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1. The League of Nations was created after World War I as a forum for resolving international conflicts. However, the League was largely unsuccessful at this task.
One factor that contributed to the ineffectiveness of the League was the
a. Breakup of colonial empires in Africa and Asia
b. Decision of the U.S. not to join the League
c. Opposition of League members to the Treaty of Versailles
d. Rise of the Cold War between the U.S. and USSR
2. In the United States, freedom of the press to report on certain matters may be restricted during wartime because
a. Reporting military secrets may threaten national security
b. Laws against libel and slander are strictly enforced during wartime
c. Materials used to print newspapers must be conserved during wartime
d. The government has a compelling interest in suppressing opposing views.
3. During World War I, conscientious objectors to military service were often accused of disloyalty, and some conscientious objectors were sentenced to prison. However, other conscientious objectors were willing to accept noncombatant service.
The assignment of conscientious objectors to noncombatant service was an attempt by the government to
a. Promote ethnic diversity within the military
b. Educate people about their constitutional rights
c. Encourage people to apply for conscientious objector status
d. Balance individual rights and the common good
4. During World War I, two revolutions took place in Russia while Russia was at war with Germany. Vladimir Lenin, leader of the Bolshevik Revolution, said:
There can be no doubt that our army is absolutely in no condition…to beat back German offensive successfully…
Source: V.I. Lenin, Collected Works, 4th English Edition, Progress Publishers,
Moscow, 1964, p.447.
a. Lenin had few skills as a military leader
b. Russia shared in the responsibility of WWI
c. Lenin believed that Russia should withdraw from WWI
d. The Bolshevik Revolution had the support of the Russian army
5. In the United States, reporters’ exercise of the press may be legally restricted under what circumstances?
a. When reporters disagree with official government policies
b. When reporters are granted interviews with leaders of other countries
c. When reporters discover that elected officials have engaged in illegal activities
d. When reporters have information that could threaten national security if published
6. Which term is defined largely by feelings of intense patriotism?
a. Neutrality
b. Militarism
c. Nationalism
d. Imperialism
7. Congress voted to declare war on Germany for several reasons. Which of these did not contribute to Congress’s decision to declare war on Germany?
a. The Zimmerman note
b. Shared German ancestry
c. The sinking of the Lusitania
d. Germany’s submarine warfare
8. Woodrow Wilson came to the peace conference with one set of goals. Victorious European nations came with different goals. What was a primary goal of the British and French at the Versailles peace conference?
a. Withdrawal of their nations from dangerous involvement in foreign affairs
b. Permitting people in colonized areas to have the right of self-determination
c. Protecting the rights of national groups to associate with other national groups
d. Punishing Germany for starting the war and dividing its territory
9. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914 set events in motion that led to World War I. However, no major war is ever caused by a single event. Another factor that contributed to the outbreak of World War I was
a. Laissez faire economics
b. The League of Nations
c. Intense nationalism
d. The Bolshevik Revolution
10. One of Woodrow Wilson’s most important goals after World War I was to establish a League of Nations. What was the main job of the League supposed to be?
a. Make it unnecessary for the United States to involve itself in international disputes
b. Provide a way for countries to resolve disputes between them without going to war
c. Maintain the world economic system so that colonies would no longer be necessary
d. Hold the nations of Europe responsible for the death and destruction of World War I.
11. Some historians call World War I the first industrial war. Several new technologies were developed for warfare. One of the most destructive new weapons used in World War I was
a. The atomic bomb
b. The cannon
c. The fighter jet
d. Poison gas
12. The Zimmerman Note was a secret telegram sent by Germany to the leaders of Mexico. Why did the Zimmerman Note cause outrage among Americans?
a. It revealed that Mexico was getting ready to enter the war on the German side
b. It promised Mexico that Germany would help it reclaim territory in the United States if the United States entered the war against Germany
c. Zimmerman was passing American secrets to Germany with the help of Mexican leaders
d. The telegram contained secret messages sent by American leaders to its commanders on European battlefields
13. The Treaty of Versailles was designed primarily to punish Germany for its responsibility for World War I. In what way di the treaty hurt the German economy?
a. It called for the formation of the League of Nations
b. It allowed Germany to rebuild its military, which led to overspending
c. It encouraged the United States to withdraw from world affairs into isolationism
d. It forced Germany to pay a huge sum of money for war damages
14. One cause of World War I was the nations had aligned into two alliance systems. Which of the following combination of nations comprised the Triple Alliance?
