Unit 3- Holidays and Celebrations, Family
Unit 3- Holidays and Celebrations, Family Nombre ___________________
Students will be able to:
➢ State and recognize vocabulary from Chapter 5, Level 2
➢ Identify family members
➢ Talk about passages of life: weddings, baptisms, birthdays, funerals
➢ Use possessive pronouns (my, your, his, her)
➢ Use direct object pronouns
➢ Use indirect object pronouns
➢ Use double object pronouns
Capitulo 5, Nivel 2:
Repaso (Review)
La feria
La fiesta
El santo patrón
La santa patrona
Una procesión
Un desfile
Desfilar
Caminar
Los muertos
Los difuntos
El camposanto
El cementerio
El mausoleo
La tumba
Una ofrenda
Una corona de flores
Una calavera
Un cráneo
Un esqueleto
Un hueso
Un disfraz
Una máscara
Enterrado
La Navidad
La Nochebuena
La Nochevieja
La chimenea
Un regalo
Un aguinaldo
Los reyes magos
El camello
La paja
El árbol de Navidad
Decorar
Jánuka
La fiesta de las luces
La menora
La vela
Judío
Hebreo
Encender
Una banda municipal
Los fuegos artificiales
El cielo
Bailar
Iluminar
El bizcocho
Todo el mundo
Dulce
Celebrar
Confeccionar
Elaborar
mientras
La familia
Los parientes
padre:
madre:
padres
hermano/a:
hermanos
suegro/a:
cuñado/a:
esposo, marido:
esposa, mujer:
abuelo/a
bisabuelo/a:
tatarabuelo/a:
hijo/a:
hijos
nieto/a:
bisnieto/a:
tataranieto/a:
tío/a:
tío abuelo:
tía abuela:
primo/a
primo carnal, prima carnal: first cousin
primo segundo, prima segunda:
sobrino/a :
padrastro:
madrastra:
hijastro/a:
hermanastro/a:
medio hermano, hermano de padre, hermano de madre:
media hermana, hermana de padre, hermana de madre:
prometido, novio: fiance, boyfriend, groom
prometida, novia: fiancee, girlfriend, bride
amigo/a
conocido/a:
desconocido/a
Possessive Adjectives
|Singular |Plural | |
|mi |mis |my |
|tu |tus |your (inf) |
|su |sus |his/her, your (form) |
|nuestro |nuestros |our (m) |
|nuestra |nuestras |our (f) |
|vuestro |vuestros |your (m) (inf) |
|vuestra |vuestras |your (f) (inf) |
|su |sus |their, your (form) |
A Possessive Adjective always accompanies a noun.
mi embarque - my shipment
tu beneficio - your benefit
nuestro arreglo - our arrangement
su sinceridad - his, her, or their sincerity
sus fondos - their money
The Spanish possessive adjective must agree with the number of items a person has.
mi libro - my book mis libros - my books
The nosotros and vosotros forms change in gender as well;.
nuestro libro - our book
nuestra mesa - our desk
vuestros refrescos - your soft drinks
vuestras familias - your families
Possessive pronouns are the words which replace nouns modified by possessive adjectives. In Spanish there are different forms of possessive pronouns depending on whether the noun is masc or fem, sing. or plu..
| |Masculine |Feminine |
|mine |el mío |la mía |
| |los míos |las mías |
|yours (tú) |el tuyo |la tuya |
| |los tuyos |las tuyas |
|his/hers/its/yours (Ud.) |el suyo |la suya |
| |los suyos |las suyas |
|ours |el nuestro |la nuestra |
| |los nuestros |las nuestras |
|yours (vosotros) |el vuestro |la vuestra |
| |los vuestros |las vuestras |
|theirs/yours (Uds.) |el suyo |la suya |
| |los suyos |las suyas |
Note that the Spanish possessive pronouns for third person singular (él, ella, Ud.) and plural (ellos, Uds.) are identical.
