Mission Conferences



MISSION CONFERENCES Reading Guide

John Roxborogh

1. INTRODUCTION 2

1.1 Bibliographies 2

1.2 Biographies of Key Figures 2

1.3 Recommended reading 3

1.4 General 3

2. PRINCIPLES OF UNITY 4

2.1 Theological and Biblical basis 4

2.2 The Apostolic Church 4

3. HISTORIC DIVISIONS 4

3.1 Schism in the Early Church 4

3.2 Catholic and Nestorian 4

3.3 Catholic and Orthodox 4

3.4 Catholic and Protestant 4

3.5 Protestant and Protestant 4

4. REUNIONS IN THE 19TH CENTURY 4

5. TOWARDS A WORLD COUNCIL OF CHURCHES 1910-1948 5

5.1 Edinburgh 1910 and after 5

5.2 The Faith and Order Movement 5

5.3 Life and Work 5

6. INTERNATIONAL MISSIONARY COUNCIL 1921-1961 5

6.1 Lake Mohonk 1921 6

6.2 Jerusalem 1928 6

6.3 Tambaram 1938 6

6.4 Whitby 1947 6

6.5 Willingen 1952 6

6.6 Ghana 1958 6

6.7 Amalgamation with the WCC: New Delhi 1961 6

7. COUNCIL FOR WORLD MISSION & EVANGELISM 1961-1989 6

7.1 Mexico 1963 : “Witness in six continents” 6

7.2 Bangkok 1973 : “Salvation Today” 6

7.3 Melbourne 1980 : “Your Kingdom Come” 7

7.4 San Antonio 1989 7

8. DENOMINATIONAL CONFERENCES 7

9. YOUTH CONFERENCES 7

10. THE WORLD COUNCIL OF CHURCHES 1948-1991 7

10.1 Amsterdam 1948 : “Man’s disorder and God’s design” 7

10.2 Evanston 1952 : “Christ - The hope of the world” 7

10.3 New Delhi 1961 : “Jesus Christ the light of the world” 8

10.4 Uppsala 1968 : “Behold I make all things new” 8

10.5 Nairobi 1975 : “Jesus Christ frees and unites” 8

10.6 Vancouver 1983 8

10.7 Canberra 1991 8

11. EFFORTS FOR REUNION : SUCCESS AND FAILURE 8

11.1 Church of North India 8

11.2 Church of South India 8

11.3 Anglican and Methodist in Britain 8

11.4 Anglicans, Methodists, Presbyterians and others in New Zealand 9

11.5 North America 9

12. VATICAN II AND BEYOND 9

13. ASIA AND THE ECUMENCIAL MOVEMENT 9

13.1 General 9

13.2 Malaysia and Singapore 9

13.3 Christian Conference of Asia. 10

13.4 Bangkok 1949 : “The Christian prospect in Eastern Asia” 10

13.5 First Assembly of East Asia Christian Conference Prapat 1957 : “The common evangelistic task” 10

13.6 Second Assembly of EACC Kuala Lumpur 1959 “Witnesses together” 10

13.7 Third Assembly Bangkok 1964 “The Christian community within the human” 10

13.8 Fourth Assembly Bangkok 1968 “In Christ all things hold together” 10

13.9 Fifth Assembly, CCA, Singapore 1973 “Christian action in the Asian struggle” 10

13.10 Sixth Assembly, CCA, Penang 1977 “Jesus Christ in Asian suffering and hope.” 10

13.11 Seventh Assembly, CCA, Bangalore, 1981 “Living in Christ with people” 10

13.12 Eighth Assembly, CCA, Seoul, 1985. 10

14. FAITH AND ORDER FROM 1948 10

14.1 Lund, 1952. 11

14.2 Montreal, 1963. 11

14.3 Lima, 1971 11

15. INTER-CHURCH DIALOGUE 11

15.1 Anglican conversations 11

15.2 Lutheran conversations 11

15.3 Methodist conversations 11

15.4 Catholic and Protestant 11

16. EVANGELICAL ECUMENISM 11

16.1 `Evangelical Ecumenism’ 11

16.2 Para-church groups and ecumenism 12

17. EVANGELICAL CONFERENCES 12

17.1 Wheaton 1966 12

17.2 Berlin 1966 12

17.3 Green Lake 1971 13

17.4 Lausanne 1974 13

17.5 Pattaya 1980 13

17.6 Edinburgh 1980 13

17.7 Lausanne II, Manila 1989 13

18. THE FUTURE OF ECUMENISM 13

1. INTRODUCTION

This provides an introduction to issues involved when Christians of different traditions try to work together. It includes topics about which there has been a great deal of feeling. Some may appear to be irrelevant, or wrong, or supremely relevant. We may feel the lessons are obvious, or you may discover they are not. I hope you will come to them with curiosity and a willingness to be surprised and not just a critical eye.

The debates often centre on unity and mission. The two are closely related, going back to Jesus’ prayer in John 17, Paul with the Corinthian Church, problems in Antioch and North Africa, attempts to prevent and then to heal splits between Catholic and Orthodox churches and later among Protestants who separate into smaller and smaller groups with regularity. While an emphasis of this bibliography is on the ecumenical aspect, that of the course as a whole is more on the question of mission.

The very existence of missionary societies and para-church organisations raises questions about what is necessary for Christians to do together to make real the oneness which was the prayer and gift of Christ to His church. Ecumenical activity is not restricted to those who formally carry the label. Apart from some notable exceptions, ecumenism has arguably been a more characteristically “evangelical” than “liberal” concern.