a. France, Great Britain, and Russia
b. Germany, Great Britain, and Russia
c. Austria-Hungary, Germany and Italy
d. Austria-Hungary, France and Italy
15. One major result of World War I was
a. A victorious Germany
b. A revolution in Russia
c. A defeated France
d. A revolution in Great Britain
16. The international organization created to preserve the peace after World War I was the
a. North Atlantic Treaty Organization
b. United Nations
c. Organization of American States
d. League of Nations
17. The main purpose of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points at the end of World War I was to
a. Assist the leaders of Europe to gain additional territory at Germany’s expense
b. Assure peace in the future by not treating Germany as a vanquished nation
c. Divide Germany into several parts so it would not be a threat in the future
d. Gain reparations from Germany to help pay for the cost of the war
18. President Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points were intended to
a. Make the United States, Great Britain and France into leading world powers
b. Redistribute Germany’s colonies among the Allied nations
c. Prevent international tensions from leading to war
d. Punish Germany for causing World War I
19. The demand for German war reparations by European Allies helps to explain the failure of the peace settlement following
a. World War I
b. World War II
c. The Korean War
d. The Vietnam War
20. One goal for a lasting peace that President Woodrow Wilson included in his Fourteen Points was
a. Establishing a League of Nations
b. Maintaining a permanent military force in Europe
c. Returning the United States to a policy of isolationism
d. Blaming Germany for causing World War I
21. In 1917, Bolshevik leaders in Russia sought peace with Germany because the new Russian government
a. Decided to join forces with Germany and the Central Powers
b. Needed to concentrate its troops and resources on its war with Turkey
c. Wanted to retain power and avoid German occupation
d. Needed to control the Baltic Sea and wanted a warm water port
22. In Eastern Europe after World War I, the greatest obstacle to national unity in many nation-states was the
a. Great ethnic diversity found in the region
b. Economic dependence of Eastern Europe on Japan
c. Acceptance of democratic traditions by most Eastern Europeans
d. Expansion of United States influence in the region
23. Which statement best describes the relationship between World War I and the Russian Revolution?
a. World War I created conditions within Russia that helped trigger a revolution
b. World War I postponed the Russian Revolution by restoring confidence in the czar
c. The Russian Revolution inspired the Russian people to win World War I
d. World War I gave the Czar’s army the needed experience to suppress the Russian Revolution
24. A major cause of World War I was
a. A decline in the policy of imperialism
b. The existence of opposing alliances
c. An increase in acts of aggression by England
d. The spread of communism throughout Europe
25. Why was the Balkan region referred to as the “Powder Keg” of Europe prior to World War I?
a. The aggression of the Ottoman Empire was disrupting the balance of power
b. Yugoslavia was invading its neighboring countries
c. Nationalistic and imperialistic rivalries were increasing
d. The area was the leading supplier of military equipment to the rest of the world
26. The major impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany was that the treaty led to
a. An era of peace and international good will in Germany
b. A stable Germany that was both democratic and strong
c. An increase in Germany’s desire to regain its power and prestige
d. A leadership position for Germany in the League of Nations
27. “Archduke Franz Ferdinand Assassinated!”
“Germany Declares War on Russia and France!”
“Peace Treaty Signed at Versailles!”
Which event is referred to in these headlines?