There are two important things to know about Spanish possessive pronouns:
1. The possessive pronoun must match the noun being replaced in gender and number.
2. The appropriate definite article must be used.
Otherwise, Spanish and English possessive pronouns are very similar.
|Mi hermano está aquí; ¿dónde está el tuyo? | |My brother is here; where's yours? |
|Me gustan mis libros y ella prefiere los suyos. | |I like my books and she prefers hers. |
|Tus ideas son buenas, pero las mías son mejores. | |Your ideas are good, but mine are better. |
|Estas plumas, ¿son las vuestras o las nuestras? | |These pens, are they yours or ours? |
When the masculine singular possessive pronoun is preceded by the preposition a or de, the preposition contracts with the definite article (el):
|Habla a tu padre; yo hablaré al mío. | |Talk to your dad; I'll talk to mine. |
|Él disfruta de su curso, pero yo no disfruto del mío. | |He's enjoying his class, but I'm not enjoying mine. |
Note that Spanish possessive pronouns are identical to stressed form possessive adjectives, but their usage is different: possessive pronouns replace nouns, while possessive adjectives modify nouns.
There is also a neuter possessive pronoun which is used when the possessed thing is abstract or unspecific, in the sense of one's part, share, things, task, etc.
The Spanish neuter possessive pronoun is formed with the neuter article lo plus the masculine singular possessive pronoun (mío, tío, suyo, nuestro, vuestro).
|¿No quieren lo mío? | |Don't you want mine (my work, my share...)? |
|Perdió lo suyo. | |He lost his (his stuff, his things). |
|¿Cuánto es lo nuestro? | |How much is ours (our share)? |
Los pasajes de la vida
Las fiestas
la ceremonia
el anuncio nupcial
el matrimonio, el casamiento
la boda
la iglesia
el cura
la novia
el novio
la pareja
el/la recién casado(a)
la dama de honor
el padrino
el paje page
el traje de novia
el velo
el anillo de boda
casarse
la ceremonia civil
el registro de matrimonio
el ayuntamiento
el alcalde, la alcaldesa
firmar
por (el, lo) civil
una recepción
una cena
un banquete, un bufé
un regalo
en honor de
¡Enhorabuena! Felididades Felicitaciones
el bautizo
el recién nacido
el padrino
la madrina
la pila baptismal font
bautizar
el cumpleaños
el pastel, el bizcocho, la torta, la tarta
la vela
nacer
cumplir... años
celebrar
una esquela, un obituario
el velorio
el ataúd
la viuda
el difunto
el cementerio,
el camposanto
el cortejo fúnebre
el entierro, el sepelio
los pasajes de la vida
la alegría
alegre
alegrarse
sorprender
esperar to hope, to expect, to wait
intercambiar
tener lugar
El hermano ausente en la cena de Pascua
Se trata de
el afán
el pincel
la miel
la criada
musitar to murmur, whisper
antaño of past times
vacío(a)
acaso perhaps
Los pronombres de complemento directo e indirecto
Verbs in English may take a direct object, an indirect object, or both.
| | | |
| |object nouns |object pronouns |
| | | |
|direct |I write the letter. |I write it. |
| | | |
|indirect |I write to Paul. |I write to him. |
| | | |
|direct and indirect |I write the letter to Paul, I write Paul the |I write it to him. |
| |letter. | |
Direct objects may represent people or things.
I see Paul. I see the book.
With direct object pronouns,
I see him,I see it Lo veo
Direct Object Pronouns/Complementos Directos
| | |
|me |nos |
| | |
|te |os |
| | |
|lo, la |los, las |
Position
* Object pronouns, including reflexive pronouns, usually come before the conjugated verb.
Ejemplos: I ate the cherries: I ate them. Comí las cerezas: Las comí.
* When object pronouns are used with an infinitive or a present participle (ando iendo), they can follow them and are attached to them. In a progressive construction, or in an infinitive construction introduced by Ir a, querer, poder, or saber, the object pronouns may also be placed before the conjugated verb.