The historical background of the 20th century ecumenical movement, includes the three major strands involved in the formation of the World Council of Churches: the International Missionary Council (IMC), and the movements for Faith and Order and for Life and Work. The IMC is of major interest, but we may find it surprising to discover the depth of Christian commitment lying behind each of these movements and it is important that the lessons painfully learnt be passed on whether or not our particular vision of Christian obedience is the same.

We will also look at the Evangelical conferences associated with the Lausanne Movement and the importance (not just for Catholics) of the Vatican II Council.

The references provided are intended to be a bibliography for more detailed study as required. It includes brief comments on key points through church history in relation to ecumenism. In general titles have not been checked in the Bible College Library. Helpful surveys are:

Bassham, Rodger C. Mission theology: 1948-1975. Years of worldwide creative tension. Ecumenical, Evangelical and Roman Catholic, William Carey Library, 1979.

Bosch, David. Witness to the World.

Bosch, David. Transforming Mission.

Scherer, James A. Gospel, Church and Kingdom. Comparative studies in world mission theology, Augsburg, 1987.

Verkuyl, J. Contemporary Missiology, An introduction.

1.1 Bibliographies

Harvey, Dorothy M. “...there is no end,” Check list of EACC-CCA publications and other related Asian ecumenical documents 1948-1981, CCA 1982.

Van der Bent, Ans J. A guide to essential ecumenical reading, WCC 1984.

Van der Bent, Ans J. Major studies and themes in the Ecumenical Movement, WCC, 1981.

1.2 Biographies of Key Figures

Bliss, Kathleen. ‘The legacy of J H Oldham,’ International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 8(1) Jan 1984, 18-24.

Furtado, C L. The contribution of D T Niles to the Church universal and local, CLS 1978.

Hoedemaker, L A. ‘The legacy of Hendrick Kraemer,’ Occasional Bulletin of Missionary Research, 4(2) Apr 1980, 60-64.

Hooft, W A Visser’t. Memoirs, WCC, 1973.

Hopkins, C Howard. John R Mott, 1865-1955, Eerdmans, 1979.

Jackson, E M. ‘The legacy of William Paton,’ International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 7(1) Jan 1983, 11-15.

Lacy, Creighton. ‘The legacy of D T Niles,’ International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 8(4) Oct 1984, 174-178.

Newbigin, Lesslie. “The legacy of W A Visser’t Hooft,” International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 16(2) April 1992, 78-81.

Newbigin, Lesslie. Unfinished agenda, WCC.

Slack, Kenneth. George Bell, SCM, 1971

Sundkler, Bengt. Nathan Söderblom, his life and work, Lund, 1968.

1.3 Recommended reading

Bettenson, H ed. Documents of the Christian Church, 327-335.

Hutchison, W R. Errand to the world. American Protestant Thought and Foreign Missions, University of Chicago Press, 1987.

Lion Handbook, History of the Church, 634-636.

Littell, F H. Atlas history of Christianity, 148-152.

Lossky, Nicholas, et al, eds. Dictionary of the Ecumenical Movement, WCC/Eerdmans, 1991.

Visser’t Hooft, W A. The genesis and formation of the World Council of Churches, WCC, 1982.

1.4 General

Ecumenical Review

International Review of Mission

Journal of Ecumenical Studies

New Catholic Encyclopedia

One World [not yet available DML]

Transformation

Baker D, ed. Schism heresy and religious protest, Studies in Church History 9 CUP 1972.

Beaver R P. Ecumenical beginnings in Protestant world mission, Nelson, 1962.

Bell, G K A. Christian unity: the Anglican position, Hodder, 1948.

Bell, G K A. Documents on Christian unity, 1924, 1930, 1948, 1958.

Davies, R. “The spirituality of ecumenism,” in P Brooks ed. Christian Spirituality. Essays in honour of Gordon Rupp, SCM 1975, 307-328.

Fey, Harold E., ed. The ecumenical advance, WCC, 1986.

Greenslade, S L. Schism in the early church, SCM, 1953/1964.

Hogg, W R. Ecumencial foundations. A history of the International Missionary Council and its 19th century background, Harper 1952.

Jedin, H. History of the Church, 10, 458-473.

Kinnamon, M. Truth and community. Diversity and its limits in the Ecumenical Movement, Eerdmans/WCC, 1988.

Mott, John R. Addresses and papers, six volumes, YMCA, 1947.

Mott, John R. The decisive hour of Christian missions, New York, 1911.

Mott, John R. The pastor and modern missions, a plea for leadership in world evangelisation, Ohio, 1905.

Mott, John R. The present day summons to the world mission of Christianity, Cokesbury, 1931.

Patelos, Constantin G. The Orthodox Church in the Ecumencial Movement, WCC, 1978.

Pelikan J ed. Twentieth century theology in the making, vol 3 Collins, 1970, 370-398.[K Volker “Catholic reunion movements,” O Ritschl “Reunion movements within Protestantism from the 16th to the 18th century,” and Nathan Soderblom “Reunion movements at the present day.”]

Rouse Ruth and S C Neill, A history of the Ecumenical Movement 1517-1948, SPCK, 1954. (review in R H Bainton, Christian unity and religion in New England, 24-42.)

Sharpe, E. Nathan Soderblom.

