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MEDICAL JOURNALS – APRIL 2021

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Annals of Internal Medicine Vol. 174 No. 2 February 2021

Mehrotra DV, Janes HE, Fleming TR, et al.

Clinical Endpoints for Evaluating Efficacy in COVID-19 Vaccine Trials.

pp221-228. doi:10.7326/M20-6169. PMID: 33090877; PMCID: PMC7596738.

Wilt TJ, Kaka AS, MacDonald R, et al.

Remdesivir for Adults With COVID-19 : A Living Systematic Review for American College of Physicians Practice Points.

pp209-220. doi:10.7326/M20-5752. PMID: 33017170; PMCID: PMC7564604.

Dal-Ré R, Caplan AL, Gluud C, et al.

Ethical and Scientific Considerations Regarding the Early Approval and Deployment of a COVID-19 Vaccine.

pp258-260. doi:10.7326/M20-7357. PMID: 33216636; PMCID: PMC7713906.

Pottel H, Björk J, Courbebaisse M, et al.

Development and Validation of a Modified Full Age Spectrum Creatinine-Based Equation to Estimate

Glomerular Filtration Rate : A Cross-sectional Analysis of Pooled Data.

pp183-191. doi:10.7326/M20-4366. PMID: 33166224.

Appel LJ, Michos ED, Mitchell CM, et al.

The Effects of Four Doses of Vitamin D Supplements on Falls in Older Adults : A Response-Adaptive, Randomized Clinical Trial.

pp145-156. doi:10.7326/M20-3812. PMID: 33284677.

Sitammagari K, Murphy S, Kowalkowski M, et al.

Insights From Rapid Deployment of a "Virtual Hospital" as Standard Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

pp192-199. doi:10.7326/M20-4076. PMID: 33175567; PMCID: PMC7711652.

Laine C, Cotton D, Moyer DV.

COVID-19 Vaccine: Promoting Vaccine Acceptance.

pp252-253. doi:10.7326/M20-8008. PMID: 33347321; PMCID: PMC7901662.

Aghayan DL, Kazaryan AM, Dagenborg VJ, et al.

Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes After Laparoscopic Versus Open Resection for Colorectal Liver Metastases : A Randomized Trial.

pp175-182. doi:10.7326/M20-4011. PMID: 33197213.

Qaseem A, Yost J, Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta I, et al.

Should Remdesivir Be Used for the Treatment of Patients With COVID-19? Rapid, Living Practice Points From the American College of Physicians (Version 1).

pp229-236. doi:10.7326/M20-5831. PMID: 33017175; PMCID: PMC7556654.

Hicks CW, Wang D, Matsushita K, et al.

Peripheral Neuropathy and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in U.S. Adults : A Prospective Cohort

Study.

pp167-174. doi:10.7326/M20-1340. PMID: 33284680.

Montminy EM, Zhou M, Maniscalco L, et al.

Contributions of Adenocarcinoma and Carcinoid Tumors to Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rates in the United States.

pp157-166. doi:10.7326/M20-0068. PMID: 33315473.

Chia ML, Him Chau DH, Lim KS, et al.

Managing COVID-19 in a Novel, Rapidly Deployable Community Isolation Quarantine Facility.

pp247-251. doi:10.7326/M20-4746. PMID: 32941059; PMCID: PMC7505018.

Lynch HF, Bateman-House A, Joffe S.

Emergency Approvals for COVID-19: Evolving Impact on Obligations to Patients in Clinical Care and Research.

pp256-257. doi:10.7326/M20-6703. PMID: 33136427; PMCID: PMC7643168.

Bruch J, Zeltzer D, Song Z.

Characteristics of Private Equity-Owned Hospitals in 2018.

pp277-279. doi:10.7326/M20-1361. PMID: 32986485.

Navathe AS, Liao JM, Linn KA, et al.

Spillover Effects of Medicare's Voluntary Bundled Payments for Joint Replacement Surgery to Patients Insured by Commercial Health Plans.

pp200-208. doi:10.7326/M19-3792. PMID: 33347769.

Summary for Patients: Laparoscopic Versus Open Surgery for Colorectal Liver Metastases.

I14. doi:10.7326/P20-0012. PMID: 33197215.

Johnson SF, Ojo A, Warraich HJ.

Academic Health Centers' Antiracism Strategies Must Extend to Their Business Practices.

pp254-255. doi:10.7326/M20-6203. PMID: 33284681.

Betz ME, Miller M, Matlock DD, et al.

Older Firearm Owners and Advance Planning: Results of a National Survey.

pp279-282. doi:10.7326/M20-2280. PMID: 33017563.

Chou R, Dana T, Jungbauer R, et al.

Update Alert 4: Masks for Prevention of Respiratory Virus Infections, Including SARS-CoV-2, in Health Care and Community Settings.

W24. doi:10.7326/L20-1429. PMID: 33370171; PMCID: PMC7774035.

Gardner TB.

Acute Pancreatitis.

ITC17-ITC32. doi:10.7326/AITC202102160. PMID: 33556276.