Ejemplos: I want to eat the chocolate: I want to eat it.
Quiero comer el chocolate: Quiero comerlo, Lo quiero comer.
I am washing the tomato: I am washing it.
Estoy lavando el tomate: Estoy lavándolo.* Lo estoy lavando.
*when attached, an accent would be needed on the 3rd to last syllable.
* When the verb is in the affirmative command, the object pronouns must be attached to the end of the verb. The stressed syllable of the verb always remains the same. If the verb is normally stressed on the next to last syllable, this syllable requires an accent mark when the verb has pronouns attached to it.
Ejemplo: Listen to me. Esúchame.
The neuter direct object pronoun lo often replaces a phrase or sentence (rather than a single noun).
Lo is often the equivalent of the English it, so, or that. No lo se. I don't know (that). Sí, lo es. Yes, he is (that). Practica, página 204, ejercicio 4.
INDIRECT
Indirect objects represent only people (or animals). They are usually introduced by to or for, even though the preposition is not always expressed. I will write (to) him.
In general, when the indirect object is a noun, the indirect object pronoun le or les is also used in the same sentence. The indirect object pronoun also occurs with a alguien, a nadie, and a quien?
Indirect object pronouns are often used in sentences in which the direct object is a part of the body or a personal possession. Compare Spanish and English usage:
Le hablo. I speak to him.
El camarero le da la cuenta a la cliente.
The waiter gives the check to the customer.
Le escribo. I write to her.
A quien le prestaste tu coche?
Who did you lend your car to?
Inirect Object Pronouns/Complementos Indirectos
| | |
|me |nos |
| | |
|te |os |
| | |
|le |les |
* For emphasis or clarification, the expressions a mí, a ti, and so on are often used together with an indirect object pronoun.
Le hablé a ella. I spoke to her. Pablo te escribió una carta a ti. Pablo wrote you a letter.
Vocabulario: Verbos con complementos directos e indirectos
pedir (I] to ask for (something)
dar to give
regalar to give (as a gif't)
prestar to lend, loan
traer to bring
devolver [uej to give back, return
entregar to deliver, hand over to
mandar to send enviar to send
mostrar (ue] to show
enseñar to show, point out, to teach
contar (ue) to tell
explicar to explain
recomendar (ie) to recommend
No te pido nada.
Le damos una buena propina a la camarera.
Clara le regala una corbata a su novio.
Puedes prestarme tu coche?
El camarero le trajo la cuenta a la cliente.
Le has devuelto el dinero a Carlota?
Los estudiantes le entregaron la tarea al profesor.
Los inquilinos le han enviado un cheque a la dueña.
La dependiente le mostró los nuevos vestidos a ella
Elena nos enseño la oficina donde trabajaba.
Te he contado todo lo que se.
El cocinero le explica la receta a su ayudante.
El mozo nos ha recomendado la paella.
Double Object Pronouns in Spanish
We have looked at both Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns and learned that we place them either directly before a conjugated verb or attach them to an infinitive, a gerund or a command. But what happens when we have both direct and indirect object pronouns in one sentence? Who goes where?
Let's take a look at an example:
|Yo te doy el dinero a ti. |
First, we'll identify the different components of this sentence:
|Yo |Doy |El dinero |Te, a Ti (informal you) |
|subject pronoun |our conjugated verb |direct object |Indirect object Pronoun, |
|I |I'm giving |it's what I'm giving. The |Indirect Object |
| | |money is receiving the |YOU are receiving the money!|
| | |direct action of the verb. |(indirect benefit of my |
| | | |action/verb) |
Now, we replace el dinero with the pronoun lo because dinero is masculine and singular. And we already have the Indirect Object Pronoun te.
Both object pronouns must come before the active/conjugated verb. But which comes first?
• The indirect will ALWAYS come first.
• An easy way to remember this is to think of I.D. (Indirect Object, Direct Object).