Slosser, G J. Christian Unity, its history and challenge in all communions, in all lands, Kegan Paul, 1929.

Sykes, N. Old priest, new presbyter. [Bob Glen has an autographed copy. Sykes was his teacher.]

Tatlow, T. The story of the Student Christian Movement, SCM, 1933.

Todor Sabev ed., The Sophia consultation. Orthodox involvement in the WCC, WCC 1982.

Wainwright, Geoffrey. The Ecumenical Movement. Crisis and opportunity for the Church, Eerdmans 1983.

Weber, Hans-Ruedi. Asia and the Ecumenical Movement 1895-1961, SCM 1966.

2. PRINCIPLES OF UNITY

2.1 Theological and Biblical basis

Barth K. Church Dogmatics IV/1 668-685.

Brown, C. Dictionary of NT Theology, 1, 291-307.

Kung, H. The Church, Search Press, 1973, 263-295.

Schweizer, E. Church order in the New Testament, SCM, 1961.

2.2 The Apostolic Church

This is no longer seen to have been as uniform or as united as it was once perceived. Given a current emphasis on variety and difference in the first century church what might our aims and expectations be in the present?

3. HISTORIC DIVISIONS

3.1 Schism in the Early Church

In North Africa Cyprian then later the Donatist schism and Augustine’s response set the pattern for attitudes towards groups of Christians who sought to be autonomous. Has this situation had too great an influence? Were Cyprian and Augustine right? (see Greenslade)

3.2 Catholic and Nestorian

This is the forgotten split in the early church but one that should not be forgotten in Asia.

3.3 Catholic and Orthodox

Sometimes the great ‘ecumenical’ councils of the Church are looked back on as having special status because they spoke for an undivided Church. Some of that “undivision” was superficial and tensions between East and West led to schism.

3.4 Catholic and Protestant

From the point of view of modern ecumenical concerns what really happened at the Reformation? Was it a mistake? How much was due to the defeat by hard-liners of those who tried to hold it together?

3.5 Protestant and Protestant

Catholics predicted that Protestants would continue to divide because they had no agreed basis for reconciling different interpretations of Scripture. This “fissiparous” tendency in Protestantism continues - despite efforts towards reconciliation between older groups. Some divisions go back to the Radical Reformation in the 16th century. For those influenced by British traditions the Civil War of the 17th century continues to cast a shadow - relations between Anglican and Presbyterian; Anglican and Methodist and even Anglican and Pentecostal/ Charismatic/ Housechurch groups reflect longstanding divisions in British society.

4. REUNIONS IN THE 19TH CENTURY

Although Protestants continued to divide from 1800 onwards there were many efforts and some successes in the direction of reunion. Much of this was inspired by the challenge of missions. The birth of the London Missionary Society in 1795 was hailed as “the funeral of bigotry.” The Bible Society of 1804 was a great venture of co-operation between Christians and its constitution was carefully drafted to include everybody - Protestants anyway - (bibles were issued “without note or comment”).

Some split Presbyterians found their way back together even if there were a number left behind at each reunion. Splitting and rejoining was something of a Methodist pastime. Even groups dedicated to the principle that every congregation has the right to determine its own doctrine and polity - such as Baptists and Congregationalists - formed associations of congregations. In 1846 the Evangelical Alliance was formed despite a weak doctrine of the Church and some fragile allegances.

Although Protestants were unwilling to surrender beliefs and practices which divided them from each other and from Rome (never mind the Orthodox or those further East) there was persistent acknowledgement that this was not how things were meant to be. The scandal of exporting denominational differences to the new churches coming to birth around the world provided a constant impetus to further action.

Martin, Roger H. Evangelicals united: Ecumenical stirrings in pre-Victorian Britain 1795-1830, Scarecrow, 1983.

5. TOWARDS A WORLD COUNCIL OF CHURCHES 1910-1948

Visser ‘t Hooft, W A. The genesis and formation of the World Council of Churches, WCC 1982.

5.1 Edinburgh 1910 and after

Reports of the Conference

Bliss, K. “The legacy of J H Oldham,” International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 8(1), Jan 1984, 18-24.

The Continuation Committee conferences in Asia 1912-1913, NY, 1913.

Dougall, J W C. “J H Oldham,” International Review of Mission, , 59(233), 1970, 8-22.

Ecumenical Review, 21(3), July 1969, 261-265.

Gairdner, W H T. Edinburgh 1910. An account and interpretation.

Graham, C. “The legacy of S Azariah,” International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 1985, 16-19.

Hogg, W R. Ecumenical foundations.

Hogg, W R. “Edinburgh 1910 - perspective 1980,” Occasional Bulletin of Missionary Research, 4(4), Oct 1980, 146-153.

Hopkins, C H. John R Mott 1865-1955.

International Review of Mission, 59(233), Jan 1970.

Pierard, Richard V. ‘John R Mott and the rift in the Ecumenical Movement during World War I,’ Journal of Ecumenical Studies, 23(4), 1986, 601-620.

Sharpe, E. “The legacy of A G Hogg,” International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 6(2), 1982, 65-69.

Reudi-Weber, Hans. Asia and the Ecumenical Movement, 130-143.

5.2 The Faith and Order Movement

Ehrenstrom N and G Gassman, Confessions in dialogue. Bilateral conversations 1962-1971, Faith and Order paper 63, WCC, 1972.

Lausanne 77. Fifty years of Faith and Order. Faith and Order paper 87, 1977.