Levey AS, Tighiouart H, Inker LA.

Improving Glomerular Filtration Rate Estimation-Across the Age and Diversity Spectrum.

pp265-267. doi:10.7326/M20-6983. PMID: 33166223.

Cavalli G, De Luca G, Doglioni C, et al.

A Novel Histiocytosis With Synovial and Skin Involvement.

pp273-274. doi:10.7326/L20-0092. PMID: 32894693.

Mayo-Smith MF.

Primary Care Panel Size: How You Measure Makes a Difference.

pp276-277. doi:10.7326/M20-3091. PMID: 32956607.

Troen BR.

Falls: To D or Not to D-That Is Not the (Only) Question!

pp261-262. doi:10.7326/M20-7609. PMID: 33284678.

Bretthauer M, Kalager M, Weinberg DS.

Colorectal Cancer Screening in Young Adults: About Carcinoid Tumors and Cancer.

pp263-264. doi:10.7326/M20-7244. PMID: 33315472.

Yoshida K, Sakamoto N, Kurosaka D.

Improvement in Polymyalgia Rheumatica Associated With Improved Control of Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Series.

pp274-276. doi:10.7326/L20-0196. PMID: 32926797.

Mackey K, Kansagara D, Vela K.

Update Alert 7: Risks and Impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers on SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Adults.

W25-W29. doi:10.7326/L20-1446. PMID: 33395346; PMCID: PMC7791405.

Atkins D.

Put Your Own Oxygen Mask On First.

p271. doi:10.7326/M20-6349. PMID: 33587866.

Thomas AK.

Web Exclusive. Annals Graphic Medicine - A Series of Unfortunate Events.

W22-W23. doi:10.7326/G20-0009. PMID: 33556266.

Smetana GW, Tetrault JM, Hill KP, et al.

Should You Recommend Cannabinoids for This Patient With Painful Neuropathy? : Grand Rounds Discussion

From Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.

pp237-246. doi:10.7326/M20-7945. PMID: 33556279.

Farris GE.

Web Exclusive. Annals Graphic Medicine - Dr. Mom: The Emotions of Getting the COVID-19 Vaccine.

W20-W21. doi:10.7326/G20-0119. PMID: 33493010.

Centor RM, Manning KD.

Web Exclusive. Annals On Call - Vaccine Hesitancy: Choosing Our Battles.

OC1. doi:10.7326/A20-0006. PMID: 33460346.

Halperin DT.

Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

p283. doi:10.7326/L20-1282. PMID: 33587876.

Oran DP, Topol EJ.

Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

pp286-287. doi:10.7326/L20-1285. PMID: 33587872.

Elder C.

Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

pp285-286. doi:10.7326/L20-1279. PMID: 33587880.

Han D, Li J.

Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

p284. doi:10.7326/L20-1281. PMID: 33587877.

Akilli NB, Koylu R.

Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

p286. doi:10.7326/L20-1280. PMID: 33587878.

Cevik M, Bogoch II, Carson G, et al.

Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

pp283-284. doi:10.7326/L20-1283. PMID: 33587875.

Cohen AN, Kessel B.

Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

pp284-285. doi:10.7326/L20-1284. PMID: 33587873.

Moreno R.

After TAVI, aspirin vs. aspirin + clopidogrel for 3 mo reduced bleeding and a composite of bleeding and thrombotic events at 1 y.

JC21. doi:10.7326/ACPJ202102160-021. PMID: 33524286.

Zenlea T.

The Last Chapter.

p272. doi:10.7326/M20-3209. PMID: 33587871.

Sassa MH, Harada KH.

Serodiagnostics for SARS-CoV-2.

p287. doi:10.7326/L20-1395. PMID: 33587883.

Dimopoulos C.

Calling a Code.

pp268-269. doi:10.7326/M20-4617. PMID: 33587869.

Papenburg J, Yansouni CP, Caya C, et al.

Serodiagnostics for SARS-CoV-2.

pp287-288. doi:10.7326/L20-1396. PMID: 33587882.

Cifu AS.

The Ghost-Patient Panel.

p270. doi:10.7326/M20-4618. PMID: 33587870.

Manzella A.

I Went to the Creek.

p269. doi:10.7326/M19-3537. PMID: 33587865.

Laine C.

Annals for Educators - February 2021.

ED2. doi:10.7326/AWED202102160. PMID: 33587879.

Wesorick DH, Chopra V.

Annals for Hospitalists - February 2021.

HO2. doi:10.7326/AWHO202102160. PMID: 33587867.

Fekete T.

Fluoroquinolones vs. amoxicillin-clavulanate or ampicillin-sulbactam were not linked to aortic aneurysm or dissection.

JC22. doi:10.7326/ACPJ202102160-022. PMID: 33524287.

Chagla Z.

The BNT162b2 (BioNTech/Pfizer) vaccine had 95% efficacy against COVID-19 ≥7 days after the 2nd dose. JC15. doi:10.7326/ACPJ202102160-015. PMID: 33524290.

