Chapter 14: The Bureaucracy—AP US Government and Politics
The Budget and the Federal Bureaucracy
AP US Government and Politics
Big Picture Questions/Outline
1. How is the Federal Government’s budget created?
2. What Congressional agencies are involved in the budget process?
3. The bureaucracy is sometimes referred to as the “fourth branch” of the federal government. Why? What do bureaucrats do?
4. Where and how is the bureaucracy referred to in the Constitution? How has the bureaucracy changed since then?
5. How do the three branches of government check the power of the bureaucracy?
a. Congressional control
i. Federal oversight
ii. Budget/appropriations
b. Executive control
c. Judicial control
6. How does discretionary authority used by federal bureaucrats check the power of all three branches?
7. What is the scope of the federal bureaucracy today?—2.7 million federal employees
d. Civil service employees (90%)
e. Non-civil service (10%)
i. Presidential appointees such as Under-Secretaries—require Senate confirmation (3500)
ii. Independent regulatory commissioners—require Senate confirmation but the President cannot fire them (100)
8. Why is there a high rate of turnover in many high-level federal government positions?
f. Privatization
g. baby boomers retiring
9. How is the bureaucracy organized?
h. Cabinet Departments
i. Independent Executive Agencies
j. Independent Regulatory Commissions
k. Government Corporations
10. What is an iron triangle? Why do many political scientists now use the term issue network instead? How is a policy network broader than an issue network?
over…
Words to Know/Vocabulary List—Unit 4.3: The Bureaucracy
Chapter 14
Budget
Deficit
Expenditure
Revenue
Income Tax
Federal Debt
Entitlement Program
Social Security
Medicare
House Ways and Means Committee
Senate Finance Committee
Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
Appropriations
Chapter 15
Administrative discretion
civil service system
executive departments
executive order
federal bureaucracy
Government corporations
Hatch Act
Implementation
Independent executive agencies
Independent regulatory commissions
Iron triangles
Regulation
Rule making (as a quasi-legislative process)
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