New directions in Faith and Order, Bristol 1967, Faith and Order paper 50, WCC 1968.

Tatlow T. “The World Conference on Faith and Order,” Rouse and Neill, 405-441.

Tomkins, O S. The Church in the purpose of God. An introduction to the work of the Commission on Faith and Order ... in preparation for the Third World Conference on Faith and Order to be held at Lund, Sweden, in 1952, SCM, 1950.

The Conversations at Malines 1921-1925, OUP, 1927.

Uniting in hope. Accra 1974. Faith and Order paper 72, WCC, 1975.

5.2.1 Lausanne 1927

Bate, H N. Faith and order. Proceedings of the World Conference Lausanne, August 3-21, 1927, SCM, 1928.

5.2.2 Edinburgh 1937

Martin, Hugh. Edinburgh 1937. The story of the second world conference on Faith and Order, SCM, 1937.

The Edinburgh Conference on Faith and Order. Report of the Committee appointed by the Archbishops of Canterbury and York to consider the findings of the Edinburgh Conference on Faith and Order, 1939.

5.3 Life and Work

Rouse and Neill, 509-596.

Sundkler, B. Nathan Soderblom, his life and work, Lund, 1968.

5.3.1 Stockholm 1925

5.3.2 Oxford 1937

Church community and State, 7 volume series, George Allen & Unwin, 1937.

5.3.3 Utrecht 1938

6. INTERNATIONAL MISSIONARY COUNCIL 1921-1961

Grubb, K. “IMC/WCC relations: a personal view,” International Review of Mission, 46(183), 1957.

Hogg, W R. Ecumenical foundations. A history of the IMC and its 19th century background, 1952.

Margull, H J. “The integration of the IMC and WCC,” Lutheran World, 8(3), 1957.

Newbiggin, L. “From the editor,” International Review of Mission, 54(215), 1965.

Nissen, K. “Mission and unity,” International Review of Mission, 63(252), 1974.

Payne, E A, and Moses D G. Why integration, Edinburgh House Press, London, 1957.

Shivute, Tomas. The theology of mission and evangelism in the International Missionary Council from Edinburgh to New Delhi, Helsinki, 1980.

Sundkler, “Daring in order to know: the IMC from Edinburgh to New Delhi,” International Review of Mission, 51(201), 1962.

6.1 Lake Mohonk 1921

6.2 Jerusalem 1928

Conference reports

Gort, J D. ‘Jerusalem 1928: Mission, Kingdom and Church,’ International Review of Mission, 67, 1978, 273-298.

6.3 Tambaram 1938

Conference Reports DML

Hutchison, W R. Errand to the world. American Protestant Thought and Foreign Missions, University of Chicago Press, 1987, 158-175. [The Laymen’s report and its effect in America.]

Joediswara, Mikha ‘Hendrick Kraemer and Inter-religious relations in Indonesia,’ Asia Journal of Theology 9(1) April 1995 86-100.

International Review of Mission, 78(307), July 1988, Tambaram Revisited. [Note sermon by Lesslie Newbigin]

Ustorf, Werner. Mission to mission? - Rethinking the agenda. Selly Oak Colleges Occasional Paper 9, Birmingham, 1991.

6.4 Whitby 1947

International Missionary Council, Whitby, Canada, July 5 to 24, 1947, Who’s Who. [mimeo, WJR]

Latourette and W R Hogg, Tomorrow is here.

6.5 Willingen 1952

Goodhall, N Missions under the Cross, Edinburgh House Press, 1953.

The missionary obligation of the church. Willingen, Germany July 5-17, 1952, IMC, 1952.

6.6 Ghana 1958

Orchard, R K. The Ghana assembly of the International Missionary Council, Edinburgh House Press, 1958.

Winter, R D. “Ghana; preparation for marriage,” International Review of Mission, , 267, July 1978, pp.338-353.

6.7 Amalgamation with the WCC: New Delhi 1961

Benn, C. “The theology of mission and the integration of the IMC and the WCC,” International Review of Mission, 303, July 1987, pp.380-402.

Dictionary of the Ecumenical Movement, “International Missionary Council.”

Newbiggin, L. One Body, One Gospel, One World. The Christian mission today, IMC, 1958.

Newbiggin, L. Unfinished Agenda, WCC.

Ranson, C. A missionary pilgrimage, Eerdmans, 122-124.

Scherer, J. Gospel Church and Kingdom, 99-108.

Visser’t Hooft, W A. The New Delhi Report, The Third Assembly of the world Council of Churches 1961, SCM, 1962.

Warren, Max. “The fusion of IMC and WCC at New Delhi: retrospective thoughts after a decade and a half,” Occasional Bulletin of Missionary Research, July 1979, pp.104-108.

7. COUNCIL FOR WORLD MISSION & EVANGELISM 1961-1989

7.1 Mexico 1963 : “Witness in six continents”

7.2 Bangkok 1973 : “Salvation Today”

Bangkok Assembly 1973, WCC.

From Mexico City to Bangkok, report of COWME 1963-1972.

7.3 Melbourne 1980 : “Your Kingdom Come”

Bosch D J. “Behind Melbourne and Pattaya: a typology of two movements,” IAMS Newsletter 16/17 1981 (?) 21-33.

Rosin, H. ‘Reactions to Melbourne and Pattaya,’ Exchange 10(29), Sep 1981, 1-15.