Dunne C, Lang E.

In adults hospitalized with COVID-19, the quick COVID-19 Severity Index predicted 24-h respiratory decompensation.

JC23. doi:10.7326/ACPJ202102160-023. PMID: 33524288.

Centor RM, Eaton E, Lee R.

Web Exclusive. Annals On Call - Trends in Endocarditis Associated With Injection of Illicit Drugs.

OC1. doi:10.7326/A20-0007. PMID: 33587868.

Cakir B.

Addressing Patient Bias Toward Health Care Workers.

p288. doi:10.7326/L20-1397. PMID: 33587881.

Merli GJ, Weitz HH.

Web Exclusive. Annals Consult Guys – Perioperative Management of Patients Receiving Glucocorticoids.

CG1. doi:10.7326/W20-0018. PMID: 33587874.

Zhang R, Mylonakis E.

In inpatients with COVID-19, none of remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, or interferon β-1a differed from standard care for in-hospital mortality.

JC17. doi:10.7326/ACPJ202102160-017. PMID: 33524282.

Molony DA, LeMaistre FI.

In CKD, dapagliflozin reduced a composite of eGFR decline, end-stage kidney disease, or CV or renal mortality.

JC20. doi:10.7326/ACPJ202102160-020. PMID: 33524285.

Dugar SP, Vallabhajosyula S.

IDSA made 4 strong recommendations for preventing COVID-19 infection in health care personnel.

JC14. doi:10.7326/ACPJ202102160-014. PMID: 33524289.

Lo B.

A multidisciplinary ED-based fall prevention intervention reduced subsequent ED visits in older adults.

JC19. doi:10.7326/ACPJ202102160-019. PMID: 33524284.

Thiruganasambandamoorthy V, Sivilotti MLA.

Web Exclusive. Annals for Hospitalists Inpatient Notes - Identifying High-Risk Patients With Syncope-What Hospitalists Need to Know.

HO2-HO3. doi:10.7326/M20-8081. PMID: 33587884.

Sharif S, Rochwerg B.

Tocilizumab did not reduce hypoxemic respiratory failure or death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

JC16. doi:10.7326/ACPJ202102160-016. PMID: 33524280.

Batur P.

In women aged 40 to 48 y, annual mammography vs. usual care reduced breast cancer mortality at 10 but not

23 y.

JC18. doi:10.7326/ACPJ202102160-018. PMID: 33524283.

CMAJ Canadian Medical Assoc Journal Vol. 193 No. 10 March 8 2021

Liu L, Capaldi CA, Orpana HM, et al.

Changes over time in means of suicide in Canada: an analysis of mortality data from 1981 to 2018.

E331-E338. doi:10.1503/cmaj.202378. PMID: 33685950.

Ashe GP.

A unique milestone.

E345-E346. doi:10.1503/cmaj.202569. PMID: 33685956.

Duong D.

New national consortium to tackle anti-Indigenous racism in medical education.

E347. doi:10.1503/cmaj.1095925. PMID: 33685957.

Sun D, Phua CW.

Mild bleeding disorders in adults.

E339. doi:10.1503/cmaj.201182. PMID: 33685951.

Yamamoto T, Yamashita K, Hagiwara H.

Infected atrial myxoma presenting with purpura.

E340. doi:10.1503/cmaj.201351. PMID: 33685952.

Gorfinkel I.

Using bar codes to create a robust national vaccine registry.

E344. doi:10.1503/cmaj.76626. PMID: 33685955.

Armstrong MJ.

Canada's provinces and territories should disclose cannabis data to support research.

E341-E342. doi:10.1503/cmaj.202041. PMID: 33685953.

Tran C, Kadour M, Cecchini MJ, et al.

Using pathology data to evaluate surgical backlogs: considerations for resource planning.

E343. doi:10.1503/cmaj.77883. PMID: 33685954.

CMAJ Canadian Medical Assoc Journal Vol. 193 No. 9 March 1 2021

Yeung S.

Epilogue.

E316-E317. doi:10.1503/cmaj.202360. PMID: 33649173.

Little DHW, Sutradhar R, Cerasuolo JO, et al.

Rates of rebleeding, thrombosis and mortality associated with resumption of anticoagulant therapy after anticoagulant-related bleeding.

E304-E309. doi:10.1503/cmaj.201433. PMID: 33649169.

Murray T.

Unpacking "long COVID".

E318-E319. doi:10.1503/cmaj.1095923. PMID: 33649174.

Kumachev A, Wu PE.

Drug-induced liver injury.

E310. doi:10.1503/cmaj.202026. PMID: 33649170.

Einsiedler S, Hödl G, Topakian R.

Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis with complicating thromboangiitis obliterans.

E311. doi:10.1503/cmaj.201166. PMID: 33649171.

Zipursky JS, Greenberg RA, Maxwell C, et al.

Pregnancy, breastfeeding and the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine: an ethics-based framework for shared decision-making.

E312-E314. doi:10.1503/cmaj.202833. PMID: 33504561.

