A National Hate Crime Prevention Curriculum for Middle Schools

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A National Hate Crime Prevention Curriculum for Middle Schools

Karen A. McLaughlin &

Kelly J. Brilliant

EDC Education Development Center, Inc.

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

Office of Justice Programs x U.S. Department of Justice

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

Office of Justice Programs x U.S. Department of Justice

Funded by United States Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP)

This project was supported by Grant No. 95-JS-FX-K001, awarded by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Office of Justice Programs, United States Department of Justice. The Assistant Attorney General, Office of Justice Programs, coordinates the activities of the following program offices and bureaus: Bureau of Justice Assistance, Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Institute of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and the Office for Victims of Crime. Points of view in this document are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice.

To obtain additional copies of this curriculum, please write or call:

Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) P.O. Box 6000 Rockville, MD, USA 20849-6000 (800) 638-8736 (301) 251-5500 (if calling from outside the United States) Fax: (410) 792-4358 (to order documents) E-mail: askncjrs@ web:

To obtain more information, please write or call:

National Hate Crime Prevention Project Education Development Center, Inc. 55 Chapel Street Newton, MA, USA 02158-1060 (800) 225-4276 or (617) 969-7100, ext. 2534 Fax: (617) 244-3436 E-mail: albertha@

Copyright ? January 1997 by Education Development Center, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Education Development Center, Inc. This restriction shall not apply to the student handouts accompanying the text that are intended for duplication. Printed in the United States of America.

ISBN 0-89-292-284-2

In Fond Remembrance

Margery Hemsing Rankin (1951-1997)

Margery and I were colleagues at Education Development Center, Inc., during which time we worked together on numerous projects and trainings. Margery had a passion to make education a vehicle for eradicating social injustice and violence in the Americas. Through this project her passion, in some measure, was realized.

As a Cuban immigrant, Margery knew firsthand the twin realities of prejudice and discrimination. She never became embittered by such experiences--only more resolved to eliminate the poisonous violence often wrought by prejudice.

To address the epidemic of hate crimes in our country, Margery took the initiative to facilitate a pilot test of this curriculum in the middle schools in her own community in Miami, Florida. After the pilot test of this curriculum, Margery was instrumental in creating a multi-disciplinary training for professionals on hate crime prevention across the nation.

Through the process of working together, we saw our collective vision for this project become a reality in our goal to have a positive impact on the minds and hearts of young people.

Margery died suddenly and unexpectedly on February 20, 1997, just as this curriculum was going to print. She was an endearing, gracious, and loving colleague and friend. Most of all, she was determined to make a difference. She has.

Dear friend, may the love and peace you brought to so many others embrace you now. Querida Amiga, que el amor y la paz que les trajiste a los dem?s te abrace ahora.

Karen A. McLaughlin

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Education Development Center, Inc. (EDC), gratefully acknowledges the many individuals who contributed to this curriculum. We wish to express our gratitude to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention staff who guided this project with patience and vision and in particular to the Special Emphasis Division and our Project Officer, Travis Cain, for their continued commitment to reducing hate crime throughout the nation. We would also like to express our appreciation to our advisory board, focus group, and the many other researchers, practitioners, law enforcement officials, juvenile justice professionals, criminal justice professionals, agency administrators, educators, youth, and victims who so generously gave of their time. Special thanks are due to the middle school staff who pilot tested this curriculum, including the staff of the Collins Middle School in Salem, Massachusetts, the Notre Dame School in New York City, and the Allapattah Middle School in Dade County, Florida. We are especially grateful to them for their generous spirit and major contributions on which this curriculum is based.

EDC Staff

Karen A. McLaughlin Project Director

Kelly J. Brilliant Curriculum Developer

Margery Hemsing Rankin Pilot Test Coordinator

Lynn Watkins Contributing Writer

Alison Reynolds Contributing Writer

Nicole Hagen Contributing Writer

Jennifer DiBara Research Assistant/Contributing Writer

Albertha Walley Senior Administrative Assistant/Curriculum Coordinator

Jennifer Roscoe Production Manager

Jonathan Bruce Curriculum Designer

Cathleen McCarron Copyeditor

Joy Sobeck Format Editor

Healing the Hate

PROJECT GRANTEES AND ADVISORY BOARD MEMBERS

Project Grantee

Karen A. McLaughlin Project Director Education Development Center, Inc. 55 Chapel Street Newton, MA 02158-1060 (617) 969-7100, ext. 2360 (617) 244-3436 FAX E-mail: karenm@

Advisory Board Members

Honorable Peter Agnes Presiding Justice Charlestown District Court Three City Square Charlestown, MA 02129

Ruth Budelmann Director Juvenile Diversion Project Essex County District Attorney's Office One Museum Place East India Square Salem, MA 01970

Honorable Kevin Burke Essex County District Attorney Essex County District Attorney's Office One Museum Place East India Square Salem, MA 01970

Deputy Superintendent William Johnston Boston Police Department Bureau of Field Services Special Operations Division 364 Warren Street Boston, MA 02119

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William Kreidler Director Conflict Resolution Program Educators for Social Responsibility 23 Garden Street Cambridge, MA 02138

Edward Loughran Executive Director The Council of Juvenile Correctional Administrators 103 Atlantic Avenue Boston, MA 02109

Professor Jack McDevitt Northeastern University Center for Applied Social Research 102 The Fenway 301 Cushing Hall Boston, MA 02115

Kristin Reardon Juvenile Justice Coordinator Juvenile Diversion Project Lynn District Court 580 Essex Street Lynn, MA 01901

Karen Wilk Coordinator Partnership for Violence Prevention Essex County District Attorney's Office One Museum Place East India Square Salem, MA 01970

Honorable Robert P. Ziemian Associate Justice West Roxbury District Court 445 Arborway Jamaica Plain, MA 02130

Healing the Hate

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Healing the Hate

Special Thanks

United States Department of Justice Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

Shay Bilchik Administrator Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 633 Indiana Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20531

John J. Wilson Deputy Administrator Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 633 Indiana Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20531

Doug C. Dodge Director Special Emphasis Division Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 633 Indiana Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20531

Travis Cain Program Manager Special Emphasis Division Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 633 Indiana Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20531

United States Department of Education which funded the printing and dissemination of this curriculum to middle schools throughout the country.

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CONTENTS

Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 Delivering the Curriculum in Youth Organizations .............................................................. 3 Key Concepts .............................................................................................................. 3 Organization of the Curriculum ...................................................................................... 5 Use and Application of the Curriculum ............................................................................ 6 Guidelines for Use ........................................................................................................ 6

UNIT 1: Hate Crime: Who Are Its Victims? Who Are Its Perpetrators? ...................................... 11 UNIT 2: The Power of the Pen: The Journal's Place in the History of Hate Crimes

and the Purpose of Student Journal Writing ...................................................... 41 UNIT 3: Hate Crime Perpetrators: Why They Do It ................................................................ 53 UNIT 4: Turning It On: Examining the Media's Role in the Development of Prejudice ................. 67 UNIT 5: What Can We Do? Coalition Building to Promote Social Change .................................. 91 UNIT 6: Why Differences Divide: Understanding Conflict and the Role of

Aggressors, Victims, and Bystanders ............................................................... 103 UNIT 7: How It Happens: The Development of Prejudice and Intolerance .............................. 129 UNIT 8: Seeing the Big Picture: Institutionalized Racism ................................................... 153 UNIT 9: Acting Together for Change: A Dramatic Presentation on Hate Crime ......................... 197 UNIT 10: What We Did: Sharing Our Community Project ...................................................... 211

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