NOTES: Ch 8 Metabolism and Enzymes
[Pages:52]NOTES: Ch 8 ? Metabolism and Enzymes
8.1 - METABOLISM
Metabolism is the totality of an organism's chemical reactions
Metabolism arises from interactions between molecules within the cell
Organization of the Chemistry of Life into Metabolic Pathways
A metabolic pathway begins with a specific molecule and ends with a product
Each step is catalyzed by a specific enzyme
A
Starting molecule
Enzyme 1 Reaction 1
Enzyme 2
B Reaction 2
Enzyme 3
C
D
Reaction 3
Product
Metabolism includes reactions that are:
CATABOLIC pathways release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds
ANABOLIC pathways consume energy to build complex molecules from simpler ones
Forms of Energy
Energy is the capacity to cause change Energy exists in various forms, some of which
can perform work
Kinetic energy is energy associated with motion
-Heat (thermal energy) is kinetic energy associated with random movement of atoms or molecules
Potential energy is energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure
-Chemical energy is potential (stored) energy available for release in a chemical reaction
Energy can be converted from one form to another
On the platform, the diver has more potential energy.
Diving converts potential energy to kinetic energy.
Climbing up converts kinetic energy of muscle movement to potential energy.
In the water, the diver has less potential energy.
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