Hanney SR.

Building research infrastructure across a health service.

E315. doi:10.1503/cmaj.77958. PMID: 33649172.

CMAJ Canadian Medical Assoc Journal Vol. 193 No. 8 February 22 2021

Steffler M, Li Y, Weir S, et al.

Trends in prevalence of chronic disease and multimorbidity in Ontario, Canada.

E270-E277. doi:10.1503/cmaj.201473. PMID: 33619067.

Pishdad R, Sullivan S, Mohammadi O.

Prostatic abscess.

E290. doi:10.1503/cmaj.200470. PMID: 33619070.

Taji L, Thomas D, Oliver MJ, et al.

COVID-19 in patients undergoing long-term dialysis in Ontario.

E278-E284. doi:10.1503/cmaj.202601. PMID: 33542093.

El-Hadad C, Deschênes J, Arthurs B.

Orbital floor fracture.

E289. doi:10.1503/cmaj.200657. PMID: 33619069.

Costello FE, Duggan K, Lang E, et al.

A safe return to sport and the right to play during COVID-19.

E291. doi:10.1503/cmaj.78105. PMID: 33619071.

Murray T.

Canada's long road to a vaccine injury compensation program.

E294-E295. doi:10.1503/cmaj.1095922. PMID: 33619073.

Eckbo EJ, Charles M, Wolber R, et al.

Relapsing fever in a traveller returning from Senegal.

E285-E288. doi:10.1503/cmaj.201644. PMID: 33619068.

Basky G.

Health advocates want help handling online harassment.

E292-E293. doi:10.1503/cmaj.1095921. PMID: 33619072.

CMAJ Canadian Medical Assoc Journal Vol. 193 No. 7 February 16 2021

Dason ES, Chan C, Sobel M.

Diagnosis and treatment of adenomyosis.

E242. doi:10.1503/cmaj.201607. PMID: 33593948.

Contandriopoulos D, Law MR.

Policy changes and physicians opting out from Medicare in Quebec: an interrupted time-series analysis.

E237-E241. doi:10.1503/cmaj.201216. PMID: 33593947.

Bizimungu S.

Is this hair professional enough?

E254-E255. doi:10.1503/cmaj.201871. PMID: 33593952.

Duong D.

Time for more effective masks?

E258. doi:10.1503/cmaj.1095920. PMID: 33593954.

Tricco AC, Bourgeault I, Moore A, et al.

Advancing gender equity in medicine.

E244-E250. doi:10.1503/cmaj.200951. PMID: 33593950.

Duong D.

Reconciliation in health care must go beyond cultural sensitivity.

E256-E257. doi:10.1503/cmaj.1095919. PMID: 33593953.

Leung AKC, Leong KF, Lam JM.

Acrodermatitis enteropathica in a 3-month-old boy.

E243. doi:10.1503/cmaj.201181. PMID: 33593949.

Istanboulian L, Siple L.

Simple-language tool to guide patients in recovery after prolonged treatment in the intensive care unit.

E251. doi:10.1503/cmaj.77844. PMID: 33593951.

Current Medical Research and Opinion Vol. 37 No. 2 February 2021

Mukherjee TK, Malik P, Maitra R, et al.

Ravaging SARS-CoV-2: rudimentary diagnosis and puzzling immunological responses.

pp207-217. doi:10.1080/03007995.2020.1862532. PMID: 33306409; PMCID: PMC7784827.

Introduction: In December 2019, the first COVID-19 case, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported in Wuhan, China. The SARS-CoV-2 rapidly disseminated throughout the world via community spread, acquiring pandemic status with significant fatality.

Observations: Rapid SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis was soon perceived critical for arresting community spread and effective therapy development. Human SARS-CoV-2 infection can be diagnosed either by nucleic acid identification or specific antibody detection. Contrary to nucleic acid identification confirmed active SARS-CoV-2 infection; antibody detection confirms a past infection, even in asymptomatic subjects. SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies augment the ability to effectively counter the virus. A crucial hurdle limiting the steadfast implementation of antibody detection is the time required for threshold B lymphocyte population generation. This process is dependent on precise antigen recognition and MHC class I molecules presentation.

Conclusions: Thus, nucleic acid and antibody dependent tests complement each other in identifying human SARS-CoV-2 infection and shaping up subsequent immunological responses. This article discusses the complimentary association of nucleic acid identification (corresponding to an active infection) and antibody testing (the yester CoV-2 infection vulnerability) as the diagnostic and screening measures of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Highlights Nucleic acid (RNA) identification and specific antibody detection against SARS-CoV-2 are the noted diagnostic mechanisms for screening human SARS-CoV-2 infection. While nucleic acid identification screens prevailing SARS-CoV-2 infection, detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies signifies a past infection, even in asymptomatic subjects. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 provide a potential therapeutic option via transfer from antibody rich plasma of a recovered subject to an infected individual. Nucleic acid identification may not absolutely confirm the infection because of frequent SARS-CoV-2 genome mutations and possible technical errors, while specific antibody detection also needs at least (8-14) days for detectable screening of B-cell generated antibodies. Nucleic acid and antibody tests are complementary to each other as an early stage diagnostic assay for SARS-CoV-2 infection and possible therapy (antibodies). Sufferers with a high clinical suspicion but negative RT-PCR screening could be examined via combined imaging and repeated swab test.