Your Kingdom come. Section reports from the WCC COWME Melbourne Conference, May 1980, Australian Council of Churches, Sydney 1980.

7.4 San Antonio 1989

International Review of Mission; 78(309) January 1989, 78(310), April 1989, 78(311/312), July/October 1989.

Neely, Alan and J. A. Scherer. “San Antonio and Manila 1989.” Missiology 18: April 1990: 139-148.

San Antonio. International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 13(3) Jul 1989, 130-135.

8. DENOMINATIONAL CONFERENCES

Lambeth Conference 1930. Encyclical letter from the bishops with resolutions and reports, SPCK.

9. YOUTH CONFERENCES

Further studies on the Christian community in the modern world for the World Conference of Christian Youth Amsterdam, Holland, July 24-August 2, 1939.

Gethman, W W, and D G M Patrick, The Christian community in the modern world. A preparatory study for the World Conference of Christian Youth Amsterdam, Holland, July 24-August 2, 1939, 1938.

Report of the Conference of the World’s Student Christian Federation held at Tokyo, Japan April 3-7, 1907.

Report of the Conference of the World’s Student Christian Federation held at Oxford, England July 15th to 19th 1909, WSCF, 1909.

Report of the Third International Conference of the Student Volunteer Missionary Union, Edinburgh Jan.2-6, 1904, Student Volunteer Missionary Union, London, 1904.

Students and the missionary problem. Addresses delivered at the International Student Missionary Confernce, London, January 2-6, 1900, SVMU, London, 1900.

Tatlow, Tissington. The story of the Student Christian Movement of Great Britain and Ireland, SCM, 1933.

Winter, Ralph. Student Missionary Power: Report of the First International Convention of the Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions - 1891, William Carey Library, 1979.

10. THE WORLD COUNCIL OF CHURCHES 1948-1991

Duff E. The social thought of the World Council of Churches, Longmans 1956.

Ecumenical Review 40(3-4), July-October 1988. Commemorating Amsterdam 1948.

Kik J M. Ecumenism and the Evangelical, Presbyterian and Reformed 1958.

Tan Kim-Sai, The great digression, MBS, 1981.

Van der Bent, Ans J. What in the world is the World Council of Churches, 1981.

10.1 Amsterdam 1948 : “Man’s disorder and God’s design”

Man’s disorder God’s design, Amsterdam Assembly series, Harper, New York, 1948.

Official Handbook. First Assembely of the World Council of Churches, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, August 22-September 4, 1948, Amsterdam, 1948.

The ten formative years 1938-1948. First Assembly of the World Council of Churches Amsterdam, 1948, WCC, 1948.

Visser’t Hooft, W A, ed. The first assembly of the World Council of Churches held at Amsterdam August 22nd to September 4th, 1948. The official report, SCM, 1949.

10.2 Evanston 1952 : “Christ - The hope of the world”

Evanston Speaks. Reports from the Second Assembly of the World Council of Churches, August 15-31, 1954, WCC/SCM, 1954.

The Christian hope and the task of the Church, 2nd Assembly of the WCC Harper 1954.

The Evanston report. Second Assembly of the WCC, Harper, 1955.

Nichols, J H. Evanston an interpretation, Harper, 1954.

10.3 New Delhi 1961 : “Jesus Christ the light of the world”

Brash, Alan A. Delhi 1961. A popular report on the third Assembly of the World Council of Churches, Presbyterian Bookroom, 1961.

Evanston to New Delhi 1954-1961. Report of the Central Committee to the third Assembly of the WCC, WCC 1961.

Jesus Christ the light of the world. WCC 3rd Assembly New Delhi 1961 [study booklet].

The New Delhi report. The 3rd Assembly of the WCC 1961 SCM 1962.

Slack, K. Despatch from New Delhi, SCM, 1962.

WCC, New Delhi speaks, SCM, 1962.

10.4 Uppsala 1968 : “Behold I make all things new”

Brooks, P ed., Christian spirituality, 326ff.

Goodhall, N, ed. The Uppsala report 1968, The official report of the fourth assembly of the World Council of Churches Uppsala July 4-20, 1968, WCC, 1968.

Goodhall, N, ed. Uppsala 68 speaks, section reports of the Fourth Assembly of the World Council of Churches Uppsala 1968, WCC, 1968.

Johnson, D. Uppsala to Nairobi 1968-1975, WCC, 1975.

Newbiggin, L. Unifinished agenda, WCC.

Slack, K. Uppsala report, SCM, 1968.

10.5 Nairobi 1975 : “Jesus Christ frees and unites”

Hwa Yung, In search of a mission. A study of the doctrine of salvation of the WCC ... with special reference to Bangkok 1972-3 and Nairobi 1975. (thesis - not in DML)

Paton, D M. Breaking barriers, Nairobi 1975, WCC, 1976.

Rogers, J R Mackenzie & L Weeks, Case studies in Christ and salvation, Westminster 1977 161-176.

Slack, Kenneth. Nairobi narrative. The story of the Fifth Assembly of the World Council of Churches, 23 November-10 December, 1975, SCM, 1976.

10.6 Vancouver 1983

Gill, D. Gathered for life. Official report of the VI Assembly of the WCC Vancouver Canada 24 July-10 August 1983.

Nairobi to Vancouver 1975-1983. Report of the Central Committee to the sixth Assembly of the WCC WCC 1983.

10.7 Canberra 1991

Ecumenical Review, 43(2), April 1991

Nicholls, Bruce and Bong Rin Ro, eds., Beyond Canberra, Regnum, 1993.

