "the circle of the world."ANSWER: Heimskringla[10] According to the Poetic Edda, Njord will survive this event in which many of the Norse gods, such as Odin, will die.ANSWER: Ragnarok [prompt on Gotterdammerung; prompt on twilight of the gods] <Cheyne>3. Identify the following about computable numbers, for 10 points each.[10] Every computable number can be output by one of these idealized computers, whose termination was the subject of the halting problem.ANSWER: Turing machines[10] Because each computable number corresponds to a process run on a Turing machine, the set of computable numbers has this property of being in a one-to-one correspondence with the natural numbers. As a result, not all real numbers are computable, since the set of real numbers, unlike the rational numbers, does not have this property.ANSWER: countable [or countability; or countably infinite][10] Specker (SHPEK-uh) sequences demonstrate that the set of computable numbers lacks this property of the real numbers. This property guarantees that any non-empty set of real numbers that is bounded from above has a supremum (soo-PREE-mum).ANSWER: completeness [or the least upper bound property] <Thompson>4. This essay claims that there are 115 of the title concepts, and a certain author has broken 114 of them. For 10 points each:[10] Name this Mark Twain essay that takes the author of the Leatherstocking Tales to task for breaking such rules as "The tale shall accomplish something and arrive somewhere."ANSWER: "Fenimore Cooper's Literary Offenses"[10] This Twain book has itself been criticized, especially for its ending in which the title youth and Tom Sawyer connive a ridiculous plan to free the slave Jim.ANSWER: Adventures of Huckleberry Finn [or Huck Finn][10] In an appendix to A Tramp Abroad, Twain expresses his frustration with the inflections and linguistic genders of this "awful" European language, noting that "turnip" is gendered while "girl" is not.ANSWER: German [or Deutsch; accept "The Awful German Language"] <Mehr>5. This woman was the focus of the documentary A Ballerina's Tale. For 10 points each:[10] Name this contemporary star ballerina, the first African-American woman to be the principal dancer for the American Ballet Theatre.ANSWER: Misty Copeland[10] Copeland has played such parts as the female lead in this 1942 ballet choreographed by Agnes de Mille, which contains such sections as "Buckaroo Holiday" and "Saturday Night Waltz." Its music was composed by Aaron Copland.ANSWER: Rodeo[10] Copeland also appeared in Baker's Dozen, a ballet choreographed by this woman. In 1973, she choreographed Deuce Coupe to the music of the Beach Boys, creating the first crossover ballet.ANSWER: Twyla Tharp <Cheyne>6. One of this author's last books was the pessimistic Dark Age Ahead from 2004. For 10 points each:[10] Name this author and activist best known for condemning 1950s urban planning and urban renewal projects in the 1961 book The Death and Life of Great American Cities.ANSWER: Jane Jacobs [or Jane Butzner][10] Jacobs was a longtime opponent of Robert Moses, an urban planner in this city. She claimed that Greenwich Village here was an example of an ideal urban community.ANSWER: New York City [or NYC; prompt on Manhattan][10] A famous section of The Death and Life of Great American Cities emphasizes the importance of these things for the safety of the city, spending time poetically analyzing the "ballet" that can be found within these things.ANSWER: sidewalks [prompt on streets or synonyms] <Cheyne>7. This character is obsessed with vengeance against his betrayer, Archbishop Ruggieri. For 10 points each:[10] Name this character who describes his experience being locked in a tower. He grimly notes that at one point "the hunger had more power than even sorrow over me."ANSWER: Ugolino della Gherardesca[10] Ugolino's pathetic story of apparently eating his children's bodies appears while he is residing in Hell in this epic poem by Dante.ANSWER: The Divine Comedy [or Divina Commedia; prompt on Inferno][10] Dante's guide through Hell is Virgil, who resides in this particular location in Hell alongside such folks as other ancient poets like Homer and Horace.ANSWER: the First Circle of Hell [or Limbo; do not accept "Purgatory" or "Purgatorio"] <Cheyne>8. A trumpet plays a duplet-plus-triplet rhythm early in this man's "Symphony of Pauses," which precedes his Third Symphony, whose dedicatee called this composer "the trumpet." For 10 points each:[10] Name this Austrian composer who suggested substituting his Te Deum (tay DAY-um) for the final movement of his Ninth Symphony, which was never completed because he spent so much time revising his earlier works.ANSWER: Josef Anton Bruckner (BROOK-ner) [10] Bruckner dedicated his Third Symphony to this man, his musical idol. Early versions of that symphony extensively quoted from this man's operas, such as Tannh?user (TAHN-hoy-zuh) and Die Walküre (dee vall-CUE-ruh).ANSWER: Richard Wagner[10] Another follower of Wagner was this Slovene-Austrian