Subramanian K, Nalli A, Senthil V, et al.

Pharmaceutical industry-authored preprints: scientific and social media impact.

pp269-273. doi:10.1080/03007995.2020.1853083. PMID: 33206000.

Miró J, Micó JA, Reinoso-Barbero F.

The management of pediatric chronic pain in Spain: a web-based survey study.

pp303-310. doi:10.1080/03007995.2020.1854208. PMID: 33213211.

Criner G, Duffy S.

Reducing and managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations with tiotropium + olodaterol.

pp275-284. doi:10.1080/03007995.2020.1841615. 33095662.

Objective: The aim of this study was to review clinical evidence supporting the use of fixed-dose combination of tiotropium and olodaterol, a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and a long-acting β2-agonist (LABA), respectively, as the initial and follow-up treatment choice in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as per Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2020 recommendations-the impact of this treatment strategy on the reduction in the risk of exacerbations-and the importance of early therapeutic interventions.

Methods: For this narrative review, the available literature was searched to identify studies including patients with COPD receiving tiotropium and olodaterol as either monotherapy or combination therapy and studies including patients with COPD receiving inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in addition to long-acting bronchodilators. Relevant studies were included in the review.

Results: Patients with COPD are often prescribed ICS therapy, which, when used over a long term, can be associated with local and systemic adverse effects. The GOLD 2020 report recommends dual bronchodilator therapy as both an initial and follow-up treatment option. A LABA + LAMA combination is mechanistically synergistic, and cumulative evidence surrounding the efficacy and safety of fixed-dose combination of tiotropium and olodaterol supports therapeutic advantages over monotherapy in most patients with COPD.

Conclusions: The early stages of COPD may represent a "window of therapeutic opportunity" during which initiation of tiotropium and olodaterol dual bronchodilator therapy may improve lung function and quality of life and reduce exacerbations in patients with COPD.

Maricich YA, Xiong X, Gerwien R, et al.

Real-world evidence for a prescription digital therapeutic to treat opioid use disorder.

pp175-183. doi:10.1080/03007995.2020.1846023. PMID: 33140981.

Objectives: To evaluate patient engagement and usage of a prescription digital therapeutic (PDT) and associated outcomes of opioid use and treatment retention in a large real-world dataset of patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) treated with buprenorphine medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD). PDTs are software-based disease treatments evaluated for safety and effectiveness in randomized clinical trials (RCTs), and authorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat disease with approved directions for use (label).

Methods: A real-world observational evaluation of an all-comer population of patients who redeemed a 12-week prescription for the reSET-O PDT. Engagement and therapeutic use data were collected and analysed on a population level. Substance use was evaluated as a composite of self-reports recorded with reSET-O and urine drug screens (UDS).

Results: Data from 3144 individuals with OUD were evaluated. 45.5% were between ages 30 and 39 years. 80% completed at least 8 of the 67 possible therapeutic modules, 66% completed half of all modules, and 49% completed all modules. Abstinence during the last 4 weeks of treatment was calculated with two imputation methodologies: 66% abstinent using "missing data excluded (patients with no data as positive)", and 91% abstinent with "missing data removed (patients with no data excluded)". 91% of patients met the responder definition of ≥80% of self-report or UDS negative. 74.2% of patients were retained through the last 4 weeks of treatment. Subgroup analysis of patients using reSET-O appropriately (4 or more modules per week for the first 4 weeks) showed 88.1% abstinence using "missing data excluded (patients with no data as positive)", and retention at weeks 9-12 of 85.8%.

Conclusions: Results demonstrate that reSET-O is readily and broadly used by patients with OUD and that high real-world engagement with the therapeutic is positively associated with abstinence and retention in treatment. ReSET-O is a potentially valuable adjunct to buprenorphine MOUD therapy for patients with OUD.

Zhan X, Chen Z, Hu H, et al.

Dandelion and focal crazy paving signs: the lung CT based predictors for evaluation of the severity of

coronavirus disease.

pp219-224. doi:10.1080/03007995.2020.1846173. PMID: 33136449; PMCID: PMC7711729.

Purpose: To describe the radiological features of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and to explore the significant signs that indicate severity of disease.

Materials and methods: We collected data retrospectively of 180 cases of COVID-19, from 15 January 2020 to 31 March 2020, from both the Wuhan Zhongnan and Beijing Ditan Hospitals, including 103 cases of mild and 77 cases of severe pneumonia. All patients had their first chest computed tomography scan within five days of symptom onset. The dandelion sign was defined by a focal ground glass opacity (GGO) with a central thickening of the airway wall, and the focal crazy paving sign was defined by a focal GGO with thickening of the interlobular septa.

