R E Dealing with Diabetes: The Road to Developing an ...
嚜澳ealing with Diabetes: The Road to Developing an Artificial Pancreas
Danait Issac
INTRODUCTION
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
※More than 100 million U.S adults are now living with diabetes or
prediabetes.§ There is no cure for diabetes. Since diabetics cannot
produce enough insulin, they are required to take insulin shots and
watch over their blood glucose levels by testing a drop of blood
from a finger prick daily. In 2016, the FDA approved a model of
an artifical pancreas for type 1 diabetics, an automated system that
monitors blood glucose levels and adjust insulin automatically.
This removes the need for type 1 and 2 diabetics to constantly test
their blood and inject insulin shots while trying to balance a
healthy diet. Today around the globe, clinical trials and research
projects are underway to test the accuracy and fleasibly of an
artificial pancreas. With the advancement of the artificial pancreas,
it could enhance the standard of living for all diabetics and avoid
complications and deaths due to diabetes.
MATERIALS
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Solderless breadboard
330 k次 resistor
100 k次 resistor
Jumper wire kit
N-channel MOSFET
1 M次 potentiometer
100 k次 potentiometer
10 k次 potentiometer
Alligator clip test leads (4)
24 AWG bare copper wire
Bromothymol Blue Indicator solution 0.04%
12V peristaltic liquid pump
A
F
T
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R
RESULTS
PURPOSE
The purpose of this experiment is to build a circuit model
of an artificial pancreas to investigate the challenges of
getting such a device to work.
B
E
F
O
R
E
PROCEDURE
By using a step-by-step slideshow provided by Sciencebuddies, the
electronic components,330 k次 resistor, 100 k次 resistor, Jumper wire,
MOSFET, 1 M次 potentiometer, 100 k次 potentiometer, 10 k次
potentiometer, Pump, 8xAA batteries, are inserted into the holes of the
breadboard to create an electronic circuit.
In order to create a conductivity sensor to be inserted in the breadboard, two
pieces of 16 cm copper wire is wrapped around the ends of a 6 cm segment
of a plastic straw. The copper wire tails from the straw will then be poke
through a flat piece of Styrofoam. On the opposite side of where the straw
is, a sharp bend is made in each wire.
Testing the Model
1. Label three mixing bowls ※Neutralized§, ※Vinegar§, and ※Baking Soda§.
2. Put 14.3 g of baking soda into the mixing bowl labeled ※Baking Soda§.
3. Using the graduated cylinder, measure 200 ml of distilled water and add
it to the baking soda.
4. Mix the water and baking sad until the baking soda is completley
dissolved.
5. Measure out 100 ml of the baking solution and add it to the mixing bowl
labeled ※Neutralized§.
6. Measure out 100 ml of distilled white vinegar and very slowly it to the
※Neutralized§ bowl.
7. Measure out 200 mL of distilled white vinegar and carefully pour it into
the "Vinegar" bowl
Prior to testing the model, the conductivity sensor has to carefully placed in
the ※Neutralized§ bowl so that the artificial pancreas is normalizied and the
pump does not run when the sensor is in a neutralized solution.
The conductivity sensor is then placed in the baking soda solution which
will make the pump move a 200 ml solution of vinegar into a bowl of the
100 ml solution of baking soda until the solution is neutralized, which turns
off the pump automatically.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, this experiment proves that an artificial pancreas can
adjust the insulin of a diabetic accurately and automatically. However,
it also displays what happens when not enough or too much insulin is
pumped into a bloodstream. During the first trial, the baking soda
solution did not neutralized. The entire vinegar solution was pumped
into the baking soda bowl due to the solutions not being stirred
throughly and the straw of the sensor not being entirely submerged.
During the 2nd , 3rd, and 4th trials , aware of these mistakes, the model
did neutralize the baking soda solution and turned off the pump
automatically. In the future, I would like to conduct a study on how
diabetics feel about the artifical pancreas and if they prefer it over their
insulin shots.
References
Rowland, T., Lohner, S., Finio, B., & Bonham, A. (2018, December 1). Dealing with Diabetes: The Road to Developing an Artificial Pancreas. Retrieved from
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