So, our sentence above can be converted into this three-word sentence using both an indirect and a direct object pronoun:
|Te lo doy. |
|[pic] |
|IO DO VERB |
Let's look at another example:
|El policía nos lleva las direcciones a nosotros. |
First, we'll identify the different components of the sentence:
|El policía |lleva |las direcciones |nos, a nosostros |
|The subject |the verb |the direct object. |the indirect object. |
| | |We use the pronoun las. | the pronoun nos is already in |
| | | |the sentence |
If we follow the ID rule, our final sentence is:
|El policía nos las lleva. |
|[pic] |
|SUBJECT IDOP DOP VERB |
So far pretty easy!
But (of course!) we have a small exception. Let's look at this sentence:
| Juan le escribe una carta a María. |
When we examine the elements, we have:
|Juan |escribe |una carta |le, a María |
|Subject |verb |Direct object |Indirect object |
| | |We replace this with la since|The singular third person |
| | |una carta is singular and |pronoun, le, is already there |
| | |feminine | |
So our sentence is:
|*Juan le la escribe. |
Right? NOOOOOOOOOO!!!
I guess you know from the asterisk that this isn't what happens. Unfortunately, we cannot leave this sentence as it is. We cannot have two "L" object pronouns together. So our original sentence,
|*Juan le la escribe. |must change to----> |Juan se la escribe. |
Here is one way to remember the exception:
▪ 1) Only Eric Clapton sings Layla (le la) or Laylas (le las).
▪ 2) Only criminals Lay low (le lo).
▪ 3) Spanish speakers "Say" la/las and "Say" lo/los (se la, se las, se lo, se los)
Let's try another example:
|Yo le pido los discos a mi hermano --> Yo se los pido. |
| le-->se los |
|[pic] |
| IO DO |
• We have the option of retaining or removing the Indirect Object "tag" :
▪ Yo se los pido a mi hermano.
▪ Yo se los pido.
[pic]
We can also place the double object pronouns on the end of an infinitive or a gerund just as we do with single object pronouns.
For example:
|Yo les estoy explicando las reglas a ustedes. |Yo se las estoy explicando -or- Yo estoy explicándoselas. |
| les-->se las | |
| IO DO |IO-DO |
| | IO-DO |
Another example with an infinitive:
|Tomás nos va a servir el café a nosotros. |Tomás nos lo va a servir. --or-- Tomás va a |
| |servírnoslo. |
• Notice that we place accent marks on the present participles and infinitives to preserve the normal pronunciation of the verbs. If you aren't sure where to put the accent, cover up the pronoun/s and say the word naturally. The stressed syllable is where you put the accent:
|Nosotros vamos a prestarle los libros a Elena. |*Nosotros vamos a prestarselos--? |
| le-->se los | And now where do we put the accent...? |
|1) Take off the pronouns: Prestar - [selas] |Nosotros vamos a prestárselos. |
|2) Find the normal stresses syllable: presTAR | |
|3) Write the accent mark and attach pronouns: | |
|prestár + [selas] | |
Let's look at another example.
|El ladrón le está robando el dinero a la víctima. |*El ladrón está robandoselo |
| le-->se lo | |
|1) robando - [selo] |El ladrón está robándoselo. |
|2) roBANdo | |
|3) robándo + [selo] | |
|Hints: |
|When using present participles (-ando and -iendo forms), the accent will always fall on the a for -ando forms, and on|
|the e for -iendo forms. |
|When using infinitives, the accent will fall on the a for -ar verbs, on the e for -er verbs, and on the i for -ir |
|verbs. |
Preterite Tense
Regular
-AR
|é |amos |
|aste |asteis |
|ó |aron |
-ER/ -IR
|í |imos |
|iste |isteis |
|ió |ieron |
-car, -gar, zar verbs first person (YO) form change only
car- qué Busqué= I looked for
gar-gué Jugué = I played
zar- cé (z before e becomes c) Comencé= I started
Stem Changers: -ar and -er stem changers do not stem change in preterite.