a. Franco-Prussian War
b. Crimean War
c. World War I
d. Cold War
28. World War I Alliance that included Great Britain, France, and Russia
a. Triple Alliance
b. Triple Entente
c. Central Powers
d. Allies
29. Alliance that included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
a. Triple Alliance
b. Triple Entente
c. Central Powers
d. Allies
30. The region of France that became a bloody stalemate
a. Western Front
b. Eastern Front
c. Paris
d. Triple Entente
31. German battle strategy that called for quick defeat of France in the west and then attacking Russia in the east
a. Triple Alliance
b. Schlieffen Plan
c. Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
d. Trench Warfare
32. Battle strategy in which soldiers fought from deep pits dug in the earth
a. Schlieffen Plan
b. Triple Entente
c. Alliance System
d. Trench Warfare
33. New warship introduced by the Germans that used underwater missiles
a. The Lusitania
b. U-boats
c. German flotilla
d. The USS Maine
34. Stretch of battlefield along the German and Russian border
a. Western Front
b. Alsace-Lorraine
c. Eastern Front
d. Berlin Border
35. New weapon that caused blindness, blisters, and choking.
a. Poison gas
b. Machine Gun
c. Tank
d. No Man’s Land
36. Which of the MAIN causes would be linked to Gavrilo Princip’s assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
a. Militarism
b. Alliances
c. Imperialism
d. Nationalism
37. Which of the MAIN causes would be linked to Russia declaring war because Serbia was attacked?
a. Militarism
b. Alliances
c. Imperialism
d. Nationalism
38. Which country withdrew from World War I in 1917?
a. United States
b. Russia
c. Great Britain
d. Germany
39. World War I was a total war in the sense that
a. It brought great suffering to civilians
b. Nations from all over the world were involved
c. New technologies played a large part in the war
d. The nations involved devoted all their resources to it
40. This is the policy of glorifying national power by keeping an army prepared for war
a. Nationalism
b. Militarism
c. Imperialism
d. Patriotism
41. Who was forced to assume sole responsibility for the war under the Treaty of Versailles?
a. Germany
b. Austria-Hungary
c. Russia
d. Italy
42. Which nation was the first to declare war in what would come to be called the Great War?
a. Germany
b. Great Britain
c. Serbia
d. Austria-Hungary
43. Which country was not part of the Big Four?
a. France
b. Russia
c. Great Britain
d. The United States
44. World War I was more destructive than earlier wars for what reason?
a. Armies were more ruthless
b. It lasted longer than any other war ever
c. Modern 20th century weapons were more deadly
d. Airplanes could drop atomic bombs
45. What goal for postwar peace was shared by the British and French leaders in creating the Treaty of Versailles after WWI?
a. To weaken Germany and make it pay for the war
b. To establish “peace without victory”
c. To establish a League of Nations
d. Self-determination for former colonies
46. What was the main intention of the alliances formed among European nations before WWI?
a. To create trading opportunities
b. To discourage attacks from other nations
c. To isolate the United States
d. To increase tensions in Europe
47. “The responsibility for the death of so many American citizens, which is deeply regretted by everyone in Germany, in a large measure falls upon the American government. It could not admit that Americans were being used as shields for English contraband (smuggled goods, weapons). In this regard America had permitted herself to be misused in a disgraceful manner by England. And now, instead of calling England to account, she sends a note to the German government.”
- from Vossische Zeitung, May 18, 1915
Which of the following statements best describes the sentiments of the writer?
a. The sinking of the Lusitania was a tragic mistake
b. America was right to blame Germany for the attack
c. The American government had failed to protect its own citizens
d. England should keep its vessels off the Atlantic Ocean
48. The sinking of the Lusitania ultimately played a role in prompting Germany to
a. Abandon the Schlieffen Plan
b. Halt unrestricted submarine warfare
c. Declare war on the U.S.
d. Begin a widespread rationing program
49. The League of Nations was President Wilson’s plan for an international organization that would work to maintain world peace.
What was the role of the United States in the League of Nations?
a. The United States saw the League of Nations as crucial to world peace and joined immediately
b. The other countries didn’t need the United States to build the League of Nations
c. The United States was key to building the League of Nations, but chose not to join
d. The United States built the League of Nations as a bridge between other countries
50. President Wilson created his Fourteen Points at the end of World War I. At the heart of these points was the idea of “peace without victory”. What did Wilson mean by this?
a. That the nations that won the war should not seek vengeance on the nations that lost
b. That true victory would never be possible
c. That only the victorious could have both peace and victory
d. That nations should declare peace even if there was no clear victory
51. Under the Treaty of Versailles, many new countries were formed. One new country, Iraq, was created out of three provinces of the Ottoman Empire. The formation of Iraq, as well as many other countries, was in conflict with the principle of national self-determination. What is national self-determination?
a. The belief that people of a new nationality will create a more democratic form of government
b. The belief that people of the same nationality should live in many different countries in order to spread their influence
c. The belief that people of the same nation should have the right to govern themselves
d. The belief that new countries should create new national identities
[pic]
52. Look at the poster above and answer the following question.
What impact might this poster have had on the American attitude about Germany in WWI?