Padilla, C Rene. ‘”Come Holy Spirit - renew the whole creation,”’ Transformation, 8(4), Oct 1991, 1-6.

11. EFFORTS FOR REUNION : SUCCESS AND FAILURE

Best, T F. ed., Living today towards visible unity. Fifth international consultation of united and uniting churches, WCC, 1988.

Dodd, C H. “A letter concerning unavowed motives in ecumenical discussions,” Ecumencial Review 2(1) 1949 52-56.

Jeffery, R M C. Cases studies in unity, SCM, 1972.

Towards visible unity. Commission on Faith and Order Lima 1982 vols. 1 & 2.

11.1 Church of North India

Plan of Church Union in North India and Pakistan, 3rd edition 1957.

11.2 Church of South India

Mark Gibbard, Unity is not enough, Mowbrays, 1965.

Newbigin, Lesslie. The reunion of the Church, SCM, 1948/1960.

Sundkler, B. Church of South India. The movement towards union 1900-1947, Lutterworth 1965.

11.3 Anglican and Methodist in Britain

Turner, J M. Conflict and reconciliation. Studies in Methodism and ecumenism in England 1740-1982, Epworth 1985.

11.4 Anglicans, Methodists, Presbyterians and others in New Zealand

Brown, C “Ecumenism in New Zealand : success or failure?” in B Colless & P Donovan eds. Religion in New Zealand society, 1980, 81-97.

Morrison, Clare. Windows on unity. Cooperative Ventures and the search for church union, Negotiating Churches Unity Council, Wellington, 1992.

11.5 North America

12. VATICAN II AND BEYOND

Abbott, W M. The documents of Vatican II, 336-370.

Butler, C. Theology of Vatican II, DLT, 1981, 104-126.

Directory for the application of principles and norms of ecumenism, Pontificium Consilium as Christiandorum unitatem fovendam, Vatican City, 1993.

Jedin H. et.al., eds., History of the Church, 10, 96-150, 466-473.

Kung, H. The Council, reform and reunion, Sheed & Ward, 1961.

McVeigh, M J. “Vatican II and Uppsala: A comparison of two missionary documents,” Missiology 2(3) July 1974, pp327-347.

Meyer, H. “The Decree on Ecumenism: a Protestant viewpoint,” Ecumenical Review 37(3) July 1985 320-325.

Missiology, 13(4), Oct 1985, 487-499, Vatican II & mission.

Schreiter, R J. ‘The anonymous Christian and Christology’ Occasional Bulletin of Missionary Research, 2(1), Jan 1978, pp2-11.

Vischer, L. “The ecumenical movement and the Roman Catholic Church,” in H E Fey, Ecumenical Advance, 311-351.

13. ASIA AND THE ECUMENCIAL MOVEMENT

13.1 General

Asia Journal of Theology / Southeast Asia Journal of Theology

Christ - the Hope of Asia. Ecumenical study conference for East Asia, Lucknow, India, December 27-30, 1952. CLS/WCC, Madras.

Fey, E H. A history of the Ecumenical Movement, 2, 1986.

Fleming, John. Structures for a missionary congregation. The shape of the Christian Community in Asia today, EACC, Singapore, 1964.

Furtado, C L. The contribution of D T Niles to the church universal and local, CLC, Madras, 1978.

Gluer, W. “The legacy of T C Chao,” International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 6(4), Oct 1982.

Graham, C. “The legacy of Azariah,” in International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 9(1), Jan 1985.

Kyaw Than, “D T Niles: some personal reflections,” International Review of Mission, 60(237), Jan 1971.

Kyaw Than, Joint Labourers in Hope, CCA, Bangkok, 1973.

Hogg, W R. Ecumenical Foundations, New York, 1952.

Lacy, Creighton. “Legacy of D T Niles,” International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 8(4), Oct 1984.

Lacy, Creighton. “Legacy of P D Devanandran,” International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 5(1), Jan 1981.

Thomas, M M. “Ecumenism in Asia: an assessment,” in van der Bent, J, ed., Voices in unity, WCC, Geneva, 1981.

Thomas, M M. The Asian churches and the study of rapid social change, Ecumenical Review, 37(1).

Visser’t Hooft, “The significant of the Asian churches in the ecumenical movement,” Ecumenical Review, 11(4), Jul 1959.

Visser’t Hooft, “Asian churches,” Ecumenical Review, 2(3), Spring 1950.

Visser’t Hooft, “D T Niles,” International Review of Mission, 60(27), Jan 1971.

Weber, H R. Asia and the Ecumenical Movement 1895-1961, SCM London, 1966.

13.2 Malaysia and Singapore

Roxborogh, John. A common voice. A history of the Ecumenical Movement in Malaysia, Council of Churches in Malaysia, 1991.

Roxborogh, John. ‘The story of ecumenism,’ in Robert Hunt, Lee Kam Hing and John Roxborogh, eds, Christianity in Malaysia. A denominational history, Pelanduk, Petaling Jaya, 1992, 277-322.

13.3 Christian Conference of Asia.

Harvey, Dorothy M. “...there is no end,” Check list of EACC-CCA publications and other related Asian ecumenical documents 1948-1981, CCA 1982.

Hollis, M. Mission unity truth. A study of confessional families and the churches in Asia, Lutterworth 1967.