-ir stem changers do stem change, in 3rd person (él, ella, Ud, ellos ellas, Uds.) only
e-i 3rd person stem change o-u 3rd person stem change
pedí pedimos dormí dormimos
pediste pedisteis dormiste dormisteis
pidió pidieron durmió durmieron
Stem ending in a vowel: in the 3rd person (él, ella, Ud, ellos ellas, Uds.)
-er and -ir verbs whose stem ends in a vowel, the i in the ending changes to a y
leer= yo leí, but él leyó, ellos leyeron caer=yo caí, but él cayó, ellos cayeron
Reflexives still use the pronouns before the conjugated verb. IE: Me desperté.
Irregulars
(Also needed when another verbs ends in the irregular infinitive, for example, mantener, componer, contraer...)
andar anduv
estar estuv None of the irregulars have accent marks.
tener tuv All of the irregulars share the same endings....
caber cup
haber hub e imos
poder pud iste isteis
poner pus o ieron
saber sup
hacer hic (él hizo)
querer quis
venir vin
decir dij except when the stem ends in a j, which in 3rd
traer traj person plural goes to jeron instead of ieron.
conducir conduj
Other Irregulars
Ser and Ir (both have the same Ver Dar
preterite forms. Needs context )
|fui |fuimos |Vi |Vimos |Di |Dimos |
|fuiste |fuisteis |Viste |Visteis |Diste |Disteis |
|fue |fueron |Vio |Vieron |Dio |Dieron |
The Past in Spanish
There are two ways to express a past action in Spanish, the preterite and the imperfect. The preterite endings and irregularities we have already gone over.
El Imperfecto: endings
| | | | |
|-AR |used to, was ...ing |-ER/ -IR |used to, was ...ing |
| | | | |
|aba* |ábamos |ía* |íamos |
| | | | |
|abas |abais |ías |íais |
| | | | |
|aba* |aban |ía* |ían |
* Note that the first and third person singular endings are exactly the same. Subject pronouns (yo, él, ella, Ud) are often necessary in these forms.
There are only three irregular imperfects:
| | | | | | |
|Ir |used to go, was going |Ser |used to be, was |Ver |used to see, was seeing |
| | | | | | |
|iba |íbamos |era |éramos |veía |veíamos |
| | | | | | |
|ibas |ibais |eras |erais |veías |veíais |
| | | | | | |
|iba |iban |era |eran |veía |veían |
In this acronym to help remember the reasons you would use the imperfect, see if you can figure out what the letter stands for based on the example given.
W__________ Hacía buen tiempo.
H__________ Yo siempre me cepillaba los dientes después de ducharme.
A__________ Ella tenía cinco años.
T__________ Eran las diez y media.
S___________ Era una noche oscura y hacía buen tiempo cuando el actor entró a la escena.
L___________ Estaba en la escuela.
E___________ Estaba triste.
F___________ Estaba desilusionado.
T___________ Tenía el pelo rubio y los ojos azules.
Pensaba, creía.
Palabras que normalmente indican el pretérito
el domingo
el sábado pasado
el fin de semana pasado
ayer
anteayer
un día
el día anterior
el otro día
una vez
alguna vez
dos veces
por primera vez
de repente
de pronto
por fin
finalmente
a las diez y media
anoche
Palabras que normalmente indican el imperfecto
los domingos
los sábados por la noche
los fines de semana
cada día
todos los días
antes
en el pasado
algunas veces
a veces
de vez en cuando
siempre
a menudo
raramente
rara vez
por lo general
generalmente
mientras
................
................
In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.
To fulfill the demand for quickly locating and searching documents.
It is intelligent file search solution for home and business.
Related searches
- geometry unit 3 test answers
- unit 3 frq ap chem
- unit 3 math test
- ap biology unit 3 frq
- unit 3 project
- ap chemistry unit 3 frq
- holidays and celebrations calendar
- world holidays and celebrations calendar
- holidays and celebrations december 2020
- festivals and celebrations in spain
- grammar and language workbook grade 7 unit 3 verbs
- holidays and celebrations in germany