A. The Germans cared for the welfare of women and children
B. The poster indicates the Germans sought to purposely harm women and children
C. The Germans were a threat to U.S. government bonds
D. The Germans were being stopped from helping women & children
53. What was the background of colonial rivalries?
a. The European powers lacked capital
b. The European powers competed for colonies
c. The European powers started an arms race
d. The European powers tried to seek allies
54. What were the results of militarism?
a. It speeded up global trade
b. It increased military spending
c. It discouraged the use of force to solve disputes
d. It led to the growth of alliances
55. Britain joined the war in 1914 when
a. Germany declared war on France
b. Germany invaded Belgium
c. Germany attacked Russia
d. Russia mobilized her troops to support Serbia
56. Who was President of the United States during World War I?
a. Warren G. Reading
b. Calvin Coolidge
c. Woodrow Wilson
d. Abraham Lincoln
57. World War I was from…
a. 1914-1918
b. 1907-1911
c. 1920-1924
d. 1930-1932
58. Why might ‘futile’ be a good description of trench warfare?
a. It illustrates the terrible nature of war
b. It illustrates how the idea of fighting war was flawed
c. It illustrates how pointless trench warfare was because it consisted of soldiers with little or no protection attacking a well-defended enemy
d. It illustrates how smart trench warfare was because of the new weaponry
59. How did technology make WWI different from previous conflicts?
a. The destructive nature of the new weapons meant that war was over quickly
b. The destructive technology meant more casualties of war
c. Technology meant less men were required to fight in the war
d. Technology meant that generals were able to control the fighting fully
60. Compared to the western front, fighting on the eastern front was
a. More fluid, as Germans made advancements easily into Russia
b. A deadlock, with German and Austrian troops trapped for months in trenches
c. Not as deadly with far fewer casualties
d. Over quickly
61. How did imperialism lead to World War I?
a. European nations were eager to show their military might by fighting with one another.
b. European nations all felt that their nation was superior to others.
c. European nations were eager to gain the colonial territories owned by their rivals.
d. European nations were eager to take sides with other nations.
62. World War I is also known as
a. The Great War
b. The War to End all Wars
c. The Kaiser’s War
d. All of the above
e. Both a and b
63. What was the area in between the trenches called during World War I?
a. The Great soldier zone
b. The Dead zone
c. No Man’s Land
d. No tolerance Land
64. Which of the following effects of World War I helped contribute to the Russian Revolution?
a. Russia wanted to join the Central Powers
b. Germany surrendered to Russia
c. Russia suffered heavy casualties during World War I
d. Russia was left out of the Big Four at the Treaty of Versailles
65. World War I was a global conflict that spread to many nations throughout the world, from Europe to Africa. Which of the MAIN causes best explains why this happened?
a. Militarism
b. Alliances
c. Imperialism
d. Nationalism
66. True or False: Germany was the first country to declare war.
a. True
b. False
67. True or False: Italy was forced to drop out of World War I because of a revolution.
a. True
b. False
68. Which of the following was the main goal of the British during the Paris Peace Conference?
a. Peace without victory
b. To maintain their position as a powerful nation
c. To gain the land promised to them
d. To crush Germany completely
e. They were not a part of the Paris Peace Conference
69. Which of the following was the main goal of the French during the Paris Peace Conference?
a. Peace without victory
b. To maintain their position as a powerful nation
c. To gain the land promised to them
d. To crush Germany completely
e. They were not a part of the Paris Peace Conference
70. Which of the following was the main goal of the Italians during the Paris Peace Conference?
a. Peace without victory
b. To maintain their position as a powerful nation
c. To gain the land promised to them
d. To crush Germany completely
e. They were not part of the Paris Peace Conference
71. Which of the following was the main goal of the Russians during the Paris Peace Conference?
a. Peace without victory
b. To maintain their position as a powerful nation
c. To gain the land promised to them
d. To crush Germany completely
e. They were not part of the Paris Peace Conference
72. Which of the following was the main goal of the Americans during the Paris Peace Conference?
a. Peace without victory
b. To maintain their position as a powerful nation
c. To gain the land promised to them
d. To crush Germany completely
e. They were not part of the Paris Peace Conference
73. True or False: Woodrow Wilson would view the results of the Versailles Treaty as a victory.
a. True
b. False
74. True or False: The result of World I was another world war two decades later.
a. True
b. False
75. Which of the following MAIN causes would best explain France’s desire to crush Germany during the Paris Peace Treaty?
a. Militarism
b. Alliances
c. Imperialism
d. Nationalism
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Choose the best answer for each question and mark the corresponding letter on your scantron. 75 points.
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