Results: Consolidation presented in only 4.9% (5/103) of the mild pneumonia cases, which was significantly lower than that in severe pneumonia cases (70.1% 54/77), p < .001). Multifocal distribution and pure GGOs were observed more frequently in severe cases of pneumonia (p < .05). The dandelion sign was present in 86.4% (89/103) of the mild pneumonia cases, significantly more frequent than those with severe pneumonia (13.0% [10/77], p < .001). The focal crazy paving sign presented in 65.0% (67/103) of the mild pneumonia cases and was significantly more frequent than in severe cases (23.4% [18/77], p < .001). The hospital stay duration of the mild pneumonia group (13.6 ± 7.2 days) was significantly shorter than the severe pneumonia group (26.6 ± 11.7 days, p < .001).

Conclusions: Consolidation, pure GGO and multifocal distribution on a CT scan were associated with severe COVID-19. The dandelion and focal crazy paving signs indicate mild COVID-19.

McMahon SB, Dargan P, Lanas A, et al.

The burden of musculoskeletal pain and the role of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in its treatment. Ten underpinning statements from a global pain faculty.

pp287-292. doi:10.1080/03007995.2020.1847718. PMID: 33155849.

Adamski P, Ostrowska M, Navarese EP, et al.

Pharmacodynamic and clinical efficacy of reduced ticagrelor maintenance doses in patients with coronary

artery disease.

pp195-206. doi:10.1080/03007995.2020.1854207. PMID: 33211543.

Objective: An increasing body of data indicates that a reduction of ticagrelor maintenance dose (MD) in stabilized patients might improve ticagrelor's safety profile and adherence to the treatment. The aim of this review was to discuss the rationale and summarize the current pharmacodynamic and clinical outcomes-based evidence from reduced MD of ticagrelor in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: A narrative systematic review based on a literature search using the PubMed database from its inception through to June 2020. A search strategy included a combination of relevant search terms regarding ticagrelor reduced MD. The pre-determined inclusion criteria were: (1) randomized or observational trials; (2) presentation of clinical or pharmacodynamic results; (3) evaluation of any ticagrelor MD below 90 mg BID in patients with CAD.

Results: Studies evaluating the following ticagrelor reduced MD have been identified: 90 mg QD, 60 mg BID, 60 mg QD, 45 mg BID, 22.5 mg BID. Majority of trials assessing doses 0.50% HbA1c reductions (88.57% vs. 43.75%, p < 0.001). BMI and weight changes were not significant between groups. Many (54.6%) TIME participants experienced > 1 barrier to care, of whom 91.7% had medication issues. CHWs identified the majority (87.5%) of barriers.

Conclusions: TIME participants resulted in improved outcomes including HbA1c. CHWs are uniquely positioned to identify barriers to care particularly related to medications that may have gone unrecognized otherwise. Larger trials are needed to determine the scalability and sustainability of the intervention.

McGinty EE, Murphy KA, Dalcin AT, et al.

A Model for Advancing Scale-Up of Complex Interventions for Vulnerable Populations: the ALACRITY Center for Health and Longevity in Mental Illness.

pp500-505. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06137-x. PMID: 32869192; PMCID: PMC7878664.

Ghertner R.

Receipt of Disability Benefits and Prescription Opioid Prevalence.

pp557-558. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05685-6. PMID: 32043262; PMCID: PMC7878621.

Lu AD, Kaul B, Reichert J, et al.

Implementation Strategies for Frontline Healthcare Professionals: People, Process Mapping, and Problem Solving.

pp506-510. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06169-3. PMID: 32918200; PMCID: PMC7878661.

Du Yan L, Dean K, Park D, et al.

Education vs Clinician Feedback on Antibiotic Prescriptions for Acute Respiratory Infections in Telemedicine: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

pp305-312. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06134-0. PMID: 32845446; PMCID: PMC7878643.

Background: Antibiotics prescribed for acute respiratory tract infections in the telemedicine setting are often unwarranted.

Objective: We hypothesized that education plus individualized feedback, compared with education alone, would significantly reduce antibiotic prescription rates for upper respiratory infections, bronchitis, sinusitis, and pharyngitis in a telemedicine setting.

Design: Two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial conducted at a telemedicine practice from January 1, 2018, to November 30, 2018.

Participants: Clinicians employed at the practice on or after January 1, 2017 (n = 45).

Interventions: The control group received education (treatment guideline presentation and online course) in April 2018. The intervention group received education plus individualized feedback via an online dashboard with monthly rates of personal and practice-wide antibiotic prescription rates starting May 2018.

Main measures: Antibiotic prescription for any visit with at least one target condition: upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, sinusitis, and pharyngitis.

