Chapter 7. The Cell: Cytoskeleton
Chapter 3 The Cell:
Cytoskeleton
AP Biology
Cytoskeleton
Function
structural support
maintains shape of cell provides anchorage for organelles
motility
cell locomotion cilia, flagella, etc.
regulation
organizes structures & activities of cell
BAPioBlioogloygy12
Cytoskeleton Structure
network of fibers extending throughout cytoplasm
3 main protein fibers
microtubules Actin filaments intermediate filaments
It's a matter of size...
BAPioBlioogloygy12
AP Biology
Evolutionary perspective Proteins that make up the fibers are
very similar in all living things
from bacteria to humans
tubulin (all cells) actin (eukaryote cells)
Means that they are both
ancient and essential for life
BAPioBlioogloygy12
Microtubules Structure
thickest fibers hollow rods about 25nm
in diameter constructed of protein,
tubulin grow or shrink as more
tubulin molecules are added or removed
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Microtubules Function
structural support & cell movement
move chromosomes during cell division
centrioles
tracks that guide motor proteins carrying organelles to their destination
motor proteins: myosin & dynein
motility
cilia flagella
BAPioBlioogloygy12
Centrioles Cell division
in animal cells, pair of centrioles organize microtubules guiding chromosomes in cell division
AP Biology
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