Chapter 2: Forces Name Section 1 (The Nature of Force) push pull . strength

Chapter 2: Forces

Name_____________________

Section 1 (The Nature of Force)

What is a Force

*A force is a ______push_________ or

__________pull________.

*Force is describe by its _____strength__________ and

________direction___________.

*The strength of a force is measured in

_______Newtons (N)_________.

*The ______combination_____________ of all forces

acting on an object is called the _____net_________ force.

*When there is a net force acting on an object the forces are

___________unbalanced_________. This

unbalanced force causes _______motion_________.

Example: Add arrows to each one to show unbalanced forces working together and against each other.

Net Force

Net Force

*Equal forces acting on an object in ______opposite______ directions produces a _______balanced___________ force. Example: Add arrow to the diagram below.

No Net Force

Section 2 Friction and Gravity

Friction

*The force that two surfaces exert on each other is called

____Friction______.

*The strength of the friction force depends on two factors: how

____hard_______ the surfaces push together and the

__type______ of surfaces involved.

*There are __4___ types of friction.

1. Static Friction: objects are not ____moving_____.

Example:

2. Sliding Friction: solid surfaces are ____slide_____ over each other. Example:

3. Rolling Friction: an object ___rolling_____ across a surface. Example:

4. Fluid Friction: a solid object moves through a ____fluid____. Example:

Section 3 (Newton's First and Second Laws)

The First Law of Motion

The Second Law of Motion

Section 4 (Newton' 3rd Law) Newton's Third Law of Motion Momentum

*An object at rest will remain at _____rest_________ and an object moving at a constant __velocity_______________ will remain in _____constant velocity________ unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. *_____inertia________ is the tendency of an object to resist change in motion.

*Acceleration depends on the object's ____mass_____ and on the net ____force__________ acting on the object. *A _______Newton (N)____________ is a unit of force required to give a 1 Kg mass and ______acceleration________ of 1 m/s . 2 *Acceleration is directly affected by ____force________ and _____mass________.

*If one object _____exerts_____ a force on another object, then the second object exerts a force of _________equal__________ strength in the opposite direction on the first object. *Action and reaction forces do not cancel out because they are acting on different _____object_________.

*Momentum is a characteristic or a moving object that is

related to the _____mass_______ and ______velocity________ of the object. Formula: Momentum = ____mass______ x ______velocity_________

Conservation of Momentum

*The law of conservation of momentum: The total _____momentum____ of any group of objects remains the _____same____, or is conserved, unless outside _____forces_______ act on the objects.

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