Key results: Baseline antibiotic prescription rates in control and intervention groups across conditions were as follows: upper respiratory infection (URI): 626/3410 (18.4%), 413/2752 (15.0%), bronchitis: 689/1471 (46.8%), 742/1162 (64.0%), sinusitis: 5154/6131 (84.1%), 4250/4876 (87.2%), pharyngitis: 2308/2838 (81.3%), 1593/2126 (74.9%). Antibiotic prescriptions for all conditions decreased in the post-intervention period compared with those in the pre-intervention period, for both control and intervention groups. Reduction of antibiotic prescriptions for URI and bronchitis was greater for the group receiving education plus individualized feedback compared with that for the group receiving education alone (interaction term ratio 0.60, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.77 for URI; and interaction term ratio 0.42, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.55 for bronchitis), but not sinusitis and pharyngitis.

Conclusion: Education plus individualized feedback in a telemedicine practice significantly decreased antibiotic prescription rates for upper respiratory tract infections and bronchitis, compared with education alone. Future studies should focus on tailoring antibiotic stewardship programs based on underlying conditions, and the maintenance of early reductions in antibiotic prescription.

Hickman SE, Torke AM, Sachs GA, et al.

Do Life-sustaining Treatment Orders Match Patient and Surrogate Preferences? The Role of POLST.

pp413-421. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06292-1. PMID: 33111241; PMCID: PMC7878602.

Kalkhoran S, Chang Y, Rigotti NA.

Online Searches for Quitting Vaping During the 2019 Outbreak of E-cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury.

pp559-560. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05686-5. PMID: 32052253; PMCID: PMC7878629.

Penney LS, Homoya BJ, Damush TM, et al.

Seeding Structures for a Community of Practice Focused on Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): Implementing Across Disciplines and Waves.

pp313-321. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06135-z. PMID: 32875499; PMCID: PMC7878647.

Damschroder LJ, Yankey NR, Robinson CH, et al.

The LEAP Program: Quality Improvement Training to Address Team Readiness Gaps Identified by Implementation Science Findings.

pp288-295. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06133-1. PMID: 32901440; PMCID: PMC7878618.

Taylor SP, Kowalkowski MA.

Using Implementation Science-Guided Pilot Studies to Assess and Improve the Informativeness of Clinical Trials.

pp533-536. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06220-3. PMID: 32918201; PMCID: PMC7878642.

Walker RJ, Jackson JL, Asch SM, et al.

Mitigating the Impact of COVID-19 on Funded Clinical Research: Crucial Next Steps.

pp518-520. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06342-8. PMID: 33201425; PMCID: PMC7670836.

Johnson KB, Patel NR.

Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Technology: a Critical, Pragmatic Collaboration for Clinical Transformation.

pp530-532. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05833-y. PMID: 32323136; PMCID: PMC7878604.

McAlister FA.

RE: Patient-Reported Quality of Hospital Discharge Transitions.

p537. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06111-7. PMID: 32804329; PMCID: PMC7878587.

Racine AM, Tommet D, D'Aquila ML, et al.

Machine Learning to Develop and Internally Validate a Predictive Model for Post-operative Delirium in a Prospective, Observational Clinical Cohort Study of Older Surgical Patients.

pp265-273. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06238-7. PMID: 33078300; PMCID: PMC7878663.

Liou KT, Korenstein D, Mao JJ.

Medicare Coverage of Acupuncture for Chronic Low Back Pain: Does It Move the Needle on the Opioid Crisis? pp527-529. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05871-6. PMID: 32378010; PMCID: PMC7878593.

Brown JD, Urato C, Ogbuefi P.

Uptake of Medicare Behavioral Health Integration Billing Codes in 2017 and 2018.

pp564-566. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06232-z. PMID: 32959345; PMCID: PMC7878625.

O'Shea J, Lin IH, Richards B.

Population-Based Standing Orders: a Novel Approach to Hepatitis C Screening.

pp538-539. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06123-3. PMID: 32869204; PMCID: PMC7878627.

Kang SY, Socal MP, Bai G, et al.

Off-Label Coverage of High-Cost Drugs by Independent Charity Patient Assistance Programs.

pp555-556. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05682-9. PMID: 32096083; PMCID: PMC7878656.

Jackson JL, Kay C, Scholcoff C, et al.

Capturing the Complexities of "Difficult" Patient Encounters Using a Structural Equation Model.

pp549-551. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06013-8. PMID: 32728955; PMCID: PMC7878594.

Rodriguez JA, Fossa A, Mishuris R, et al.

Bridging the Language Gap in Patient Portals: An Evaluation of Google Translate.

pp567-569. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05719-z. PMID: 32076978; PMCID: PMC7878638.

Carnahan JL, Shearn AJ, Lieb KM, et al.

Pneumonia Management in Nursing Homes: Findings from a CMS Demonstration Project.

pp570-572. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05885-0. PMID: 32495100; PMCID: PMC7878612.

Lau BD, Wang J, Hobson DB, et al.

Missed Doses of Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis: a Growing Problem Without an Active Management Strategy.

pp540-542. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06303-1. PMID: 33140273; PMCID: PMC7878622.

Chaitoff A, Volovetz J, Mitchell-Handley B, et al.

The Effects of Student Demographic Characteristics in a Primary Care Encounter: a Randomized Experiment.

pp552-554. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05681-w. PMID: 32076970; PMCID: PMC7878620.