Kyaw Than, Joint labourers in hope, ... EACC 1968-1973, 1973.

Manikam, Raja B. ed., Christianity and the Asian revolution, 1984.

Neill, S C. “The Asian scene,” Ecumenical Review 1(1) 1948 65-73.

Park, Sung Jung. “A short sketch of the first 25 years of the CCA,” South East Asia Journal of Theology 23(2) 1982 183-197; B Stephens, ibid., pp.199-213.

Philip, T V, ‘Christian Conference of Asia: A historical overview,’ Asia Journal of Theology 9(1) April 1995 2-29.

Verkuyl, J. Contemporary missiology, an introduction, 239-243.

Weber, Hans-Ruedi. Asia and the Ecumenical Movement, 277-292.

13.4 Bangkok 1949 : “The Christian prospect in Eastern Asia”

Devanandan P D. “The Bangkok conference of Asian leaders: an impression,” International Review of Mission 1950 146-152.

Ecumenical Review, 2(3), 1950.

13.5 First Assembly of East Asia Christian Conference Prapat 1957 : “The common evangelistic task”

13.6 Second Assembly of EACC Kuala Lumpur 1959

“Witnesses together”

Goodall, N et.al. A decisive hour for the Christian mission, SCM, 1960.

Newbigin, W A Visser’t Hooft, D T Niles, A decisive hour for the Christian mission, SCM, 1960.

13.7 Third Assembly Bangkok 1964

“The Christian community within the human”

13.8 Fourth Assembly Bangkok 1968

“In Christ all things hold together”

Bangkok `68. Statements and findings, 1968.

13.9 Fifth Assembly, CCA, Singapore 1973

“Christian action in the Asian struggle”

Conference reports, workbooks, worship handbook and handouts.

13.10 Sixth Assembly, CCA, Penang 1977

“Jesus Christ in Asian suffering and hope.”

O’Grady, Ron. Singapore to Penang. The CCA from 1973 to 1977, 1977.

13.11 Seventh Assembly, CCA, Bangalore, 1981

“Living in Christ with people”

Christian Conference of Asia. Seventh assembly, Bangalore May 18-28 1981.

Ron O’Grady, From Penang to Bangalore. The CCA 1977-1981.

13.12 Eighth Assembly, CCA, Seoul, 1985.

From Bangalore to Seoul, A report 1981-1985.

14. FAITH AND ORDER FROM 1948

Faith and Order discussions since the formation of the WCC have not been directly concerned with Church Union or mission so much as a handmaid to the churches in the slow process of building areas of agreement and removing areas of disagreement - particularly those based on misunderstanding rather than principle. A good example can be found in the Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry `Lima’ document and its responses.

`BEM’ involved a carefully worked out process which has a definite philosophy about appropriate ways for Christians to handle deep differences. This involves taking different viewpoints seriously, looking at the historical roots of theological differences (so we are not just arguing between sets of dogmatic beliefs cut loose from the circumstances in history which brought them into existence), and trying to build convergence. There is a persistent effort to establish and enlarge common ground in both faith and practice.

Handspicker M B. “Faith and Order 1948-1968,” H E Fey Ecumenical Advance, 143-169.

Sharing in one hope. Commission on Faith and Order, Bangalore, 1978, Faith and Order paper 92 WCC.

14.1 Lund, 1952.

Tomkins, O S. The third world conference on Faith and Order held at Lund, August 15 to 28, 1952, SCM, 1953.

14.2 Montreal, 1963.

Rodger P C and L Vischer, The fourth world conference on Faith and Order. The report from Montreal 1963, SCM, 1964.

14.3 Lima, 1971

Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry, WCC.

Thurian, Max. Churches respond to BEM, vols 1-6, WCC.

15. INTER-CHURCH DIALOGUE

Beckwith R T. “The ecumenical quest for agreement in faith,” Themelios 10(1), Sep 1984, 28-30.

Meyer Harding and Lucas Vischer, Growth in agreement. Reports and agreed statements of ecumenical conversations on a world level, WCC/Paulist Press 1984.

Thurian M and G Wainwright, Baptism and Eucharist. Ecumenical convergence in celebration, WCC, 1983.

15.1 Anglican conversations

Anglican Consultative Council reports

Lambeth Conference reports

Anglican-Lutheran International conversations 1970-1972 SPCK 1973.

Packer, J I. All in each place. Towards reunion in England, 1965.

Mark Santer, ed., Their Lord and ours, SPCK, 1982.

Ware K and C Davey, Anglican-Orthodox dialogue. The Moscow statement, SPCK, 1977.

Steps towards unity. Documents on ecumenical relations presented to ACC-6, 1984.

15.2 Lutheran conversations

Ulrich Duchrow, Conflict over the ecumenical movement, WCC, 1981.

George A Lindbeck, Ecumenism and the Lutheran Church in Malaysia and Singapore, 1969.

15.3 Methodist conversations

15.4 Catholic and Protestant

Heenan, J C, ed., Christian unity, a Catholic view, 1962.

Leeming, B, SJ. The Churches and the Church. A study of ecumenism, DLT 1963.

Pelikan, J. Obedient rebels. Catholic substance and Protestant principle in Luthers reformation, Harper 1964.

Toon, P. What’s the difference, Marshalls, 1983.

VanElderen, M. “The WCC and the Roman Catholic Church,” One World, Oct 1986, pp.11-15.