composer who wrote collections of lieder that set the poems of Goethe (GURR-tuh) and Eduard M?rike (MURR-ee-kuh).ANSWER: Hugo Wolf (vulf) <White>9. For a quantum process, this quantity equals the magnitude squared of the scattering amplitude. For 10 points each:[10] Name this quantity, which for a classical process is proportional to the derivative of the impact parameter with respect to the scattering angle. It is usually measured in units of barns per steradian.ANSWER: differential cross-section [prompt on cross-section; do not accept or prompt on "total cross-section"][10] The differential cross-section for this type of scattering process is proportional to the fourth power of the cosecant of the scattering angle. The namesake of this type of scattering proved the existence of the atomic nucleus by shooting alpha particles at gold foil.ANSWER: Rutherford scattering[10] The total cross-section for a quantum process can be determined using this theorem. It states that the total cross-section is equal to four pi divided by the wavenumber times the imaginary part of the scattering amplitude at an angle of zero.ANSWER: optical theorem <Rombro>10. This historian was executed by the Gestapo for his work in the French Resistance. For 10 points each:[10] Name this co-founder of the Annales School of history with Lucien Febvre. He is noted for his posthumous text The Historian's Craft and for various books on French rural society.ANSWER: Marc Bloch[10] Bloch wrote extensively on this type of society in which, broadly speaking, vassals held land from lords in exchange for service or labor.ANSWER: feudalism[10] Vassals swore this type of oath to pledge allegiance to their lord. This type of oath followed the act of homage, which was usually demonstrated by kneeling.ANSWER: oath of fealty [or fidelitas] <Cheyne>11. Answer some questions about ring-like compounds, for 10 points each:[10] August Kekulé proposed the structure of this cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with formula C6H6 after having a dream about the ouroboros.ANSWER: benzene[10] Annulenes like cyclobutadiene exhibit this property, which gives them extremely high reactivity. Molecules with this property have 4n pi electrons and exhibit paramagnetic ring currents in NMR spectroscopy.ANSWER: antiaromaticity[10] The "capping" method can be used to make these synthetic compounds, which consist of a macrocycle encircling an axle-shaped molecule and have the potential to function as molecular switches.ANSWER: rotaxanes <Manners>12. Animals often play a crucial role in the cases of Sherlock Holmes. For 10 points each:[10] The title of this Arthur Conan Doyle novel refers to a dog that Stapleton douses in phosphorus to give the animal a hellish appearance and torment his neighbor's family.ANSWER: The Hound of the Baskervilles[10] In "The Adventure of the Speckled Band," Dr. Roylott plots to use this type of animal to murder both of his stepdaughters, but Holmes scares this animal into attacking Dr. Roylott instead.ANSWER: snake [or swamp adder][10] This author took the title of his detective novel narrated by Christopher Boone, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, from the Conan Doyle story "The Adventure of Silver Blaze."ANSWER: Mark Haddon <Droge>13. William Pitt claimed there was no need to censor this man's works, since they were too expensive for the average person to buy. For 10 points each:[10] Name this Englishman and husband of a philosopher. He was one of the first advocates of anarchism in his 1793 text Enquiry concerning Political Justice, and Thomas Malthus's An Essay on the Principle of Population attacks this man's views.ANSWER: William Godwin[10] Godwin's wife was this feminist author of A Vindication of the Rights of Women.ANSWER: Mary Wollstonecraft[10] Both Godwin and Edmund Burke wrote in the shadow of this event. Burke's reflections on this political event across the English Channel denounced its disorder.ANSWER: French Revolution [accept equivalents] <Cheyne>14. The first part of this book describes the fall of the Watchers. For 10 points each:[10] Name this non-canonical Biblical book that is apparently briefly quoted in the New Testament's Book of Jude. It describes the fall of angels and claims to have been written before the Great Flood.ANSWER: Book of Enoch [or First Enoch][10] Enoch, according to the book of Genesis, was the great-grandfather of this man, who built the ark to survive the Great Flood.ANSWER: Noah[10] The Book of Enoch was not included in this Latin translation of the Bible that was largely the work of Saint Jerome. During the Council of Trent, it was named the official Latin Bible.ANSWER: Vulgate <Cheyne>15. This person once donned a baglady costume to sing the song "Second-Hand Clothes." For 10 points each:[10] Name this woman who infamously consulted a personal astrologer named Joan Quigley. The joke "Honey, I forgot to duck" was said to this woman by her husband after he was shot and wounded.ANSWER: Nancy Reagan [or Nancy Davis; or Anne Francis Robbins][10] As First Lady, Nancy Reagan coined an anti-drug slogan, urging children to "just say" what word to drug dealers? Critics argued that the phrase was too simplistic.ANSWER: "no"[10] This Chief of Staff for Reagan reportedly quarreled with the First Lady and embarrassingly revealed her use of an astrologer in his 1988 memoir. Before becoming Chief of Staff, he was Reagan's first Secretary of the Treasury.ANSWER: Donald "Don" Regan <Cheyne>16. Identify the following about some techniques used by artists to make prints, for 10 points each.