Asch SM, Atkins DV, Walling A.

If Kindness Were a Drug, the FDA Would Approve It.

pp263-264. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06343-7. PMID: 33245513; PMCID: PMC7878658.

Roberts AW.

Naloxone Prescribing Among Frequent Opioid Prescribers in Medicare Part D from 2013 to 2017: a Retrospective Study.

pp543-545. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05872-5. PMID: 32378012; PMCID: PMC7878639.

Scherer AM, Solway E, Malani PN, et al.

Factors Associated with Health Insurance Affordability Concerns Among U.S. Adults Age 50-64: a Cross-Sectional, Nationally Representative Study.

pp546-548. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05732-2. PMID: 32144696; PMCID: PMC7878644.

Cornwell BL, Szymanski BR, Bohnert KM, et al.

Treatment Initiation Following Positive Depression Screens in Primary Care: a Propensity Score-Weighted Analysis of Integrated Mental Health Services.

pp561-563. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05694-5. PMID: 32495097; PMCID: PMC7878617.

Lauffenburger JC.

Capsule Commentary on Muench et. al., Scope-of-practice for Nurse Practitioners and Adherence to Medications for Chronic Illness in Primary Care.

p573. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06016-5. PMID: 32632791; PMCID: PMC7878597.

Prehospital Emergency Care Vol. 25 No. 2 March – April 2021

Cash RE, Rivard MK, Chrzan K, et al.

Comparison of Volunteer and Paid EMS Professionals in the United States.

pp205-212. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1752867. PMID: 32271639.

Turner S, Lang ES, Brown K, et al.

Systematic Review of Evidence-Based Guidelines for Prehospital Care.

pp221-234. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1754978. PMID: 32286899.

Spigner MF, Benoit JL, Menegazzi JJ, et al.

Prehospital Protocols for Post-Return of Spontaneous Circulation Are Highly Variable.

pp191-195. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1754979. PMID: 32286900.

Rowland D, Vryhof N, Overton D, et al.

Tension Hemopneumothorax in the Setting of Mechanical CPR during Prehospital Cardiac Arrest.

pp274-280. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1743800. PMID: 32208039.

Rivard MK, Cash RE, Mercer CB, et al.

Demography of the National Emergency Medical Services Workforce: A Description of Those Providing

Patient Care in the Prehospital Setting.

pp213-220. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1737282. PMID: 32119575.

Barefoot EH, Cyr JM, Brice JH, et al.

Opportunities for Emergency Medical Services Intervention to Prevent Opioid Overdose Mortality.

pp182-190. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1740363. PMID: 32176548; PMCID: PMC7529698.

Charlton NP, Swain JM, Brozek JL, et al.

Control of Severe, Life-Threatening External Bleeding in the Out-of-Hospital Setting: A Systematic Review.

pp235-267. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1743801. PMID: 32208060.

Gugiu MR, Cash R, Rivard M, et al.

Development and Validation of Content Domains for Paramedic Prehospital Performance Assessment:

A Focus Group and Delphi Method Approach.

pp196-204. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1750743. PMID: 32243208.

de Graaf C, Donders DNV, Beesems SG, et al.

Time to Return of Spontaneous Circulation and Survival: When to Transport in out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest?

pp171-181. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1752868. PMID: 32286908.

Gunderson MR, Florin A, Price M, et al.

NEMSMA Position Statement and White Paper: Process and Outcomes Data Sharing between EMS and Receiving Hospitals.

pp307-313. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1792017. PMID: 32654573.

Fisher AD, April MD, Cunningham C, et al.

Prehospital Vasopressor Use Is Associated with Worse Mortality in Combat Wounded.

pp268-273. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1737280. PMID: 32119580.

Carroll GG, Wasserman DD, Shah AA, et al.

Buprenorphine Field Initiation of ReScue Treatment by Emergency Medical Services (Bupe FIRST EMS): A Case Series.

pp289-293. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1747579. PMID: 32208945.

Cicero MX, Adelgais K, Hoyle JD, et al.

Medication Dosing Safety for Pediatric Patients: Recognizing Gaps, Safety Threats, and Best Practices in the Emergency Medical Services Setting. A Position Statement and Resource Document from NAEMSP.

pp294-306. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1794085. PMID: 32644857.

Staats K, Tremoulet AH, Harvey H, et al.

A Four-Year-Old with History of Kawasaki Disease Presenting in Acute Shock.

pp281-288. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1745339. PMID: 32250719.

Donofrio-Ödmann JJ, Remoulet A, Burns J, et al.

Reply to Dr. Dahdah's Letter to the Editor Re: "A Four-Year-Old with History of Kawasaki Disease Presenting in Acute Shock".

p316. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1831672. PMID: 33026275.

Dahdah N.

Fatal Myocardial Ischemic Shock after Kawasaki Disease, the Not to Be Missed Differential Diagnosis.

pp314-315. doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1828519. PMID: 32986492.

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