16. EVANGELICAL ECUMENISM

16.1 Evangelical Ecumenism

It is important to note that functional ecumenism is not restricted to those churches and institutions formally related to the the World Council of Churches. Many interdenominational evangelical groupings serve to bring Christians (ever since 1846 it has been a matter of debate how much it should be churches and how much individuals) together to work together in areas of aggreement with the effect of improving understanding and co-operation. For some groupings the ecumenical function is secondary as in mission societies and para-church organisations (see below), for others it is the primary co-operative function - not very different from key elements of the vision of the WCC.

The first of these groups was the Evangelical Alliance founded in Britain in 1846, and an ancestor of Edinburgh 1910. In America the National Association of Evangelicals was founded in 1942. More recently there has been the World Evangelical Fellowship (WEF), 1952, and in different countries National Evangelical Fellowships like the NECF in Malaysia and the EFNZ in New Zealand.

On a world scale the Lausanne Committee on World Evangelism, though technically responsible to no one but itself, draws on the same constituency as the WEF. Transformation magazine is a more radical international group of modern day Evangelicals. In theological education, the Asia Theological Association is another significant grouping. What these also indicate is that there are a large number of Protestants outside the `official’ ecumenical movement. There are signs that the WCC is becoming more concerned to take such independent and evangelical groups seriously.

Dayton, Donald W. “Yet another layer of the onion or opening the ecumenical door to let the riff-raff in,” Ecumenical Review, Jan 1988, pp.87-110.

Derham, A M, “An open letter to the leaders of the Lausanne Movement and the World Evangelical Fellowship,” Transformation, 4(1), 1987, pp.1-2, and responses pp.3-6.

16.2 Para-church groups and ecumenism

Both evangelical and `ecumenical’ parachurch groups have ecumenical functions and the importance of the YMCA movement and the SCM for the development of the WCC cannot be underestimated.

Historically ecumenical bodies and churches have been highly critical of para-church organisations, threatened by their efficiency and fund-raising, jealous of their success, suspicious of their intentions, doubtful of their theology and generally hostile towards something outside their control. Sometimes a great deal is made of what is “official” and what is unofficial - but those who are formally appointed to ecumenical bodies by elected church officials and committees are not necessarily particularly responsive to the concerns of the constituency they represent, and para-church groups which depend for their funds on being sensitive to the interests of their supporters can be closer to the values of church members than the official bodies. At the same time such faith groups have to be careful they are not merely populist in responding to the sensitivities of their constituency.

These difficulties are a long way from being uniquely evangelical. The history of orders and new movements within the Roman Catholic church shows the same tensions between different centres of authority. As some ecumenical bodies find that bureaucratically entrenched official ecumenism is not always responsive to their vision, they too go independent with similar results.

At different times we are likely to find ourselves on different sides of these debates. There is not always a clear right and wrong, but it is helpful to recognise how activities of our particular group are likely to be perceived by others and try to reduce being an unnecessary threat or unnecessarily aloof. Participation in parachurch groupings is likely to be important for broadening appreciation of Christians from other traditions which is what the ecumenical movement ought to be largely about. However the temptation is the same for all, that we will restrict what we do to gatherings of only the like minded.

Tatlow, T. The story of the Student Christian Movement of Great Britain and Ireland, SCM, 1933.

White, J. The Church and the para-church. An uneasy marriage, Multnomah, 1983.

17. EVANGELICAL CONFERENCES

17.1 Wheaton 1966

Lindsell, H, ed. The Church’s world wide mission.

17.2 Berlin 1966

Henry, C F H, ed. One race, one Gospel, one task.

17.3 Green Lake 1971

17.4 Lausanne 1974

Douglas, J. Let the earth hear His voice.

Padilla, C Rene. The new face of evangelicalism, Hodder, 1976.

17.5 Pattaya 1980

17.6 Edinburgh 1980

17.7 Lausanne II, Manila 1989

Coote, Robert T. ‘Lausanne II and World Evangelization,’ International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 14(1) Jan 1990, 10-17.

Escobar, Samuel. “A movement divided. Three approaches to world evangelization stand in tension with one another,” Transformation 8(4) October 1991, pp.7-15.

Steuernagel, V R, ‘Social concern and evangelization: the journey of the Lausanne Movement,’ International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 15(2) Apr 1991, 53-56.

18. THE FUTURE OF ECUMENISM

Best, Thomas F. Instruments of unity. National Councils of Churches within the one ecumenical movement, WCC, 1988.

Bong Rin Ro and Bruce J Nicholls, eds., Beyond Canberra, Lynx/Regnum, Oxford, 1993.

Directions in Ecumenical Co-operation: Evangelical Challenge. International Review of Mission, 81(323), July 1992

The Ecumenical Future and the WCC. Ecumenical Review, 42(1), January 1991.

‘Has the WCC kept the Faith?’ Christianity Today, April 5, 1993, 31-40.

Raiser, Konrad. Ecumenism in transition. A paradigm shift in the Ecumenical Movement, WCC, 1991.

Spindler, Marc R: ‘Visa for witness: a new focus on the theology of mission and ecumenism’ : Mission Studies 3 No 1:51-60 1986

Tu’uholoaki, Finau Dyer, ‘Mission, ecumenism and the local churches: from the Pacific context,’ International Review of Mission 80:119-125 Ja 1991

Wright, Nigel G: ‘Mission, the shape of the church and ecumenism’ in: Mission to the world; ed by P Beasley-Murray, Pages: 52-56

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