[10] This technique of placing closely spaced parallel lines together is used by artists to add contrast to a print and to distinguish one color from another. The "cross" form of this technique is often used to indicate darker colors in a print.ANSWER: hatching[10] This printmaking technique was the first one to allow artists to create halftones without resorting to hatching. In this type of intaglio (in-TAL-yo) print, rougher surfaces keep more ink. It was improved upon in the later process of aquatint.ANSWER: mezzotint (MET-so-tint)[10] This Spanish artist used aquatint in his series Los Caprichos, including The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters.ANSWER: Francisco Goya [or Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes] <Bentley>17. This play takes its title from a Norwegian folk song and was described by its author as a reaction to Clarence Thomas's Supreme Court confirmation hearings. For 10 points each:[10] Name this play that ends when John, a professor, breaks down and violently assaults his student, Carol, with a chair. The plot involves Carol accusing John of sexual harassment.ANSWER: Oleanna[10] This playwright of Oleanna wrote a drama about a real estate salesman who steals a client list in Glengarry Glen Ross.ANSWER: David Mamet[10] The first act of Glengarry Glen Ross is set in one of these locations, which the real estate salesmen frequent. Ricky Roma refers to one of these places using a racial slur near the end of the play.ANSWER: Chinese restaurant [prompt on restaurant] <Droge>18. Answer some questions about population dynamics, for 10 points each:[10] These differential equations are used to describe interactions between predator and prey species.ANSWER: Lotka–Volterra equations[10] These two animals form a unique single-predator, single-prey relationship due to their isolation on Isle Royale.ANSWER: wolves AND moose[10] When one species is allowed to reproduce without limitation, it experiences this kind of growth, in which the rate of increase of the population is proportional to the size of the population. It is contrasted with linear and logarithmic growth.ANSWER: exponential growth <Thompson>19. This man was the first ever Republican candidate for Governor of Pennsylvania. For 10 points each:[10] Name this Pennsylvania congressman who is best known for naming a proposed law that would have banned slavery in territory the US acquired in 1848.ANSWER: David Wilmot[10] The Wilmot Proviso applied to land acquired after an 1840s war that the US fought with this country.ANSWER: Mexico [or United Mexican States][10] Wilmot later succeeded this man as Senator from Pennsylvania. This first Secretary of War for Abraham Lincoln was notoriously corrupt and was described as someone who "would steal a red-hot stove."ANSWER: Simon Cameron <Cheyne>20. This man smoked 200 cigarettes a day at one point in his life. For 10 points each:[10] Name this man who went from being Prime Minister and President of his country to king in 1928. He was overthrown after a 1930s invasion that placed his country technically under the throne of Victor Emmanuel III.ANSWER: King Zog I [or Ahmet Muhtar Zogolli; or Zogu; or Skanderbeg III][10] Zog was the king of this European country located across the Strait of Otranto from Italy.ANSWER: Albania [or Albanian Kingdom; or Republic of Albania][10] From 1944 to 1985, Albania was led by this Communist dictator, who set up 750,000 one-man bunkers across the country to serve as gun emplacements.ANSWER: Enver Hoxha <Cheyne>21. Answer some questions about different kinds of lines in mathematics for 10 points each.[10] A famous open problem asks how many points can be placed on an n-by-n grid without this many appearing on any line. The answer is at most 2n, since otherwise the pigeonhole principle guarantees at least this many points in some row. A collection of points without this many on any line is said to be in general position.ANSWER: three [or 3][10] The Euler line, which is defined for any non-equilateral triangle, passes through the center of this circle. This circle, which is sometimes named for Feuerbach, passes through the midpoints of the triangle's sides, along with other notable points.ANSWER: nine-point circle[10] In projective space, two lines are parallel if their intersection lies on this line.ANSWER: line at infinity [or ideal line] <Thompson> ................
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