Biodiversity Study Guide 1. Define biodiversity. 2. Define ...

Biodiversity Study Guide

1. Define biodiversity.

Variety of organisms in an ecosystem, includes all living species in that area.

2. Define succession. Name two types of succession.

The spreading of living things on a non-living surface. Primary succession and

Secondary Succession.

3. The first species to populate an area are called pioneer species. Name two

examples of a pioneer species.

Mosses and Lichens

4. Write down the steps for:

Primary succession.

Secondary Succession.

1. Bare Rock

1. Disastrous Event

2. Moses & Lichens

2. Soil is already present

3. Grass

3. Grass

4. Flowering plants

4. Flowering plants

5. Shrubs and Bushes

5. Shrubs and Bushes

6. Trees

6. Trees

5. How does primary succession differ from secondary succession?

Primary starts with barren (new) ground that grows into a balanced ecosystem.

Secondary starts with an event that destroys the original ecosystem, leaving only

soil behind.

6. Define Climax Community.

When an ecosystem has returned to a balanced, stable, functioning habitat.

7. Define Short-Term Environmental Impact.

Occurs quickly. Lasting less than 5 years. Effects organism immediately. No need

for adaptations

8. Give three examples of Short-Term Environmental Impact.

Flood, Blizzard, Avalanche

9. Define Long-Term Environmental Impact.

Occurs slowly over time. Lasting more than 5 years. Effects generations of

organisms. Can cause adaptations (mutations)

10. Give three examples of Long-Term Environmental Impact.

Climate Change, Deforestation, Urbanization

11. The most effective way to preserve biodiversity is through

A. Captive breeding

C. Habitat destruction

B. Habitat preservation

D. Habitat fragmentation

12. How do natural and human activities change ecosystems?

By making the environment unstable and unsustainable to the living organisms.

13. Define resources.

Anything in the environment that you need to live.

14. What is deforestation?

Cutting down the trees and plants in a large area

15. What is urbanization?

the process of the formation and growth of cities in an area

16. Name two ways that humans impact the environment positively.

Planting trees. Using ecofriendly products.

17. Name two ways that humans impact the environment negatively.

Deforestation. Urbanization. Pollution

18. A species that has disappeared from Earth is

A. Threatened

C. extinct

B. Endangered

D. diverse

19. How would removing producers from the energy pyramid affect the

ecosystem? Removing any part of the pyramid will cause it to become unstable

and the ecosystem will collapse.

20. Suppose people start to overfish an area. How will this affect the

ecosystem? By overfishing, the food source (fish) becomes too few to support the

animals that use them for food. This will cause the ecosystem to become unstable

and collapse.

21. Define invasive species.

Non-native (alien) in that ecosystem that causes harm to the ecosystem and

organisms

22. Define native species.

A species that normally lives and thrives in an ecosystem.

23. Name four invasive species found in Tennessee.

Zebra Mussel, Fire Ant, Kudzu Vine, Stink Bug

24. What are some of the negative impacts of zebra mussels found in

Tennessee? Damage harbors and boats. Take resources from native species.

25. How has modern transportation spread some foreign organisms?

Organisms are carried to a new ecosystem by accident and on purpose from their

native ecosystem.

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